ABSTRACTS

AMoralWorldGroundedonFreedom:Dialoguebetween“Philosophy”and“Religion”
YE Xiu-shan

Moral education grounds in rationality and freedom; therefore, it will stress not only cultivating the respect for empirical moral rules but also the consciousness of the necessary relationship between freedom and responsibility. Freedom surely means responsibility, and the world of responsibility must be a well-ordered “kingdom”.

TheConceptofūnyatāinBuddhistScriptureAgama
YAO Wei-qun

The Buddhist scriptureagamahas many early Buddhist ideas, of which ūnyatā is a key concept that is either directly or indirectly expressed. The analysis of ūnyatā inagamacan help reveal the formation of Buddhism, and has much positive significance for revealing its social role.

TheoryofRationalChoiceinthePerspectiveofPracticalApplicationandPhilosophicalExamination
ZHANG Qing-xiong

The theory of rational choice has recently become a rather popular research approach in Western social sciences. According to this theory, the choice of a rational person aims at the pursuit of utility-maximization. It uses mathematical models such as the game theory to achieve a certain degree of quantitative description and analysis of social phenomena, and makes prophecies more precise. Therefore its validity is capable of empirical testing in principle, which is considered the best in line with the norms of empirical science in comparison with other methodologies of social sciences. But this theory is also accused of a typical instrumental rationality, which is only concerned with how to use rational means to achieve their own goals, and is not concerned about whether these very goals are reasonable or not. This paper examines the theoretical framework and practical application of this theory and makes a commentary from a philosophical point of view.

FromHumblenesstoSublimity:LogicfromLacan’s"Object(little)a"
to?iek’s“theSublimeObjectofIdeology
LI Xi-xiang

“Object ( little) a" in Lacan’s psycho-analytic theory is a philosophical category proposed by Lacan in his later years of life and is closely related to ?iek’s “the sublime object of ideology” whose presentation in reality is “object ( little) a” or the embodiment of Lacan’s symbolic-real-imaginary orders. If the key to understanding Lacan’s philosophy is the understanding of “object ( little) a”, the logic from “object (little) a” to the sublime object is of crucial importance. “Object (little) a” is a ghost-like being and represents itself as a sublime object through the sublime position, the imaginary and duel deception. Through the examples like Antigonē, Jews in the fascist ideology and kings, ?iek explains clearly the generation process of the sublime object, which helps our understanding of Lacan’s psycho-analytic theory.

TranscendentalFoundationoftheSacredandtheSecular:OntheIdea
ofXING(Nature)inthePre-QinPeriod
ZHAO Guang-ming

It’s a significant revelation from Kant’s critique of aesthetic judgment as well as Georg Simmel’s religious philosophy influenced by Kant that the sacred and the secular are two different perspectives on the same life world, the foundation of which is embedded in the transcendental emotion. The same thoughts are found in Xing-Zi-Ming-Chu andTheDoctrineoftheMean. Xing (nature, human nature), as the transcendental and formal?arche?that makes experiential emotions possible and the human destiny(Tian-Ming) revealed, constitutes the core of both Confucianism and Taoist religious philosophy, whose nature is freedom.

ANewInterpretationofKong'sCommentaryonGuwenXiaojingasaPseudographBased
ontheCloseRelationshipbetweenKong'sCommentaryonGuwenXiaojingandGuanzi
LIU Zeng-guang

It is already a verdict thatKong'sCommentaryonGuwenXiaojingis a pseudograph. This paper tries to provide some new evidence to confirm this verdict. The evidence is that 50 percent of the content inKong'sCommentaryonGuwenXiaojingquoted Guanzi to interpret Xiaojing, but the domestic scholars are absolutely ignorant of this fact. With the new evidence, the paper concludes that this book was written by someone who lived in the Wei and Jin Dynasties rather than by Kong Anguo who lived in the Western Han Dynasty. Because of quoting Guanzi to interpret Xiaojing,Kong'sCommentaryonGuwenXiaojingis a mixture of some elements of Confucianism and Legalism. In some sense, this was a product of interpreting Xiaojing with Legalism. Understanding this close relationship betweenKong'sCommentaryonGuwenXiaojingand Guanzi would have great significance for reexamining the former’s role in the studies on Xiaojing.

CounterfactualProblems,ControlVariablesandText:ReflectionsonQualitativeStudy
LIU Lin-ping

The existence of counterfactual problems leads to the uncertainty of the causal relationship of a single case. Comparative study faces such challenges as control variables while qualitative study lacks the technical means for control variables. The findings of qualitative study are expressed in our daily language which (especially Chinese) is poetic in nature and vague in scientific expression. Thus, in the scientific perspective, qualitative study has some fatal defects, which is a dilemma in the empirical studies of social sciences.

AStudyoftheDevelopmentDilemmaofSomePoverty-strickenCollegeStudentsinChina
CAO Xiao-ou

This is a case study of some poverty-stricken college students in China in terms of such problems as academic progress, career planning, interpersonal relations, emotions and self-identity. Through an analysis of the causes of the above-mentioned problems, this research has found out five pairs of contradiction, that is, learning and livelihood, communication and consumption, self-esteem and inferiority, ideal and reality as well as diligence and speculation, and it finally has proposed some possible solutions.

TheoriesofSocialContract:SpinozaandHobbes
HUANG Qi-xiang

This paper is a comparative study on the theory of social contract of Spinoza and that of Hobbes. First, it distinguishes Spinoza’s ideas of natural right and natural law from those of Hobbes. Thereby it shows that this difference results in their different interpretations of natural state, which in turn makes Spinoza’s view of transferring right differ from that of Hobbes, and further leads them to favor different polities.

AnEssayonthePrinciplesofRousseau’sAnthropology
Pablo Muchnik; trans. LIN Quan

Against the impression that Rousseau is an eclectic thinker, this paper is an attempt to reconstruct the systematic core of his anthropology. First, I discuss the methodological starting-point. Second, I develop the structural framework required to make the concept of nature operative as an ideal within social contexts. Finally, I interpret Rousseau's genetic account in terms of this framework. Such a procedure allows me to solve two interpretative problems, the aporia of the origin of wickedness and the question of man's natural isolation. A twofold notion of logic is introduced to integrate the demands of history and structure, which overlap with those of freedom and necessity in Rousseau's thought. This organizes my argument in a mirror-like way. I call this undertaking an essay, for it is the endeavor to think what Rousseau must have thought in order to write what he wrote.

OnHumanEmotionandCorrespondingResponses
QI Zhi-xiang

Human emotion is a commonplace but its secrets are difficult to reveal. In human history, some people have denounced various kinds of emotion while others have greeted it with a hail for its positive functions. Contemporary China has also experienced the periods of suppressing or releasing emotion with corresponding social problems. This paper gives an incisive analysis of human emotion in terms of its nature, category, form, orientation as well as emotion-related responses.

DifferencesintheModeofThinkingbetweenSuShiandHuangTingjian:
ANewInterpretationoftheBasicDifferencesbetweentheTangPoetryandtheSongPoetry
XIE Yan

Both Su Shi and Huang Tingjian are representatives of the Song poetry in China, but their poems have obviously different essences and stances. Their poems differ greatly in content, form and style. Their differences find full expression in their different modes of thinking. Su Shi thinks highly of diachronic variation. As a result, his poems often contain dramatic changes. However, Hung Tingjian thinks highly of synchronic antithesis. As a result, his poems usually contain some special rhetoric methods. Su Shi’s thinking mode is similar to that of the Tang poetry, while Huang Tingjian’s is quite different. These differences reveal the basic distinction between the Tang poetry and the Song poetry. After all, the Tang poetry is superior to the Song poetry, while Su Shi is more outstanding than Huang Tingjian because diachronic variation is closer to the essential nature of language arts.

CooperationorObligationinthePerspectiveofAdministrativeCooperationObligation:
AStudyoftheRulesonPreparednessforandResponsetoEmergentPublicHealthHazards
LEI Juan

Administrative cooperation obligation is the obligation that administrative private parties shall do or avoid certain action in administrative activities based on the provisions of the laws and administrative targets. In addition, rules on preparedness for and response to emergent public health hazards impose corresponding administrative cooperation responsibilities on administrative private parties. The imposition mentioned above can not demonstrate its justification, nor get the natural justification only because the public interest is realized. Its justification is merely testified by the uncontrolled voluntary approval of administrative private parties with the theories of the process of administration and administrative legal relations as the tool of analysis. The corresponding suggestions of legal control are proposed through analyzing limitations of the rules on administrative cooperation obligations in the existing administrative rules and regulations on emergent public health hazards.

OntheAestheticValueofTourisminUrbanCulture
LIU Ming-yu

Urban culture embodies human culture and is a carrier of various kinds of human production and activity as well as a presentation of the development of human society. It has great aesthetic value and practical significance to develop the tourism of urban culture with its typical features and landscapes.