八年級下Ｕｎｉｔｓ１—５同步誤用評析

楊苗苗

Unit 1

1.probably她大概會諒解你，并設(shè)法幫助你。

誤：She probably will understand and try to help you.

正：She will probably understand and try to help you.

析：probably“或許、大概、可能”，表示把握性很大的事情，可位于句首或位于系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞之后，行為動詞之前。

2.less/fewer她花在讀課文上的時間比我少。

誤：She spent fewer time reading the text than I did.

正：She spent less time reading the text than I did.

析：fewer和less都是比較級，表示“更少、較少”，但fewer只可修飾可數(shù)名詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞用less。

3.be able to癌癥使他活不了多久。

誤：He cannot be able to live long for his cancer.

正：He was not able to live long for his cancer.

析：be able to do sth.其否定形式為 be not able to do sth.在英語中沒有cannot be able to do這個結(jié)構(gòu)。

4.even妻子很生氣，甚至叫我滾出去。

誤：My wife got very angry even she told me to get out of the house.

正：My wife got very angry, and she even told me to get out of the

house.

析：even作副詞，可用于表示意外的詞語前加強(qiáng)語氣，但不能連接句子，一般位于行為動詞之前或系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞之后。

5.seem我好像感冒了。

誤：I look like have caught a cold.

正：I seem to have caught a cold.

析：seem是說話人心里的感覺“好像、似乎”，后一般接形容詞/動詞不定式/從句。look like著重表示由視覺得出的印象，后面一般接名詞/動名詞，但不能接動詞不定式。

6.impossible這不可能，是嗎？

誤：It is impossible, is it?

正：It is impossible, isnt it?

析：若陳述部分含有否定前綴如：im-, un-, in-, dis-等派生詞，仍作為肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，因此附加疑問句用否定式。

Unit 2

7.surprise他的去世令我們很吃驚。

誤：His death was surprising to us all.

正：His death surprised us all.

析：surprise是及物動詞，表示“令……吃驚”，可以直接跟賓語。

8.either這兒有兩枝鋼筆，使哪個都可以。

誤：Here are two pens; you may use any of them.

正：Here are two pens; you may use either of them.

析：any指三者或三者以上之中的任一個，either指兩者中的任一個。

9.complain她對食品大為不滿。

誤：She complained the food.

正：She complained about(of) the food.

析：complain作“抱怨”講時，是不及物動詞，其后可以接about或of，表示“抱怨……”。

10.fail姐姐沒有準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)。

誤：My sister failed arriving on time.

正：My sister failed to arrive on time.

析：fail to do sth.表示“沒有做某事、沒有能夠做某事”，fail后不可接動名詞。

11.fit你媽媽適合這項(xiàng)新工作嗎？

誤：Does your mother fit the new job?

正：Does the new job fit your mother?

析：fit作“適合”講時，主語通常是物。

12.send她去度假時會寄給你賀卡的。

誤：She will send a postcard for you while she is away on holiday.

正：She will send a postcard to you while she is away on holiday.

正：She will send you a postcard while she is away on holiday.

析：send“發(fā)送（電報(bào)等）、寄（信、包裹等）”為及物動詞，當(dāng)send接雙賓語時，間接賓語用介詞to引出，不用for，也可省略介詞用send sb. sth.。

Unit 3

13.experience我在上海期間有許多有趣的經(jīng)歷。

誤：I had a lot of interesting experience during my stay in Shanghai.

正：I had a lot of interesting experiences during my stay in Shanghai.

析：experience作“經(jīng)歷”解時，是可數(shù)名詞，作“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”解時為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。

14.while聽到這個消息，他們高興得跳起來。

誤：While they heard the news they jumped with joy.

正：When they heard the news they jumped with joy.

析：連接詞while連接延續(xù)性動詞（進(jìn)行狀態(tài)）， hear是一個瞬間動詞，故只能用when（當(dāng)……時候）連接。

15.anywhere你想去哪兒就可以去哪兒。

誤：You can go to anywhere you like.

正：You can go anywhere you like.

析：anywhere “任何地方、某地”是副詞，因此其前不可加介詞to，in等。

16.follow我將跟隨他進(jìn)公園。

誤：I shall follow him to go into the park.

正：I shall follow him into the park.

析：follow him into the park跟著他進(jìn)公園，誤句中follow后再加to go意思上就重復(fù)了。

17.jump當(dāng)火車正在移動時，他跳了下來。

誤：He jumped off from the train when it was moving.

正：He jumped off the train when it was moving.

析：跳離是jump off，off是介詞，其后可直接接賓語，無需再加from。

18.shout不要對我大喊大叫！

誤：Dont shout to me!

正：Dont shout at me!

析：shout at“沖……吼叫”，含有氣憤的意思，主語往往帶有惡意的目的。shout to“對著……喊叫”，是中性短語，只是陳述一個事實(shí)，不含感情色彩。

19.kill她要?dú)⑺滥敲I賊，但他沒死，逃掉了。

誤：She killed the robber, but he didnt die and ran away.

正：She tried to kill the robber, but he didnt die and ran away.

析：kill的意思是put to death，一旦kill就沒有生命了，誤句中的意思前后矛盾，既然沒殺死，只能用try to kill（試圖殺死）。

Unit 4

20.suppose我想他不會出席這個會議。

誤：I suppose that he will not attend the meeting.

正：I dont suppose that he will attend the meeting.

析：若含賓語從句的復(fù)合句，主句含有I suppose/think/believe/guess時，從句的否定意義應(yīng)在主句上變化，從句無需變化。

21.ever他們曾經(jīng)在同一所學(xué)校讀書。

誤：They ever studied in the same school.

正：They once studied in the same school.

析：表示“曾經(jīng)”，在肯定句中用once，在疑問句/否定句/條件句中用ever。

22.copy她把這些單詞抄寫到自己的書上了。

誤：She copied up the words into her book.

正：She copied down the words into her book.

析：copy作“抄寫”時，后跟介詞 down，不是up。

23.own我親眼看見的。

誤：I saw it with own eyes.

正：I saw it with my own eyes.

析：own不能單獨(dú)使用，只能用在所有格的后面，加強(qiáng)語氣。

24.danger這位女孩有雙目失明的危險(xiǎn)。

誤：The girl is in a danger of becoming blind.

誤：The girl is in the danger of becoming blind.

正：The girl is in danger of becoming blind.

析：in danger of意思是“處于……危險(xiǎn)之中”，其中danger前不用a/the修飾。

Unit 5

25.against全世界人民都反對美帝國主義。

誤：People all over the world against U.S. imperialism.

正：People all over the world are against U.S. imperialism.

析：against“反對”是介詞，誤句中誤用作動詞了。

26.chance我有到巴黎訪問的機(jī)會。

誤：I have the chance visit Paris.

正：I have the chance of visiting Paris.

析：chance “機(jī)會”，后可接to do sth.或of doing sth.或for sth.,不可直接接動詞。

27.explain她給我們解釋了這一理論。

誤：She explained us the theory.

正：She explained the theory to us.

析：explain sth. to sb.“給某人解釋某事”，explain后不可接雙賓語。

28.tonight今晚我將見她。

誤：I shall meet her this night.

正：I shall meet her tonight.

析：今晚用tonight或this evening，不說this night。

29.improve我想讓你把那件作品改得更好些。

誤：I want you to improve in that piece of work.

正：I want you to improve on that piece of work.

析：improve作及物動詞“改善、改進(jìn)”，當(dāng)表示“做出比……更好的東西”，用improve on…，此時improve是不及物動詞。