1. [課本原文]They are about 10 feet long and they weigh about 1,000 pounds. 它們大約有10英尺長,1,000磅重。
[點拔](1)英語中長、寬、高等的表達方式可用“數(shù)字+量詞(復(fù)數(shù))+long/wide/high…”結(jié)構(gòu),它可作表語,也可作后置定語。例如:
The street is about 200 metres long, 3 metres wide. 那條街大約有200米長,3米寬。
His father is 6 feet tall. 他爸爸身高6英尺。
This figure is 20 metres high.=This is a figure 20 metres high. 這是一座20米高的像。
(2)長、寬、高還可用復(fù)合形容詞,即“數(shù)字+量詞(單數(shù))+long/wide/high…”表達,中間為連字符,常用作前置定語。例如:
This is a 20-metre-high building. 這是一座20米高的樓。
She is a six-year-old girl. 她是個6歲大的女孩。
[考例] This is a ____ river and that river is ____.
A. 200-metre-long; 400 metre longB. 200-metre-long; 400 metres long
C. 200-metres-long; 400 metres longD. 200 metres long; 400-metre-long
[解析]B 第一空作前置定語,故應(yīng)用復(fù)合形容詞形式;第二空作表語,應(yīng)用“數(shù)詞+量詞(復(fù)數(shù))+long”形式,故選B。句意為:這是條200米長的河,那條河長400米。
2. [課本原文]We’re trying to save the manatees. 我們正設(shè)法拯救海牛。
[點拔]try to do sth.意為“盡力做某事”。例如:
He tried to pass the exam, but failed. 他努力爭取考試及格,可惜沒成功。
He tried to get the work done with little help.
他盡量在沒有什么幫助的情況下完成工作。
[注意]try doing sth.意為“試著做……”,表示試著做某件事情,看看會發(fā)生什么情況。例如:
I tried sending her flowers but it didn’t have any effect.
我試著給她送花,然而沒什么結(jié)果。
[相關(guān)鏈接]
try to do與manage to do:
try to do意為“設(shè)法去做”,不一定做成,manage to do則表示“設(shè)法做而且做成”。例如:
He managed to pass the examination.=He succeeded in passing the examination.
他成功地通過了考試。
[考例]——I usually go home by ship.
——Why not ____ by air for a change?
A. trying to goB. trying goingC. try going D. try to go
[解析]C why not后接動詞原形,意為“為什么不……”,可排除A、B兩項;try to do意為“努力做某事”,try doing意為“試著做某事”,很顯然,本題的意思是建議乘飛機試試,故C為正確答案。
3. [課本原文]…and I have never seen one I liked or one that was suitable for animals to live in. ……沒有見過一個我喜歡或者適合的動物生活的地方。
[[點拔]be suitable for意為“適合于,適宜”,指適合于某人的身份、地位、年齡,合乎時宜的言語、行動及適宜于某種環(huán)境或用途等。指“人”時有時也可用to代替for。例如:
This kind of book is suitable for children. 這類書適合兒童看。
Is she suitable for the work? 她適合于這項工作嗎?
This is a suitable place for a picnic. 這是一個適合野餐的地方。
[相關(guān)鏈接](1)be fit for意為“適合,適宜”,表示因具有自然的品格而使之適合于某一目的或用途。例如:
The manager is not fit for his position. 這位經(jīng)理不稱職。
(2)指適合某一目的、用途時,be fit for可與be suitable for互換;be fit后可接不定式,即be fit to do sth.; be suitable后一般不接不定式。例如:
I don’t think she’s really fit/suitable for the job. 我認(rèn)為她實在不適合這工作。
[考例]He said that the work was not suitable ____ me.
A. inB. forC. at D. with
[解析]B “適合于,適宜”應(yīng)說be suitable for,故選D。句意為:他說這項工作對我不合適。
4. [課本原文]Ifwe don’t support our zoos, they won’t have enough money to take care of so many fine animals. 如果沒有人支持我們的動物園,那就沒有足夠的資金用來照料這些動物了。
[點拔](1)support作動詞,意為“支持,支撐,忍受,證實,幫助,支持,維持”等。例如:
I can’t support the pains. 我不能忍受這種痛苦。
Which football team do you support? 你支持哪個足球隊?
He promised to support her with 10,000 yuan. 他答應(yīng)贊助她一萬元。
[相關(guān)鏈接]
support和raise, feed, keep
(1)raise意為“撫養(yǎng),飼養(yǎng),種植”。
(2)keep意為“養(yǎng)活(此時與support同義,但support不用于飼養(yǎng)動物),飼養(yǎng)”。
(3)feed意為“喂養(yǎng),飼養(yǎng),以……為食物”。
(2)take care of意為“照顧,照料”,相當(dāng)于look after, of和after都是介詞,其后接名詞或代詞作賓語?!昂芎玫卣疹櫋睉?yīng)說take good care of或look after…well。例如:
Please take care of the baby for me. 請?zhí)嫖艺湛匆幌潞⒆印?/p>
Take care of the baby while I’m out. 我出去時,請你照顧孩子。
Li Ping isn’t at school. He is taking care of his mother in hospital.
李平?jīng)]有來上學(xué),他正在照顧住院的媽媽。
[考例1]That man works twelve hours a day to ____ his large family.
A. supportB. keepC. feedD. B and D
[解析]A feed意為“喂養(yǎng)”;keep“養(yǎng)活,飼養(yǎng)”;support“養(yǎng)活,維持生活”;當(dāng)“養(yǎng)活”講support與keep同義,但support不用于指飼養(yǎng)動物,因此正確答案為A。句意為:為了養(yǎng)活一大家人,那個人一天工作12小時。
[[考例2]選出與句子中劃線部分意義最接近的一項
There is little time left. Could you run your eyes over my report quickly?
A. look throughB. look atC. look forD. look out
[解析]A 句意為:幾乎沒有時間了,你能迅速瀏覽一下我的報告嗎?look through“瀏覽”;look at“看……”;look for“尋找”;look out“當(dāng)心”。
5. [課本原文]…,you think zoos are not good for animals. ……,你們認(rèn)為動物園并不適合動物。
[點拔]be good for意為“有益于……,對……有用,對……有好處”;其反義短語為be bad for,意為“對……有害處”,其后一般接名詞或代詞。例如:
Doing morning exercises is good for you. 做早操對你有好處。
Eating too much is bad for you. 吃得太多對你沒有好處。
[相關(guān)鏈接]
do sb. good對某人有好處; be good to sb.對某人態(tài)度好;對……和善; be good at擅于;在……方面好
[考例]Smoking is really not good ____ one’s health.
A. forB. to C. withD. by
[解析]A be good后不接with或by,而跟to與for意思不同,be good to sb.意為“對某人態(tài)度好”;be good for sb.意為“對某人有好處”。由句意“吸煙對健康沒有好處。”可知應(yīng)選A。
6. [課本原文]I feel that zoos provide clean and safe places for endangered animals to live. 我覺得動物園能給那些瀕臨滅絕的動物提供干凈和安全的生活環(huán)境。
[點拔](1)本句是一賓語從句,在從句中動詞provide前省略了should;這是一種特殊的虛擬語氣。特殊虛擬是在一些特殊的名詞性從句中構(gòu)成sb. (should) do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2)這些詞包括: suggest(建議); order(命令); insist(堅持要求); require(要求); advise(建議); request(請求); propose(建議); demand(要求); feel(感覺)等。例如:
He insisted that we (should) hand in our compositions at once.
他堅持要我們立刻交作文。
I suggest we set off right away. 我建議我們馬上動身。
They demanded that the students (should) learn a second language.
他們要求學(xué)生們要學(xué)第二外語。
(3)形容詞necessary, strange, important, natural等作表語的主語從句,即It is necessary…It is important…等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句用(should) do…形式。
(4)“should+動詞原形”或直接用動詞原形,省略should。在現(xiàn)代英語中,特別是在新聞文件、外文文件、提案等及口語中后一種形式比較普遍。美國人也比較愛用后一種形式,用前一種形式的人越來越少了。例如:
The PLA men ordered that all the enemies (should) give up.
解放軍戰(zhàn)士們命令所有的敵人都投降。
It is important that we (should) be on time for the meeting. 開會守時是很重要的。
[考例]The teacher is very strict with us. He requests that every student ____ class.
A. be not late for B. is not late forC. don’t be late forD. not be late for
[解析]D request意為“要求,請求”,后面的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣,即“should+動詞原形”, should常省略。且從句用的是否定形式,因此可判斷(should) not be late for正確,故選D。句意為:老師對我們要求很嚴(yán)格,他要求我們每個學(xué)生都不應(yīng)遲到。