預(yù)測高考——高三１－４單元待考考點分析

俞江濤

縱觀近兩年湖北高考題，在10個單選題中，考查名詞、動詞、動詞短語、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語或介詞固定表達(dá)至少各有一題，其中考查動詞、動詞短語、形容詞的題目分別不超過3個(動詞和動詞短語合計不超過5個)，考查名詞、副詞的題目不超過2個，考查介詞短語的題目最多為一個。2008年湖北高考卷中單選部分的10個小題中對動詞的考查就達(dá)到了5個之多。這對我們2009屆高三學(xué)生的復(fù)習(xí)備考有一定的啟發(fā)和指導(dǎo)。筆者結(jié)合自己多年高三的教學(xué)實踐對2009高考作一淺薄的預(yù)測，以期能對同學(xué)們有所幫助。

1.After talking to his friends，he concluded that a book which answered such questions might be popular.(Page3)

【考點定位】 conclude的用法

【預(yù)測分析】 conclude作為動詞的意義“結(jié)果”易被學(xué)生忽略，應(yīng)特別注意此常見詞的生僻但又重要的義項；另外應(yīng)特別注意conclude的同根名詞短語的豐富搭配及其意義。

【歸納突破】conclude vt.& vi.結(jié)束，使……終止，終止；下結(jié)論，斷定；訂立，決定 make a conclusion下結(jié)論；bring ...to a conclusion使……結(jié)束；in conclusion最后，總之；arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論，告一段落；to conclude總而言之；最后

【高考練兵】

1) She______ from that her grandmother did not like her.

A.concluded B.included

C.decided D.referred

2)______，Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying in your beautiful country.

A.To conclude B.To be concluded

C.In the conclusion D.As conclusion

2.Instead，the editors of the book set down the records and keep track of them in other ways.(Page3)

【考點定位】 set短語的用法

【預(yù)測分析】動詞短語也是高考考查的重點。可能在單選、完形填空或完成句子中來進(jìn)行考查，注意在熟記其基本用法和句型的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合語境作出正確的解答。

【歸納突破】 set down記下，寫下；set apart使與眾不同，留出，拔出(時間金錢等)，使分離(分開)；set about doing sth.著手干某事；set aside留出，拔出(時間金錢等)，使分離(分開)；set back推遲，延緩，阻礙；set fire to ...放火燒……；set ...free把……釋放；set off起身(for)；開始干(to do sth.)；set out出發(fā)，動身，開始，著手；set up創(chuàng)立，建立，開業(yè)，開始經(jīng)商；set sail to/from/for起航

【高考練兵】

1) Having decideded to rent a flat，we ______contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.

A.set about B.set down

C.set out D.set up

2) Its ten years since the scientist______ on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical.

A.made for B.set out

C.took off D.turned up

3) Try to______ at least half an hour each day for learning new vocabulary，and youll know more words.

A.take up B.set aside

C.put away D.go about

4) The manager told the assistants to______ all the customers names and addresses.

A.set out B.set about

C.set up D.set down

5) Jack______ writing a novel last month，but I wonder if he has finished it.

A.set back B.set out

C.set down D.set about

3.The records are put into different categories.(Page3)

【考點定位】 put短語

【預(yù)測分析】 put短語極為常見，可能在單選、完形填空或湖北卷完成句子中來進(jìn)行考查，注意在熟記其基本用法和句型的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合語境作出正確的解答。

【歸納突破】 put into把……譯成………，把……放進(jìn)，投身于；put away把……收起來，放好；put back把(鐘、表)撥慢，推遲，阻礙；put down放下，撲滅，平息，寫下，記下；put forward提出；put ...into prison把……送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄；put off推遲，拖延，延期；put on穿上，戴上，演出，上演；put out熄滅，困擾，廣播，出版，發(fā)布；put through(把電話)接通，做成、完成(一項工作)；put up舉起，掛起，張貼，建造，搭起；put up to縱容，鼓動，教唆；put up with忍耐，容忍(討厭的人或事物)

【高考練兵】

1) They failed the experiment a second time because some of the conditions were not__ ______account.

A.put on B.put off

C.put up D.put into

2) The employee couldnt______ the pressure of the work，so he chose to leave the company.

A.get rid of B.put up with

C.keep away from D.make up for

3) The teacher told the class to______ their books.

A.put away B.put by

C.put on D.put up

4) Weve invited Mr.and Mrs.Brown to dinner，but well have to______ because the baby is sick.

A.put it off B.get it off

C.set it off D.leave it off

4.Ask him about his achievements，how he prepares for the records and what he thinks makes him a good tightrope walker.(Page3)

【考點定位】 make + 賓語(+ 賓補(bǔ))

【預(yù)測分析】 是學(xué)生常見的內(nèi)容，但也易犯錯。make作為“成為”的義項。

【歸納突破】(1)sb.makes + 職業(yè)名詞；(2)sb.makes + sb.+ 職業(yè)名詞；(3)在“make + 賓語(+ 賓補(bǔ))”結(jié)構(gòu)中，作賓補(bǔ)的除可用名詞外，還常用形容詞、過去分詞、不定式(省去to)、it結(jié)構(gòu)等。

【高考練兵】

1) Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to______ a good researcher.

A.make B.turn

C.get D.grow

2) Because of my poor English，Im afraid I cant make myself______.

A.understand B.to understand

C.understanding D.understood

3) To my surprise，all of my classmates ______of my class.

A.makes him monitor

B.made him monitor__

C.made him the monitor

D.made him as monitor

5.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrongs struggle against disease.__(Page4)

【考點定位】 as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句

【預(yù)測分析】是倒裝句的一種重要形式，在單選、完成句子中都可能考到，書面表達(dá)中也可能用到此句式。

【歸納突破】(1)形容詞 + as + 主語 + be或其他系動詞。如：Clever as he is，he doesnt study well.(2)名詞 + as + 主語 + be或其他系動詞。如： Child as she is，she can answer such difficult questions.(3)過去分詞 + as + 主語 + be + by。 如：Beaten as he was by his mother，he did not hate her.(4)副詞 + as + 主語 + 謂語動詞。如：Fast as he ran，...(5)動詞 + as + 主語 + 情態(tài)動詞。如：Come as he can，he will not be able to help you out.

【高考練兵】

1)______，Tom talks a lot about his favourite pop singers after class.

A.A quiet student as he may be

B.Quiet student as he may be

C.Be a quiet student as he may

D.Quiet as he may be a student

2)______，Jane couldnt get the door open.

A.Try as she might B.As she might try

C.She might as try D.Might she as try

3)______，I have never seen anyone who is as capable as John.

A.As long as I have travelled

B.Now that I have travelled so much

C.Much as I have travelled

D.As I have travelled so much

6.However，long before that brave merchants were the real explorers of the Western Ocean.(Page12)

【考點定位】 before的用法

【預(yù)測分析】before在不同句式不有不同意義，都是備考的重點。

【歸納突破】①表示“還沒來得及……就……”。如：(高一U4 reading) However，before she could think twice，the water was upon her.②在“It + be + 時間段 + before從句”中，意為“……之后才……”。如：It is 16 years before we meet again.③在“It + be + 否定形式 + long + before從句”中，意為“不久就……”。如：It was not long before we meet again.

【高考練兵】

1) Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up______ I could answer the phone.

A.as B.since

C.until D.before

2) The roof fell______ he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.

A.after B.as

C.before D.until

3) Mary came to America in 2000，and it wasnt long______ she became an American citizen.

A.while B.before

C.since D.when

7.The Arabic contacts with the Africa coast led to the next meeting between Africans and a Chinese.(Page12)

【考點定位】 to作介詞

【預(yù)測分析】 to作介詞是學(xué)生的難點之一?？赡軙趩芜x和完形填空中得以體現(xiàn)，要能區(qū)分to到底是介詞還是不定式符號，要把常見的to作介詞的詞組記住。

【歸納突破】(1) lead to導(dǎo)致；通向(to是介詞)；(2) to為介詞的動詞短語，在高考中經(jīng)?？嫉?，常見的有refer to(談到；提及；參考)；look forward to (期望；期盼)；pay attention to (注意)；devote to (貢獻(xiàn)時間、精力等于……)；contribute to (為…作貢獻(xiàn))；stick to (堅持)；be related to (與……有關(guān))；be used to(習(xí)慣于)；draw ones attention to(注意……)；object to(反對)；get down to(開始做……)；take to(開始從事于……)；see to(負(fù)責(zé)；處理；照料)；get close to(接近于)

【高考練兵】

1) Mr Read made up his mind to devote all he had to______ some schools for poor children.

A.set up B.setting up

C.have set up D.having set up

2) —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? —The key______ the problem is to meet the demand______ by the customers.

A.to solving；making

B.to solving；made______

C.to solve；making

D.to solve；made

3) She looks forward every spring to______ the flower-lined garden.

A.visit B.paying a visit

C.walk in D.walking in

4) She devoted all her life______.

A.to serve for the people

B.to serve the people

C.to serving the people

D.to serving for the people

8.It is well known that Africa had contacts with India and the Red Sea civilizations from the earliest times.(Page12)

【考點定位】 it作形式主語的句型

【預(yù)測分析】 此句型是老師講得較多，學(xué)生也很熟悉的句型，因此更應(yīng)掌握好。在單選、完成句子中都可能考到，書面表達(dá)中也可能用到此句式。熟記它的用法，在平時的寫作訓(xùn)練中有意識地運(yùn)用一下。

【歸納突破】(1)It + be + 形容詞 + that clause；(2) It + be + 名詞詞組 + that-clause；__(3) It + be + 過去分詞 + that-clause；(4)It + be (seem，happen，appear) + that-clause。

【高考練兵】

1) He hasnt slept at all for three days. ______he is tired out.

A.There is no point B.There is no need

C.It is no wonder D.It is no way

2) The Foreign Minister said，“______our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”

A.This is B.There is

C.That is D.It is

3) In fact______ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

A.this B.that

C.there D.it

4) Everyone knows that______ is dangerous to play with fire，but______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.

A.it；it B.what；what

C.it；what D.what；it

5)______ in the regulations that you should not tell the other people the password of your e-mail account.

A.What is required B.What required

C.It is required D.It required

9.Apart from the cold，thin air and low oxygen levels can cause mountain sickness ...(Page16)

【考點定位】表“除……之外”意義的辨析

【預(yù)測分析】 高考對介詞的考查多依據(jù)語境來進(jìn)行，學(xué)習(xí)這樣一組易混詞(組)也應(yīng)依托語境，多記及理解典型例句。

【歸納突破】(1) apart from除……都；除……外(還)；(2) besides除……之外還有(包括所排除部分)；(3) except除……之外(用于排除同類事物)；(4) except for除……之外(對主要部分進(jìn)行肯定，對局部進(jìn)行否定)；(5)except that/when/where除……之外。

【高考練兵】

1)______ the cost，the dress doesnt suit me.

A.Except B.Except for

C.Apart from D.Besides

2)______ Diana，another ten students failed in the English examination.

A.Beside B.Apart from

C.Except D.Rather than

3) I admired my classmate Lisa very much. ______her prettiness，she was smart and helpful.

A.Except for B.But for

C.Apart from D.In spite of

10.On their return they were praised as national heroes.(Page17)

【考點定位】 on/upon + 名詞/動名詞

【預(yù)測分析】 on/upon + 名詞/動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)是一種常用的結(jié)構(gòu)，可能在單選、完形填空或完成句子和書面表達(dá)中進(jìn)行考查。

【歸納突破】 on/upon + 名詞/動名詞，在句中作狀語，意為“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于as soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。arrival，entrance，return等名詞常用于這一句型。

【高考練兵】

1)______ his return from Beijing，he began his research work.

A.When B.During

C.On D.At

2) The boys stood up______ the entrance of the head teacher.

A.when B.on C.at D.while

3)______ reading the letter，he was pleased ______me that he would leave for Japan the next day.

A.With；telling B.With；to tell

C.On；telling D.On；to tell

11.In the early twentieth century，Australia resembled the USA of the eighteenth century： it was a “new world”society.(Page22)

【考點定位】 動詞resemble的用法

【預(yù)測分析】 此詞匯為四級考試熱點詞匯，目前高考尚未考查，但極有可能以詞義辨析形式出現(xiàn)。

【歸納突破】 resemble像，類似(不用進(jìn)行時和被動語態(tài))

【高考練兵】

1) She______ her sister in appearance but not in character.

A.looks B.compares

C.resembles D.equals

2) All the people in the village have black hair.They all______ each other.

A.resemble as B.resemble with

C.resemble D.resemble from

3) She______ her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.

A.likes B.seems

C.resembles D.equals

12.While some of the Aboriginal languages have been lost，people are trying hard to protect and record what is left.(Page23)

【考點定位】 從屬連詞while的典型用法

【預(yù)測分析】 while是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中的難點之一，要牢固掌握其用法及其與as，when的區(qū)別。

【歸納突破】 (1) while表示從句的動作與主句同時發(fā)生，并且有延續(xù)的含義，因此，該從句所用的謂語動詞常常是延續(xù)性的；(2) while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然，盡管”，相當(dāng)于although的意思，多置于句首；(3) while表示對比、比較，意思為“而、卻、反之”，引出并列分句；(4)while 表示條件，相當(dāng)于as long as，意為“只要”，多置于句首。

【高考練兵】

1)______ I am willing to go，I would like it better that you went.

A.Before B.As C.If D.While

2) I have no money to spend，______ you have nothing to spend money on.

A.before B.as C.when D.while

3)______ you stay with us，we will have a good time.

A.For B.Until C.While D.As

4)______ I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person.

A.While B.Since

C.Before D.Unless

13.In 1768，the Royal Navy appointed James Cook as the commander of the Endeavour to take members of the Royal Society on an expedition to Tahiti.(Page31)

【考點定位】 appoint的用法

【預(yù)測分析】

【歸納突破】 appoint vt.任命；委派；約定；appointment n.約會；安排 appoint sb.任命某人；appoint sb.as/to be…任命某人擔(dān)任；appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事

【高考練兵】

1) He has been______ to the State Supreme Court in California.

A.determined B.chosen

C.appointed D.assumed

2) We must______ a new teacher at once to the mountain school.

A.appreciate B.appoint

C.appeal D.approach

3) Would it be possible to make an early ______to have my hair cut tomorrow?

A.appointment B.arrangement

C.employment D.engagement

4) Alice never thought the manager would ______her to be in charge of the sales department.

A.make B.have

C.appoint D.suggest ★