赫爾辛基海員中心，赫爾辛基，芬蘭

2012-07-27 03:00:04建筑設(shè)計ARK住宅建筑師事務(wù)所

世界建筑 2012年3期

建筑設(shè)計：ARK-住宅建筑師事務(wù)所

ARCHITECTS: ARK-house Architects

赫爾辛基海員中心的基地毗鄰烏薩里港口的入口，位于一塊待建場地的北端。這是整個港口區(qū)域中唯一融入了自然元素和形態(tài)的場地，這座建筑則成為區(qū)域內(nèi)唯一具有公共功能的建筑物。它是來自遠(yuǎn)方的海員們在這個港口的歇腳之處。

讓弱小與強(qiáng)大在此并存需要采取經(jīng)過謹(jǐn)慎思考的建筑策略。體量渺小的海員中心很容易被淹沒在以公頃為單位展開的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)倉庫、柏油路和集裝箱的海洋之中。為了與所處的環(huán)境構(gòu)成對比，設(shè)計師選擇采用一種柔軟而有機(jī)的形式語言和木結(jié)構(gòu)來設(shè)計這座建筑。建筑中引入的樹和巖石則表達(dá)了對于廣義上的文脈—這一區(qū)域被保存下來的山崗—的尊重。

這一設(shè)計的目的在于創(chuàng)造一種獨特的可識別性，以期當(dāng)海員們離開這里駛向遠(yuǎn)方時，對這里能留下些許奇異卻完全友好的積極記憶。全木結(jié)構(gòu)和建筑精煉的體量源于木制船只所激發(fā)的靈感，同時，這也是對基地自身所面臨的生態(tài)性挑戰(zhàn)做出的一個注解。這座建筑從物質(zhì)和精神兩方面滋養(yǎng)了來到這里的人們：它帶來了一個舒適安逸的氛圍以及咖啡、洗衣站和計算機(jī)。同等重要的是，人們可以在這個舒適的環(huán)境中同時體驗到親切感與新奇感。

這一項目的委托人是芬蘭海員協(xié)會和芬蘭海員勤務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)，兩者都具有很長的歷史并持續(xù)進(jìn)行著對于各國海員的支援活動。這座建筑非常小心地營造其恰當(dāng)?shù)淖诮谭諊?，以尊重來自世界各地具有不同的宗教和文化背景的來訪者。由于其超越了宗教派別的杰出設(shè)計，赫爾辛基所有的主教都同意參加赫爾辛基海員中心于2009年1月舉辦的開幕典禮?！酰ɡ瞽[ 譯）

2 總平面/Site plan

3 外景/Exterior view

The plot for the projected Helsinki Seafarers'Centre is situated by the main entrance to the Vuosaari harbour, on the northern corner of the area, and which is presently under construction. In practice the building location is the only point in the whole harbour area that contains any natural forms and elements. As the only public building in the area, its role is to serve as a place of respite;a small multipurpose building for the seamen that arrive at the harbour form afar.

The starting point in a David and Goliath juxtaposition has required a carefully considered architectural strategy. The infinitely small volume of the Seafarers' Centre was in danger of being completely dominated by the crushing hectare-sized steel warehouses, and the artificial landscape of tarmac fields and container seas.As a counter-point, a soft organic form language was chosen for the building, as well as a wood construction. The architecture of the building could be described as contextual in the wide sense of the word: the preserved hillock, with its trees and rocks, is an essential part of the architecture of the building.

The objective in the design of the building has been to create a unique identity, because in the best case scenario the distant traveller can take home a positive memory of something tantalizingly strange yet hospitable. The completely wooden structure and its compact shape are a homage to the building tradition based on the purposefulness of wooden ships and the aesthetics that spring form it, as well as a comment on the ecological challenges of the present. The premises offer both physical and spiritual nourishment:the spiritual word and composure, coffee, a laundry and computers. Particularly important are the cosy atmosphere and the simultaneous experience of familiarity and newness.

The commissioners behind the project are the Finnish Seamen's Mission and the Finnish Seamen's Service, both of which have long traditions and an international history of supporting seafarers.The denominational aspect is brought out in a sensitive way, respectful of the religion and cultural background of each visitor. In the ecumenical spirit,all the bishops of Helsinki have agreed to honour the inauguration of the Helsinki Seafarers' Centre with their presence in January 2009. □(Pentti Kareoja)

4 鳥瞰/Aerial view

5 模型/Model

6 外景/Exterior view

7 平面/Floor plan 1－入口/Entrance 2－門廳/Lobby 3－大廳/Hall 4－商店/Shop 5－廚房/Kitchen 6－圖書室/Library 7－辦公室/Office 8－儲藏室/Storage 9－衛(wèi)生間/Toilet 10－洗衣房/Laundry 11－更衣室/Changing room 12－淋浴/Shower 13－桑拿房/Sauna 14－機(jī)械房/Mechanical space 15－平臺/Terrace