摘要:目的研究老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者血清Spexin、縫隙連接蛋白1(Pannexin1)表達水平與糖脂代謝和胰島素抵抗水平的相關(guān)性。方法選取118例老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者,對照組為同期在本院進行治療的103例老年糖尿病非白內(nèi)障患者。采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(ELISA)檢測各組血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平;檢測糖代謝相關(guān)指標(biāo):空腹血糖(FPG)和糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c);脂代謝相關(guān)指標(biāo):三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C);胰島素抵抗相關(guān)指標(biāo):空腹胰島素(FINS),計算胰島素敏感性指數(shù)(ISI)、胰島素抵抗指數(shù)(HOMA-IR)、胰島β細胞功能指數(shù)(HOMA-β);采用Pearson法對血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平與糖脂代謝以及胰島素抵抗指標(biāo)進行相關(guān)性分析;受試者工作特征(ROC)曲線評估血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平以及二者聯(lián)合對老年糖尿病患者發(fā)生白內(nèi)障的預(yù)測價值。結(jié)果觀察組Spexin水平較對照組降低,Pannexin1水平較對照組升高(P<0.01)。觀察組TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR較對照組升高,HDL-C、ISI、HOMA-β水平較對照組降低(P<0.01)。Pearson相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者血清Spexin水平與ISI、HOMA-β呈正相關(guān),與TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P<0.05);血清Pannexin1與ISI、HOMA-β呈負(fù)相關(guān),與TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05);均與HDL-C不具有相關(guān)性(P>0.05)。血清Spexin、Pannexin1二者聯(lián)合預(yù)測老年糖尿病患者發(fā)生白內(nèi)障優(yōu)于血清Spexin和Pannexin1單獨評估(Z二者聯(lián)合-Spexin=3.220、Z二者聯(lián)-Pannexin1=4.838,均P<0.001)。結(jié)論老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者血清Spexin表達降低、Pannexin1表達升高,且與糖脂代謝和胰島素抵抗存在一定的相關(guān)性。
關(guān)鍵詞:糖尿?。话變?nèi)障;胰島素抵抗;Spexin;縫隙連接蛋白1;糖脂代謝;老年人
中圖分類號:R776.1文獻標(biāo)志碼:A DOI:10.11958/20240821
Clinical significance of expression levels of serum Spexin and Pannexin 1 inelderly patients with diabetic cataract
ZHANG Xinqiao1,LI Xing1,ZHANG Huiqin1,CHEN Haiting1,LIU Mingyuan2
1 Department of Ophthalmology,2 Department of Anesthesiology,Cangzhou Central Hospital,Cangzhou 061000,China
Abstract:Objective To study the correlation between expression levels of serum Spexin and Pannexin 1 protein,glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in elderly patients with diabetic cataract.Methods A total of 118 elderly diabetic cataract patients were selected as the case group,and 103 elderly diabetic non-cataract patients were selected as the control group who were treated in the same hospital during the same period.Serum levels of Spexin and Pannexin1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Fasting blood glucose(FPG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)were measured.Lipid metabolism related indicators including triacylglycerol(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),total cholesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were detected in two groups of patients.Insulin resistance related indexes:fasting insulin(FINS),insulin sensitivity index(ISI),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)and islet beta cell function index(HOMA-β)were also detected.The correlation between serum Spexin and Pannexin1 levels,glucolipid metabolism and ISI was detected by Pearson method.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to assess the predictive value of serum Spexin and Pannexin1 levels and their combination in the development of cataract in elderly diabetic patients.Results The level of Spexin was lower in the observation group than that in the control group,and the level of Pannexin1 was higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).Levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,F(xiàn)PG,HbA1c,F(xiàn)INS and HOMA-IR of the observation group increased compared with the control group,while HDL-C,ISI and HOMA-βlevels decreased compared with the control group(P<0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed thatserum Spexin level was positively correlated with ISI and HOMA-β,and negatively correlated with TG,TC,LDL-C,F(xiàn)PG,HbA1c,F(xiàn)INS and HOMA-IR in elderly patients with diabetic cataract(P<0.05).Serum Pannexin1 was negatively correlated with ISI and HOMA-β,and positively correlated with TG,TC,LDL-C,F(xiàn)PG,HbA1c,F(xiàn)INS and HOMA-IR(Plt;0.05).There was no correlation between the above indexes and HDL-C(P>0.05).The combination of both serum Spexin and Pannexin1 predicted the development of cataracts in elderly diabetic patients was better than serum Spexin and Pannexin1 assessed individually(Z both combination-Spexin=3.220,P=0.001,Z both combination-Pannexin1=4.838,P<0.001).Conclusion In elderly patients with diabetic cataract,the expression of serum Spexin decreases and the expression of Pannexin1 increases,and they have acertain correlation with glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance
Key words:diabetes mellitus;cataract;insulin resistance;Spexin;Pannexin 1;glycolipid metabolism;aged
糖尿病是一種由多種原因造成的代謝紊亂疾病,主要表現(xiàn)為脂代謝以及糖代謝紊亂[1]。糖尿病可引發(fā)較多并發(fā)癥,最常見的眼部并發(fā)癥為白內(nèi)障,又稱糖尿病性白內(nèi)障[2];根據(jù)其不同的狀態(tài)特征,可以表現(xiàn)出遠視或者近視的癥狀,當(dāng)血糖水平較高時會出現(xiàn)雙眼混濁,表現(xiàn)為近視,而血糖水平較低時則出現(xiàn)遠視[3]。當(dāng)糖尿病患者長期處于高血糖狀態(tài)時,可造成代謝紊亂,引發(fā)晶狀體混濁,對視力造成一定影響[4]。2009年由Sonmez等[5]篩選并鑒定出的一種具有多種功能的多肽——Spexin,其位于12號染色體上。Spexin是一種新型的脂肪因子,參與糖尿病的病理過程[6]。Spexin可分別作為內(nèi)分泌信號和神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)在體內(nèi)的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)和中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮一定的生物學(xué)作用[7]??p隙連接蛋白1(Pannexin1)位于38號染色體上,屬于跨膜通道蛋白家族。已有相關(guān)研究報道,Pannexin1在胰島β細胞的分泌過程中發(fā)揮重要作用,且參與機體的糖脂代謝等生物學(xué)過程[8]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Pannexin1參與多種疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程,如創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷[9]、急性缺血性腦卒中[10]等。目前,Spexin、Pannexin1與老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者糖脂代謝和胰島素抵抗的關(guān)系還不明確,因此,本研究主要探討老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者血清Spexin、Pannexin1的表達水平及與糖脂代謝和胰島素抵抗水平的相關(guān)性,以期為老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障早期臨床診斷及治療提供一定的參考價值。
1對象與方法
1.1研究對象選取2021年12月—2023年7月滄州市中心醫(yī)院收治的118例老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者為觀察組,按病情進展情況分為初始期27例,腫脹期29例,成熟期35例,過熟期27例;按類型分為皮質(zhì)性47例,核性39例,囊膜下性32例。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)有明確的糖尿病病史。(2)白內(nèi)障符合診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[11]。(3)年齡≥60歲。(4)單眼病變。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)眼部存在外傷。(2)患傳染性疾病。(3)有眼部感染。不同年限糖尿病病史眼部狀態(tài)見圖1。對照組為同期在本院進行治療的103例老年糖尿病非白內(nèi)障患者,年齡≥60歲。2組均不存在其他眼部疾病及糖尿病其他并發(fā)癥,2組間一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見表1。由本團隊對全部患者進行診斷并獲得患者或家屬知情同意。本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理委員會審核批準(zhǔn)[倫理號:2021-152-02(Z)]。
1.2方法采集2組患者空腹靜脈血5 mL,3 000 r/min離心10 min,棄沉淀,上清液保存于-80℃冰箱備用。分別應(yīng)用Spexin酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(ELISA)試劑盒(南京卡米洛生物工程有限公司)和Pannexin1 ELISA試劑盒(上海撫生實業(yè)有限公司)檢測血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平,操作按照試劑盒說明進行。糖代謝相關(guān)指標(biāo)檢測:采用血糖檢測儀(北京安騰醫(yī)療器械有限公司)檢測空腹血糖(FPG),采用高效液相法檢測糖化血紅蛋白(HbA1c);采用全自動生化分析儀(山東高芯生物傳感器研究院有限公司)檢測脂代謝相關(guān)指標(biāo):三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、總膽固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C);胰島素抵抗相關(guān)指標(biāo)檢測:采用ELISA試劑盒(上海美軒生物科技有限公司)檢測空腹胰島素(fasting serum lisulin,F(xiàn)INS)水平,并利用公式[12]計算胰島素敏感性指數(shù)(ISI)、胰島素抵抗指數(shù)(HOMA-IR)、胰島β細胞功能指數(shù)(HOMA-β)。
1.3統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法采用SPSS 25.0軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)分析。計量資料用x±s表示,2組間比較用t檢驗;計數(shù)資料以例或例(%)表示,組間比較行χ2檢驗;血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平與糖脂代謝、胰島素抵抗相關(guān)指標(biāo)等相關(guān)性分析用Pearson法;血清Spexin、Pannexin1以及二者聯(lián)合對老年糖尿病患者發(fā)生白內(nèi)障的預(yù)測價值用受試者工作特征(ROC)曲線評估。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1 2組血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平比較觀察組Spexin水平較對照組降低,Pannexin1水平較對照組升高(P<0.01),見表2。
2.2 2組糖脂代謝相關(guān)指標(biāo)比較觀察組TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS較對照組升高,HDL-C水平較對照組降低(P<0.01),見表3。
2.3 2組胰島素抵抗相關(guān)指標(biāo)比較觀察組ISI、HOMA-β較對照組降低,HOMA-IR較對照組升高(P<0.01)。見表4。
2.4血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平與糖脂代謝、胰島素抵抗指標(biāo)的相關(guān)性老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者血清Spexin水平與ISI、HOMA-β呈正相關(guān),與TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈負(fù)相關(guān)(P<0.05);血清Pannexin1與ISI、HOMA-β呈負(fù)相關(guān),與TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05);二者與HDL-C均無相關(guān)性(P>0.05)。見表5。
2.5血清Spexin、Pannexin1對老年糖尿病患者發(fā)生白內(nèi)障的預(yù)測價值血清Spexin和Pannexin1聯(lián)合預(yù)測老年糖尿病患者發(fā)生白內(nèi)障的價值優(yōu)于兩指標(biāo)單獨預(yù)測(Z二者聯(lián)合-Spexin=3.220,P=0.001、Z二者聯(lián)合-Pannexin1=4.838,P<0.001)。見表6、圖2。
3討論
白內(nèi)障在全球致盲原因中排首位,約半數(shù)白內(nèi)障患者有致盲的可能。隨著糖尿病人數(shù)的不斷增加,老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障的發(fā)病率也呈現(xiàn)增長的趨勢[13]。已有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)患者長期處于高血糖狀態(tài)時,葡萄糖無法轉(zhuǎn)化成6-磷酸葡萄糖,會造成葡萄糖的大量積累,進而向山梨醇發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)化,由于山梨醇不能透過晶狀體的囊膜而大量堆積在晶狀體內(nèi),造成晶狀體滲透壓改變、晶狀體腫脹變性以及出現(xiàn)混濁,形成老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障[14-15]。
在2型糖尿病患者中存在糖脂代謝異常和胰島素抵抗等現(xiàn)象,對患者的治療以及預(yù)后造成一定影響[16]。在糖尿病的病理過程以及糖脂代謝中,脂肪因子發(fā)揮了一定的作用[6]。Spexin參與血糖、血脂代謝的調(diào)控以及胰島素的分泌過程,在糖尿病患者中,血清Spexin水平顯著降低,其主要通過與甘丙肽受體2結(jié)合來調(diào)節(jié)與糖脂代謝以及與胰島素相關(guān)的通路,從而發(fā)揮調(diào)節(jié)血糖作用[17-19]。Celik等[20]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Spexin在糖尿病性白內(nèi)障伴隨視網(wǎng)膜病變以及不伴隨視網(wǎng)膜病變患者中發(fā)揮重要作用。Pannexin1主要分布在細胞膜上,在一些物質(zhì)交換中發(fā)揮重要作用,如鈉離子交換[21]。Beyer等[22]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Pannexin1參與白內(nèi)障的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程。本研究結(jié)果顯示,觀察組Spexin水平較對照組降低,Pannexin1水平較對照組升高,提示血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平與老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障的發(fā)生發(fā)展有關(guān)。不同的指標(biāo)可反映糖脂代謝狀態(tài),如FPG、HbA1c可以反映糖代謝狀態(tài),TG、TC、LDL-C可以反映脂代謝狀態(tài)[23]。FINS可以反映人體機能在空腹?fàn)顟B(tài)下的胰島素水平,HOMA-IR可以評估人體機能對胰島素的敏感程度[24]。本研究中,觀察組TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR較對照組升高,HDL-C、ISI、HOMA-β水平較對照組降低,表明在老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者體內(nèi)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了糖脂代謝異常及胰島素抵抗等現(xiàn)象。
本研究探究了血清Spexin和Pannexin1水平與糖脂代謝以及胰島素抵抗的關(guān)系,結(jié)果顯示,老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者血清Spexin水平與ISI、HOMA-β呈正相關(guān),與TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR呈負(fù)相關(guān);血清Pannexin1與上述指標(biāo)的關(guān)系與Spexin相反,提示Spexin和Pannexin1水平變化參與老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障的發(fā)生發(fā)展過程。本研究進一步分析了血清Spexin、Pannexin1水平以及二者聯(lián)合對老年糖尿病患者發(fā)生白內(nèi)障的預(yù)測價值,結(jié)果表明該兩指標(biāo)對白內(nèi)障的預(yù)測均具有較高的價值,且兩者聯(lián)合預(yù)測價值更高。
綜上所述,在老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者中,血清Spexin水平降低、Pannexin1水平升高,且二者均與糖脂代謝以及胰島素抵抗具有一定的相關(guān)性,可以為臨床上老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障的診療以及胰島素抵抗?fàn)顟B(tài)提供一定的參考價值。但本研究仍存在不足之處,如樣本量相對較少,且樣本來源比較單一,后續(xù)會進一步擴大樣本量并增加來源以深入研究。
參考文獻
[1]鄒涵,劉霞,胡曉霞,等.金合歡素調(diào)節(jié)IRS-1/PI3K/AKT信號通路對糖尿病大鼠胰島素抵抗的影響[J].檢驗醫(yī)學(xué)與臨床,2024,21(13):1927-1932.ZOU H,LIU X,HU X X,et al.Effect of acacetin on insulin resistance in diabetic rats by regulating IRS-1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway[J].Lab Med Clin,2024,21(13):1927-1932.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9455.2024.13.021.
[2]崔琳琳.應(yīng)用綜合護理干預(yù)對老年糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者術(shù)后的影響分析[J].糖尿病新世界,2020,23(17):8-10.CUI L L.Analysis of the influence of comprehensive nursing intervention on postoperative diabetic cataract patients[J].Diabetes New World,2020,23(17):8-10.doi:10.16658/j.cnki.1672-4062.2020.17.008.
[3]于妮仙,薛端端.糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者超聲乳化聯(lián)合人工晶狀體植入術(shù)后黃斑水腫發(fā)生的影響因素[J].微創(chuàng)醫(yī)學(xué),2021,16(6):767-769,801.YU N X,XUE D D.Influencing factors for the occurrence of macular edema after phacoemulsification combined with implantation of artificial lens in patients with diabetic cataract[J].Journal of Minimally Invasive Medicine,2021,16(6):767-769,801.doi:10.11864/j.issn.1673.2021.06.07.
[4]何添川,羅頌輝.糖尿病性白內(nèi)障采用乳化超聲吸除術(shù)聯(lián)合人工晶狀體植入治療對患者炎癥因子、氧化應(yīng)激反應(yīng)和血液流變學(xué)的影響[J].糖尿病新世界,2022,25(1):180-183.HE T C,LUO S H.Effect of emulsification ultrasonic aspiration combined with intraocular lens implantation for diabetic cataract on patients′inflammatory factors,oxidative stress response and hemorheology[J].Diabetes New World,2022,25(1):180-183.doi:10.16658/j.cnki.1672-4062.2022.01.180.
[5]SONMEZ K,ZAVERI N T,KERMAN I A,et al.Evolutionary sequence modeling for discovery of peptide hormones[J].PLoS Comput Biol,2009,5(1):e1000258.doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000258.
[6]王肇.血清Spexin,Irisin和NRG4水平在妊娠期糖尿病患者腎功能損傷中的診斷價值[J].檢驗醫(yī)學(xué)與臨床,2022,19(1):2695-2698.WANG Z.Diagnostic value of serum Spexin,Irisin and NRG4 levels in renal impairment in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus[J].Lab Med Clin,2022,19(1):2695-2698.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9455.2022.19.027.
[7]SASSEK M,KOLODZIEJSKI P A,SZCZEPANKIEWICZ D,et al.Spexin in the physiology of pancreatic islets-mutual interactions with insulin[J].Endocrine,2019,63(3):513-519.doi:10.1007/s12020-018-1766-2.
[8]TOZZI M,LARSEN A T,LANGE S C,et al.The P2X7 receptor and pannexin-1 are involved in glucose-induced autocrine regulation inβ-cells[J].Sci Rep,2018,8(1):8926.doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27281-9.
[9]NI B K,CAI J Y,LIN Q,et al.Evaluation of serum pannexin-1 as a prognostic biomarker for traumatic brain injury[J].Clin Chim Acta,2019,488(1):159-164.doi:10.1016/j.cca.2018.11.015.
[10]辛家厚,楊玲玲,俞明明,等.急性缺血性腦卒中患者血清Pannexin1水平變化及其與病情嚴(yán)重程度和預(yù)后的關(guān)系[J].中風(fēng)與神經(jīng)疾病雜志,2021,38(3):209-212.XIN J H,YANG L L,YU M M,et al.Levels of serum Pannexin1 in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its association with severity and prognosis[J].J Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases,2021,38(3):209-212.doi:10.19845/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2021.0053.
[11]中華醫(yī)學(xué)會糖尿病學(xué)分會視網(wǎng)膜病變學(xué)組.糖尿病相關(guān)眼病防治多學(xué)科中國專家共識(2021年版)[J].中華糖尿病雜志,2021,13(11):1026-1042.Diabetic Retinopathy Group of Chinese Diabetes Society.Chinese multidisciplinary expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of diabetic eye disease(2021 edition)[J].Chinese Journal of Diabetes,2021,13(11):1026-1042.doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115791-20211006-00534.
[12]王煒,葉山東,錢立庭,等.新診斷2型糖尿病患者血清維生素D與胰島素抵抗及胰島β細胞功能的相關(guān)性研究[J].中國糖尿病雜志,2018,26(10):16-20.WANG W,YE S D,QIAN L T,et al.Relationship between serum vitamin D and insulin resistance and islet beta cell function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Chin J Diabetes,2018,26(10):16-20.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6187.2018.10.003.
[13]趙晟,陳筑,張坤,等.糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者抗氧化指標(biāo)及血管內(nèi)皮生長抑制因子、血管內(nèi)皮生長因子的水平變化[J].中國衛(wèi)生檢驗雜志,2019,29(4):453-455.ZHAO S,CHEN Z,ZHANG K,et al.Changes of antioxidant index,VEGI and VEGF levels in diabetic cataract patients[J].Chin J Health Lab Tec,2019,29(4):453-455.
[14]PANOZZO G,STAURENGHI G,DALLA M G,et al.Prevalence of diabetes and diabetic macular edema in patients undergoing senile cataract surgery in Italy:The DIabetes and CATaract study[J].Eur J Ophthalmol,2020,30(2):315-320.doi:10.1177/1120672119830578.
[15]宋昱,陸駿,李鴻.白內(nèi)障超聲乳化吸除+人工晶體植入術(shù)聯(lián)合玻璃體腔注射抗血管內(nèi)皮生長因子藥物治療白內(nèi)障并糖尿病視網(wǎng)膜病變患者的臨床療效及安全性[J].臨床合理用藥雜志,2022,15(12):149-151.SONG Y,LU J,LI H,et al.Clinical efficacy and safety of cataract ultrasonic emulsification aspiration+IOL implantation combined with vitreous cavity injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs in the treatment of patients with cataract and diabetic retinopathy[J].Chin J of Clinical Rational Drug Use,2022,15(12):149-151.doi:10.15887/j.cnki.13-1389/r.2022.12.047.
[16]SACERDOTE A,DAVE P,LOKSHIN V,et al.Type 2 diabetes mellitus,insulin resistance,and vitamin D[J].Curr Diab Rep,2019,19(10):101.doi:10.1007/s11892-019-1201-y.
[17]SASSEK M,KOLODZIEJSKI P A,STROWSKI M Z,et al.Spexin modulates functions of rat endocrine pancreatic cells[J].Pancreas,2018,47(7):904-909.doi:10.1097/MPA.0000000000001083.
[18]BEHROOZ M,VAGHEF-MEHRABANY E,MALEKI V,et al.Spexin status in relation to obesity and its related comorbidities:a systematic review[J].J Diabetes Metab Disord,2020,19(2):1943-1957.doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00636-8.
[19]AL-DAGHRI N M,AL-HAZMI H A,AL-AJLAN A,et al.Associations of Spexin and cardiometabolic parameters among women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus[J].Saudi J Sci,2018,25(4):710-714.doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.01.002.
[20]CELIK F,AYDIN S.Blood and aqueous humor phoenixin,endocan and spexin in patients with diabetes mellitus and cataract with and without diabetic retinopathy[J].Peptides,2022,150(1):170728.doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170728.
[21]HARROCHE J,URBAN-MALDONADO M,THI M M,et al.Mechanosensitive vaginal epithelial adenosine triphosphate release and Pannexin 1 channels in healthy,in type 1 diabetic,and in surgically castrated female mice[J].J Sex Med,2020,17(5):870-880.doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.02.010.
[22]BEYER E C,BERTHOUD V M.Connexin hemichannels in the lens[J].Front Physiol,2014,111(1):20-29.doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00020.
[23]劉春華,周密.孕婦孕前BMI與孕晚期糖脂代謝水平及妊娠結(jié)局相關(guān)性探討[J].中國計劃生育學(xué)雜志,2018,26(11):1106-1110.LIU C H,ZHOU M.The correlation of BMI of women before and during pregnancy with the glucose and lipid metabolism ofwomen at later pregnant stage and pregnancy outcomes[J].Chin J Fam Plann,2018,26(11):1106-1110.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-8189.2018.11.023.
[24]陳辰,陳亞軍,戴楠,等.妊娠期糖尿病患者孕早期糖脂代謝狀態(tài)的研究[J].中國婦幼保健,2018,33(15):3445-3447.CHEN C,CHEN Y J,DAI N,et al.Glycolipid metabolic status during early pregnancy in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus[J].Maternal and Child Health Care of China,2018,33(15):3445-3447.doi:10.7620/zgfybj.j.issn.1001-4411.2018.15.26.
(2024-06-21收稿2024-10-24修回)
(本文編輯李志蕓)