摘要:近年來(lái),隨著影像學(xué)的發(fā)展,無(wú)癥狀胸主動(dòng)瘤的診出率越來(lái)越高[1],一些行擇期行腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)患者術(shù)前常規(guī)檢查時(shí)被診斷出胸主動(dòng)脈瘤。
關(guān)鍵詞:胸主動(dòng)脈瘤支架植入術(shù);腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)
Stent Implantation of Aortic Aneurysm of Thoracic 3 Weeks after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy:Report of 1 Cases and Review of the Literature
PAN Feng,WANG Chong-gao
(Department of General Surgery,The First Hospital of Nanjing City,Pukou District Center Hospital,Nanjing 211800,Jiangsu,China)
Abstract:In recent years, with the development of imaging, no symptoms of chest active tumor diagnosed rate is higher and higher in [1], some marked line preoperative routine inspection for laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients were diagnosed with thoracic aortic aneurysms.
Key words:Stents implantation thoracic aortic aneurysms; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
筆者對(duì)1例胸主動(dòng)脈瘤支架植入術(shù)后3 w行超聲刀腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)病例報(bào)告如下。
1臨床資料
2討論
根據(jù)該病例,筆者體會(huì)如下:①該患者行胸主動(dòng)脈瘤支架植入術(shù)后一直以臥床休息為主,粘稠的膽汁和膽泥可刺激膽囊上皮分泌多種炎性介質(zhì),這可能是患者術(shù)后短期內(nèi)發(fā)生膽囊炎癥急性發(fā)作的原因。同時(shí)PG(前列腺素),IL(白介素)等炎性介質(zhì)使膽囊收縮,靜脈和淋巴回流受阻,易導(dǎo)致膽囊缺血壞死,如不進(jìn)行急診手術(shù)有發(fā)生膽囊穿孔的危險(xiǎn)[2],這也是該患者通過(guò)24 h保守治療無(wú)效后行急診手術(shù)的原因。②根據(jù)ASA的病情分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),該患者為Ⅲ-Ⅳ級(jí),死亡率高,該患者平穩(wěn)渡過(guò)圍手術(shù)期和維持生命體征和內(nèi)環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定有很大關(guān)系[3]。③術(shù)中采用7~10 mmHg低壓氣腹,保持心肌供氧平衡和血流動(dòng)力學(xué)平穩(wěn),同時(shí)術(shù)中及時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)血壓、心電圖、動(dòng)脈血?dú)夥治觯皶r(shí)糾正低氧狀態(tài)和二氧化碳潴留,高碳酸血癥易導(dǎo)致心律失常的發(fā)生。④由于超聲刀的原理是通過(guò)機(jī)械振動(dòng)進(jìn)行切割、止血,無(wú)電流通過(guò)機(jī)體,避免了高頻電刀對(duì)心臟電生理的干擾、安全性高,且少有煙霧和焦痂,對(duì)心臟和主動(dòng)脈內(nèi)有金屬支架的患者甚為有利。該類(lèi)患者多有口服抗凝劑史,手術(shù)中應(yīng)避免使用剪刀銳性分離及吸引器推剝分離,如果止血效果不佳時(shí),應(yīng)改用鈦夾直接夾閉膽囊床創(chuàng)面。⑤術(shù)后疼痛及蘇醒激動(dòng)等可誘發(fā)血壓波動(dòng)和心律失常,應(yīng)給予鎮(zhèn)靜、鎮(zhèn)痛藥,必要時(shí)給于擴(kuò)血管藥持續(xù)泵入,使血壓在比較安全的范圍[4],同時(shí)隨時(shí)觀察心電圖變化,床旁備電復(fù)律器[5]。⑥該類(lèi)患者要常規(guī)放置腹腔引流管,術(shù)后應(yīng)密切觀察腹腔引流液的量及性質(zhì),由于長(zhǎng)期高血壓和血管內(nèi)皮的損傷,術(shù)后血液處于高凝狀態(tài),術(shù)后禁用止血藥,否則有發(fā)生血栓的危險(xiǎn)。
參考文獻(xiàn):
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編輯/肖慧