“Ｔｈｅｒｅ?。猓宓倪^(guò)去時(shí)與將來(lái)時(shí)”教學(xué)紀(jì)實(shí)

張　晶

情境一:播放薩克斯曲《回家》,引出“家”的話題:20年前,我生活在農(nóng)村,我的家綠樹環(huán)繞,盡管很小,但很美。向?qū)W生展示自己家的照片。學(xué)生被生動(dòng)的畫面吸引,仔細(xì)觀察圖片。面對(duì)老師的過(guò)去,學(xué)生都很興奮,想看看過(guò)去老師的家是什么樣的。

T:Heres a piece of music,listen and then answer my questions,OK?

T:We know it very well. While listening,do you feel relaxed?

T: Can you tell me the name of the music?

S: Go home.

T: This is a piece of beautiful music. While listening to it,we will remind of home. Do you love your home? So do I. Twenty years ago I lived in the country with my family. We had a big house with a garden. Look! It was so beautiful. Do you want to visit it?

情境二:通過(guò)上文所討論的問(wèn)題,引出我20年前的家。讓學(xué)生通過(guò)幻燈片觀察我兒時(shí)的房間,然后引出本節(jié)課的教學(xué)重點(diǎn):There be 句型的過(guò)去時(shí)。讓學(xué)生在真實(shí)的語(yǔ)境下品味該句式特點(diǎn),并總結(jié)出句式的結(jié)構(gòu)、意義。同時(shí),通過(guò)幻燈片提問(wèn),讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行該句式的肯定、否定和疑問(wèn)三種形式之間的“變臉”訓(xùn)練。學(xué)生不可能整節(jié)課都保持緊張的狀態(tài),所以適當(dāng)?shù)卮┎灞荣?、游?可以緩解學(xué)生的情緒。課堂上有問(wèn)有答有爭(zhēng)論,比賽內(nèi)容是復(fù)習(xí)前面所學(xué)的知識(shí),將句子變成否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊問(wèn)句。這種訓(xùn)練形式,為學(xué)生提供了足夠的機(jī)會(huì)。

T: Yes. There was a clock next to the wall. There was a plant near the bed. There was a computer on the table. There was a bookcase near the wall. There were some balls in the room. There were two pencils on the bed. There were two pictures on the wall. There were two tables in the room.

In these sentences,we all use the structure about “there be” in the simple past tense. Today well go on to learn “there be” sentence structure. Lets see how to use it in the simple past tense and the simple future tense.

變臉一: Negative sentence

There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其他句型一樣,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副詞,no為形容詞,not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n。

變臉二: General sentence

There be句型的一般疑問(wèn)句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首,再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可。但要注意:當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí),要將其改為any(否定變化也一樣)。

變臉三: Special question

There be句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化:

① Underline the subject:when the subject is someone,we can use “Who was+介詞短語(yǔ)?”when the subject is something,we can use “What was+ the preposition phrase(介詞短語(yǔ))?”Attention:No matter the subject is single or plural,we could only question with “is”.

② Underline the place:We can use“Where was / were +subject?” to question.

③ Underline the number,there are two forms.

How many+ n (pl)+ were there+ the preposition phrase?

How much+ uncountable noun + was there+ the preposition phrase?

情境三:我把話題轉(zhuǎn)到現(xiàn)在的生活:“10年前,我來(lái)到牡丹江工作,現(xiàn)在我結(jié)婚了,有了自己的家(多媒體展示家庭照片)。我的家雖精心設(shè)計(jì),但隨著時(shí)間的流逝,它已不是我的最愛。我很渴望擁有一個(gè)“理想”的家(多媒體展示理想的家的照片)。有屬于自己的書房、寬敞的客廳、舒適的臥室、廚房及洗手間?！比缓笪翌I(lǐng)著學(xué)生走進(jìn)各個(gè)房間,引出本節(jié)課的另一個(gè)教學(xué)重點(diǎn):There be 句型將來(lái)時(shí)。通過(guò)形象性、富有感染力的情境,學(xué)生直觀地去體會(huì)語(yǔ)言。通過(guò)模擬情境讓學(xué)生在真實(shí)的語(yǔ)境下品味該句式結(jié)構(gòu)并總結(jié)出句式的意義。

T: As you know,I left my hometown many years ago. Now I married. I have my own house. Look,there are so many things in it. I dont like it at all. And the color of the room is too dark,so if I have a chance,I want to buy a new house. I often imagine my ideal room. There will be more rooms in it. There will be a bedroom,a living room,a study and a kitchen in my house. I will buy many things. There will be a new computer in the study. There will be a new bed in my bedroom. There will be many books in the bookcase...look at my ideal house please,what will there be in the house? Guess what there will be in my bedroom,kitchen,study and living room?

定義: 在將來(lái)某段時(shí)間,某處有某物或有某人。

There be 句式將來(lái)時(shí)的主要結(jié)構(gòu):

1. There will be +主語(yǔ)(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(為介詞短語(yǔ))。

任務(wù):伴隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展和你的成長(zhǎng),你對(duì)自己未來(lái)的房間有什么暢想嗎?談?wù)撘幌伦约阂郧暗姆块g并設(shè)計(jì)一下自己理想的房間吧。這一任務(wù)突出“there be”句式的過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)的應(yīng)用。

T: Introduce the room in the past,and then talk about your ideal room in the future.

記憶竅門:

Chant:

There be句型有特點(diǎn),主語(yǔ)放在be后邊,

多個(gè)主語(yǔ)并列時(shí),be隨最近主語(yǔ)變。

變疑問(wèn)很簡(jiǎn)單,把be/will提到there前。

變否定也不難,be/will的后面not添。

肯定句中用some, 疑問(wèn)、否定any換。

介詞短語(yǔ)表地點(diǎn),“有”表“存在”記心間。