高考英語復習沖刺階段調控策略

同學們經過近一年的緊張復習，各方面漸趨“成熟”，進入“收獲”階段?？墒?，“成熟”不等于“收獲”。那么，在高考沖刺階段，怎樣進行科學合理的安排調控，才能在高考中有令人欣喜的收獲呢？

一、聽力訓練調控策略

考試的第一項就是聽力，聽力做得滿意了，對后面的試題會更加充滿自信。

因此，在沖刺階段，高度重視聽力的“應試訓練”，要“少而精”。最好的聽力材料是歷年高考真題。必須強調的是，在使用真題聽力材料時，不要急于“做題”，要把材料先泛聽3到4遍，之后再按高考要求做題。

完成批改后，再聽一遍。不要急于看聽力原材料 (tape script)。在聽了4、5遍之后，還聽不出，這時再仔細研究原文，效果最好。這就是反復“磨題”，目的是找到高考聽力的感覺，做到考前“知彼”。對“精聽”過的高考真題，平時最好再進行多遍“泛聽”，直至考前。對做錯的試題分析研究之后，找出具體原因，是語法問題？是詞匯問題？是口語習語問題？是說話人 (speaker) 的語氣問題？是自身的心態(tài)問題？等等。查出確切原因，真切領悟到提高高考英文聽力的真諦。這是以少勝多，由“聽”(listening) 產生“力”(comprehension) 的有效方法。

二、語言知識運用調控策略

語言知識，特別是語法，不要再進行大量“模擬”，需進入“領悟聯想”階段。

比如，冠詞

(1) In order to find better job， he decided to study second foreign language.

(2) The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have third one because second one is rather too small.

A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a

領悟聯想：序數詞與不定冠詞連用，其意為“又一，再一”的意思，語氣上強化了。

(1) 為了找到好一點的工作，“又”學了一門外語，所以答案為A。

(2) 蛋糕太好吃了，他還想“再”吃一塊，因為“第二”塊太小了，所以答案是C。

進而聯想其他冠詞用法，比如，形容詞比較級不加 the，但是，當表示兩者中特指的，要加the。比如：He is the taller of the two boys.

時態(tài)語態(tài)

(1) Actually， Tom in the library every night over the last decades.

(2) Pass the interview or fulfill the qualifications and Tom in the company presently..

A. works B. will work C. has been working D. worked

領悟聯想：over the last decades用現在完成時或現在完成進行時。再如so far，和句型It is the third (second， fourth…) time that…用現在完成時，(1) 答案為C。(2) 是固定句型：祈使句+ and +陳述句，所以答案為B。

主謂一致

(1) The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.

(2) A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

領悟聯想：one third “形式上”是單數，但所指復數意義，再注意前后時態(tài)。所以 (1) 答案為D，(2) 一位詩人藝術家，注意觀察冠詞，如果是a poet and an artist 就是兩人。在聯系后面的時間狀語，得出答案為A。需要注意的是，由and連接的兩個名詞，其前面有each，every 或no修飾時，謂語動詞用單數。比如every boy and every girl，no boy and no girl，each boy and each girl。

非謂語動詞

(1) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.

(2) to sunlight for too much time frequently， your skin will be harmed.

A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. To expose

領悟聯想：分析句子結構知，(1) 中謂語動詞will do前為主語部分，再根據邏輯含義，應是動名詞的被動式做主語，所以選C 為正確答案，句意是“長時間暴露于陽光中對皮膚有害”。(2) 句意“經常長時間暴露于陽光中，你的皮膚會受到傷害。”C. Being exposed 做狀語時，表示正在進行，邏輯含義不通，再注意frequently這個副詞，所以選A為正確答案。

復合句

(1) —Where did you meet him?

—It was in the hotel _____I was staying.

(2) —Where did you meet him?

—It was in the hotel ______ I met him.

A. that B. when C. where D. which

領悟聯想：(1) 答案為C。where 引導定語從句修飾hotel。句意“你是在哪里遇到他的？”，“是在我住的賓館里”。如不注意對話的邏輯意義，理解為強調句型，句意則是“你是在哪里遇到他的？”， “我是住在賓館里的”。此乃前言不搭后語了！(2)答案為A 是強調句型。句意“你是在哪里遇到他的？”，“是在賓館里遇到他的”。

三、完形填空與閱讀理解調控策略

在高考復習中，同學們一直處于“被動”做題的狀態(tài)，高考沖刺階段為何不能“主動”當一回“命題人”呢！要變平素的“被動”為“主動”，主動出擊，深入領悟命題特點。你會有一種豁然開朗的感覺，更重要的是，一種自信在心里悄然產生。

下面一篇文章，信息量大，邏輯性強，即思維力度很大。是一篇很好的命制完形填空的材料。請你先欣賞全文，再認真觀察黑體字部分。

As societies develop， their members start to see things not so much according to what they need， but according to what they want. When people have enough money， these wants become demands.

Now， it’s important for the managers in a company to understand what their customers want if they are going to develop effective marketing strategies（策略）. There are various ways of doing this. One way at supermarkets， for example， is to interview customers while they are doing their shopping. They can be asked what they prefer to buy and then the results of the research can be studied. This provides information on which to base future marketing strategies. It’s also quite normal for top managers from department stores to spend a day or two each month visiting stores and mixing freely with the public， as if they were ordinary customers， to get an idea of how customers act.

Another way to get information from customers is to give them something. For example， some fast food restaurants give away tickets in magazines or on the street that permit customers to get part of their meal for nothing. As well as being a good way of attracting customers into the restaurants to spend their money， it also allows the managers to get a feel for where to attract customers and which age-groups to attract.

Another strategy used at some well-known parks such as Disneyland is for top managers to spend at least one day in their work， touring the park dressed as Mickey Mouse or something like that. This provides them with a perfect chance to examine the scene and watch the customers without being noticed.

你可在黑體字部分“挖空”。為什么選這些詞作為命題對象？因為一旦挖空命題，考生做題時，只有通過上下文的邏輯“語意”，通過“瞻前顧后”，才能推敲出“最佳答案”。

以上15個“空”，你可試著這樣命題：

1. A. pursue B. appreciate C. want D. determine

2 A. accomplishB. achieve C .fulfill D. develop

3. A. ways B. commercials C. advantages D. opportunities

4. A. however B. on the other hand C. for example D. in addition

5. A. experiment B. exploration C. research D. conversation

6. A. release B. convey C. alter D. base

7. A. normal B. definite C. influential D. convenient

8. A. associating B. communicating C. mixing D. cooperating

9. A. managers B. customers C. researchers D. investigators

10. A. give up B. sell C give awayD. advertise

11. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing

12. A. companies B. restaurants C. supermarkets D. department stores

13. A. universal B. specific C. well-known D. global

14. A. taste B. idea C. concept D. chance

15. A. being noticed B. being conveyed C. being examined D. being offended

就全文再進行閱讀理解賞析，感悟完形填空與閱讀理解的關系。

1. The text is designed for _____.

A. managers B. salesmen C. researchers D customers

2. Which of the following can help managers get useful information?

A. Visiting customers themselves.

B. Giving customers free food on the street.

C. Visiting parks as ordinary customers

D. Asking customers questions at supermarkets

3. What does the word “this” underlined in the last sentence refer to?

A. Visiting Disneyland B. Wearing attractive clothes

C. Acting Mickey Mouse D. Dressing up and walking around

4. The main idea of the text is ______.

A. how to do market research

B. how to develop marketing strategies

C. how to find out customers’ social needs

D. how to encourage customers to spend more money.

閱讀理解題解析：1. A 2. D 3. D 4. A。第4題為推理判斷題，要從文體結構入手，就簡單多了。文體結構：第一段講，隨著社會發(fā)展，需求關系的演變。注意觀察第二段第一句；It is important for the managers in a company…marketing strategies. 再聯系第三段開頭 Another way…，和最后一段開頭Another strategy… 通過這樣的對文體結構的觀察分析，很容易得出本文主題：怎樣做好市場調查。

通過完形填空與閱讀理解一體化訓練，你能領悟到：從某種程度來講，如果說閱讀理解題是對全文“粗略的理解”的話，那么完形填空題，就是對全文邏輯意義“精細的推敲”。

四、翻譯與寫作調控策略

上海高考題中有翻譯題型。翻譯是提高語言運用能力的好題型。所以，即使沒有翻譯題型的其他省市的考生，在復習中，特別在高考沖刺階段，也要把翻譯與寫作相結合，進行“一體化”訓練，進而領悟思維方法，提高語言表達能力和寫作水平。下面以一篇上海高考作文真題為例加以說明。

某網站對高中生的交流方式進行了一次調查，結果如圖表所示。請簡要描述圖表，

結合你的實際，談談你的看法。

請先翻譯下列各句：

1. 圖表表明，中學生通過發(fā)短信聯系的比例相當高。

2. 這是常見的社會現象，發(fā)短信或電子郵件方便。

3. 在另一方面，這些通訊方式高效，接發(fā)信息用不了多長時間。

4. 寫信是傳統的交流方式，似乎有點過時了。

5. 調查反映了當代社會的特點，人們更喜歡方便與高效。

翻譯后，進行巧妙“整合”，形成下面參考范文

第一段（簡述）

As the chart indicates， the proportion of the high school students who contact each other by sending a short message and by E-mail is absolutely high， while other communicating means， such as by writing a letter are relatively minor.

第二段（看法）

Personally speaking， this social phenomenon persuades us to take the following two aspects into consideration. Firstly， wherever and whenever we are， sending messages or email is convenient， for a mobile phone is portable. On the other hand， these communicating means are efficient， for it almost takes no time to send or receive a message. If I have to contact somebody， for example， I often choose to use my cell phone or computer. Writing a letter is a traditional way to get in touch with each other， which seems to be out of fashion.

第三段（小結）

No doubt， this survey reflects the feature of the modern times that people including high school students prefer to enjoy such convenience and efficiency brought about by high technology. (163 words)

另外，在沖刺階段，多背誦典型作文范文，尤以歷年高考作文真題為好，分析領悟審題思路，語言表達技巧，做到“死記活用”，并多進行模仿寫作訓練。