because,as,since,for都可以表示原因,但是其含義和用法不同,請同學們注意它們之間用法上的區(qū)別。
because 表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因為”,語氣最強。引導原因狀語從句時,常用于句子中間,位于句首時,要用逗號隔開。單獨成句時,通常用來回答why所提出的問題。例如:
1. I like my parrot because it can sing. 因為鸚鵡會唱歌,所以我喜歡它。
2. Pandas are my favorite animals because they’re very cute.因為熊貓很可愛,所以它們是我最喜愛的動物。
3. —Why do you like giraffes?— Because they are very interesting. “你為什么喜歡長頸鹿?”“因為它們很有趣?!?/p>
漢語中,表示因果關系時用關聯(lián)詞“因為……所以……”搭配;而英語中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:
Nick caught a bad cold yesterday, so he had to stay at home.
Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday, he had to stay at home.
尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不呆在家里。
because 可以與of連用,構成介詞短語 because of,后跟名詞、代詞或短語表示理由、原因。例如:
He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。
The match was put off because of the bad weather. 比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。
since 表達明顯的或已知的理由,意思是“既然”。since 引導的從句常用于句首,語氣不如because強,但是比as語氣強。引導的從句位于句子末尾時,可以作為補充說明。例如:
1. Since everybody is here, let’s begin. 既然大家都到了,那我們就開始吧。
2. Since you don’t want to go there, I won’t force you to. 既然你不想去,我也不勉強你。
3. I’ll go to ask someone else, since you have no time. 既然你沒有時間,我就去找別人。
as 表示理由時,意思是“由于”,引導原因狀語從句時,主、從句并重,主句說明原因,從句說明結果,相當于since,但是語氣不如since。例如:
1. As it was late, I left in a hurry. 因為天色已晚,我就匆忙離開了。
2. As I’m very busy, I can’t go with you. 我很忙,所以我不能和你一起去。
for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語中,意思是“因為”。for連接的句子一般不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號分開。例如:
1. I must be away for a week, for I’ll go to Shanghai. 我要離開一個星期,因為我要去上海。
2. He must be at home, for the light in the room is on. 他一定在家,因為房間里的燈亮著。
3. I’m late for class for I got up late. 我上學遲到是因為我起床遲了。
鞏固練習:
一、選擇適當?shù)脑~或詞組填空(可以重復使用):
becausesinceasbecause offor
1. He can’t read the English text _______ it is too difficult.
2. _______ you are busy, I shall do the job myself.
3._______ the weather is cold and wet, you’d better put on your coat.
4. My friends are all interested in the concert _______ the singer star.
5. It is morning, _______ the birds are singing.
二、根據(jù)漢語提示,完成句子:
1. He didn’t come ______________(因為他病了).
2. _____________________(因為你得了重感冒),you must stay in bed and drink much hot water.
3. _____________________(因為雨下得很大),we had to stay at home.
4. I was very nervous _____________________(因為昨天的考試).
5. It must have rained in the night ,______________ (因為我看見地面潮濕了).
Keys:
一、1. because2. Since / As3. Since / As4. because of5. for
二、1. because he was ill2. Since/ As you have a bad cold3. As / Since it was raining hard4. because of the exam yesterday5. for I saw the ground wet