摘 要:祈使句是英語語法教學中的重要組成部分,教師在教學時應將其作為重點講解。
關鍵詞:基本句型;語氣;主語;謂語1.祈使句表命令,請求,建議,勸告,叮囑,祝愿,厭煩或號召等意義
2.祈使句基本句型
(1)Do型,(以行為動詞原形開頭)Get out!
(2)Be型Be quiet!
(3)Let+賓語+do型Let him in,please.
(4)無動詞祈使句(多用于口號,告示等)
No parking!No smoking! No spitting!No litter!
3.祈使句的否定結構
(1)Don’t/Never+do Don’t make any noise!/ Never do that again!
(2)Let’s not do / Let sb not do / Don’t let sb do
Don’t let the children play by the river.
Let’s not play any more.
4.在祈使句的句首或句末加please,語氣更加緩和客氣,在祈使句動詞前加do或主語,是為了加強語氣或強調對誰發(fā)出指令
Do be careful! Tom,stand over there!Everyone, keep quiet!
5.祈使句的反義疑問句
祈使句是肯定,反義疑問句用will/won’t you?
祈使句是否定,反義疑問句用will you?
Let us開頭的祈使句的反義疑問句用will you?
Let’s 開頭的祈使句的反義疑問句用shall we?
6.祈使句表祝愿
May you have a good trip! Wish you a good trip!
7.下面例句的破折號相當于并列連詞and或起解釋、說明的作用,故前面應該是一個祈使句,而不是非謂語
Work harder——You will succeed.=If you work harder, you will succeed.
8.祈使句+and/or+主語+will do sth
名詞短語+and/or+ will do sth
Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.
One more word and I will knock you flat.
(作者單位 山西省孝義市第三中學)
?誗編輯 李建軍