篇首語

篇首語

《世界建筑》的讀者朋友，

本期《世界建筑》刊登2013年秋開幕的奧斯陸建筑三年展。

奧斯陸建筑三年展（OAT）始于1998年，是北歐地區(qū)最大的建筑事件，在2013年已至第5屆。本屆展覽題為“綠色大門背后”，重點關(guān)注可持續(xù)性及其對建筑的影響。展覽匯集了來自200余個建筑事務(wù)所的600余個實物與實例作品，引導(dǎo)人們可持續(xù)性是如何在建筑項目的實踐與研討中被詮釋的，以及這種詮釋所營造的一種新的道德觀念。

挪威是北半球緯度最高的國家，也是斯堪的納維亞國家中最晚獲得現(xiàn)代意義上的民族獨立的國家。獨特的歷史與地理特點使這一土地上生活的人們對自然有著與眾不同的認(rèn)知：既非天然舒適的溫床，亦非人工征服的對象。從早期強(qiáng)悍的維金人，到后來匱乏的農(nóng)業(yè)社區(qū)，再到富有的現(xiàn)代挪威人，帶有充分的敬畏之心去感激自然的給予，以最有效的方式去利用資源維系自身的生存，并以此尋求與自然的共存，是一種不斷被延續(xù)的態(tài)度。有介于此，當(dāng)代世界的最重要的概念之一 ——“可持續(xù)發(fā)展”在30年前被這個國家的首相首次提出也就不足為怪了。

如果一提到“綠色”（不論它后面跟隨的是“建筑”、“城市”還是“人居”），您想到的首先是技術(shù)，那么，“綠色大門背后”展覽會出乎您的意料。展覽試圖向人們揭示的是，為了實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)的共同未來，技術(shù)與實證主義可能是必要的，但遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是最重要的。真正關(guān)鍵的問題在于態(tài)度，在于人性所必然承載的對自身生存與其環(huán)境間關(guān)系的反思，在于自然、舒適、工具、詩意、理想間的矛盾與碰撞。展覽通過建筑實例檔案、專題展陳以及歷史線索梳理等3種方法呈現(xiàn)了30余年來圍繞可持續(xù)性這一概念所形成的知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并以此為起始點，激發(fā)觀眾對可持續(xù)性形成自己的觀點與思考。

我們在此必須對策展人團(tuán)隊、比利時Rotor組年輕的策展人們致以全部可能的敬意。這一展覽對相關(guān)知識點進(jìn)行梳理的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)與完整程度不亞于一部小型百科全書的編制，是在巨大的智力與時間投入基礎(chǔ)上形成的。觀者如能以長時間的關(guān)注和深度的思考加以閱讀理解，必能獲得高度的心智滿足。與我們的時代里司空見慣的那些快餐式的、只能使我們變得愚蠢的展覽相比，這樣的展覽真是一劑良藥。

張利

《世界建筑》 主編（2013-）

清華大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院教授

Dear Reader,

In this issue of World Architecture we publish the Oslo Architecture Triennale 2013.

Initiated in 1998, the Oslo Architecture Triennale (OAT) is the biggest architectural event in the Nordic Region. Reaching its fifth edition in 2013, it focuses on sustainability and its impact on architecture this time, under a catchy title "Behind the Green Door". It brings people to the reflection on the interpretation of sustainability in architectural projects and rhetorics, and the new collective morality upon it.

Norway is the north-most country in the world. It is also the latest Scandinavian country to gain modern independence. Its unique historical and geographical feature has given the people living there a unique view on nature： nature is neither easy and comfortable, nor atrocious and untamable. From the mighty early Vikings to the diligent medieval farmers to the affluent contemporary Norwegians, the respect to Nature is kept. The notion of resource efficiency and the semiotic relationship with the environment are always embodied. It is therefore not surprising that one of the most influential term today, namely "sustainable development", was coined by a Norwegian prime minister some thirty years ago.

What comes to your mind when you hear the word "green"? If it is technology, then the OAT 2013 is bound to shake you. The exhibition tries to reveal that, despite the indispensability of technology to sustainable development, there are more important things to a sustainable future than mere technology： attitude, reflection on survival and environment, contradictory relationships among nature, comfort, tools, ideals and poetics. By displaying an archive of selected projects, a categorical study on a series of topics, and a timeline of shifting ideas, the exhibition weaves a web of knowledge formed in the last three decades. Taking it as a starting point, it invites the visitor to interpret and hypothesize for themselves.

We have to say Kudos to the young Belgian curator group Rotor. The undertaking of the curating work, particularly its coherent and complete sorting of the related knowledge, is nothing short of amazing. This is an exhibition that comes out of a massive investment of intelligence and time, and can be highly intellectually rewarding if the visitor is willing to put time and in-depth thinking in it. Today, we are so surrounded by fast-meallike, silly and cheerful exhibitions. An exhibition of such quality is simply healing, to say at least.

Li (Brian) Zhang

Editor-in-Chief (2013-), World Architecture

Professor of Architecture, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University