SomeEffectivePrinciplesOfVocabularyTeachingInSeniorMiddleSchool

【Abstract】 English is more and more important around the world. How to learn English well？ The vocabulary is a key， therefore， the vocabulary teaching also is a key in English teaching. This article elaborates the significance of vocabulary teaching ， some misunderstandings in English vocabulary teaching and proposes some effective principles of vocabulary teaching in senior middle school.

【Key word】 vocabulary teaching； some misunderstandings some ； effective principle

Ⅰ. Significance of Vocabulary Teaching

In learning a foreign language， we should work hard on pronunciation， vocabulary， grammar， translating. The significance of the English lexicology for language learning is also evident. The course will help the students to enlarge their vocabulary and improve their ability to analyze and use English words. Vocabulary is the very basic and a very important component of a language.

Ⅱ.Some Misunderstandings in English Vocabulary Teaching

Firstly， the English teaching in Senior Middle School lays emphasis upon the learning of grammar which exists in the text book.

Secondly， the proportion of reading comprehension is increasing steadily in English examination. So more and more students think it is waste time to learn vocabulary， and so do a great number of teachers. So the teachers spend less and less time on vocabulary teaching.

Thirdly， The teaching of vocabulary is still restricted to the textbook. It is far from what is required.

What are effective of teaching English words？ In this article， We attempt to tackle those questions on the vocabulary teaching.

Ⅲ. Vocabulary teaching method

1. Synonyms

Synonyms are traditionally defined as words different in sound and spelling but identical or similar in meaning. For example， cease and stop， the two words have a similar meaning.

In the study of words we find that English has the target vocabulary and the most synonyms of any language in the world. So it is important to distinguish between words of similar， but not identical meaning.

Therefore the study of synonyms is critical important and very helpful for students. Grasping it can help the students master the language and use it correctly， helps to master the language and use it.

2. Antonyms

Antonyms are traditionally described as words opposite in meaning. Antonym are really symonyms of a special kind.The basic property of the two words which are antonyms is that they share all semantic properties but one.The property they do not share is present in one word and absent or reversed in the other. Thus， in order to be opposite，two words must he semantically very similar.

It is important for us to master antonyms in the study of English. The study of antonyms helps us to define the exact meaning of a given word and its synonyms.

3. Polysemy

Polysemy is “a term used in semantic analysis to refer to a lexical item which has a range of different meanings.\" In other words， the same word may have a set of different meanings. The different meanings indeed have connection with each other. From the connection， students can learn more new words from only one old word. The word hand， for instance：

1）keeping，possession： 2）ifluence or agency： 3）skill：

4. Homonymy

Homonymy is a term， which is used to refer to two or more words that have the same form but different meanings. That is homonyms are words different in meaning， but either identical both in sound and spelling， or identical only in spelling or sound.

arm [a：m]is a part of body，it can also refer to the weapon in the following sentence.

means to write down so that it will be knowen. For example：

sound n. — what is or may be heard.

sound adj. — in good condition.

sound v. — to measure the depth of.

5. Some Collocations

Many students think that vocabulary learning is to recite one of the meanings of a word， as a result，using words and phrases is mechnical，It is difficult to understand the translation. In fact， the vocabulary learning is not the single words of summation， vocabulary learning is also not only the acquistion of a single word. Words are active， words separated from contextual environment will be non-sense. Therefore， when teaching vocabulary ， teachers should not only teach phenetic， spelling and meanings of word， but more important also teach the collocation.

Ⅳ. Conclusion

Teachers should obey principle of vocabulary teaching， adopt flexible and effective teaching method. Not only should teachers teach the knowledge of English vocabulary ，but also pay attention to teaching the strategies of English vocabulary learning；cultivate the ability of self-study. With the joint effort of teachers and students，students can master English vocabulary effectively

Bibliography：

[1] Brown. Social psychology[M]. New York： Free Press，1965.

[3] Larsen-Freeman， Diane. Teachniques and principle in language teaching[M]. New York： Oxtford University Press， 1983.