芬蘭駐新德里大使館翻新

設(shè)計(jì)單位： ALA建筑師事務(wù)所

面積： 4 437平方米

竣工年份： 2018年

項(xiàng)目攝影： Tuomas Uusheimo

建筑工程：Sitowise

室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)： ALA建筑師事務(wù)所，Antti Nurmesniemi

景觀設(shè)計(jì)：Jasleen Waraich景觀建筑事務(wù)所，Maj-Lis Rosenbr?ijer

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：Juho Gr?nholm， Antti Nousjoki， Janne Ter?svirta， Samuli Woolston， Simo Nuojua， Harri Ahokas， Anders J?nsson， Lotta Kindberg， Mirja Sillanp??， Sari Vesanen

設(shè)計(jì)顧問：Annukka Pietil?， Reima Pietil?

本地合伙建筑師：C. P. Kukreja建筑師事務(wù)所

皮耶蒂萊夫婦 （Reima and Raili Pietil?）贏得了1963年的芬蘭大使館設(shè)計(jì)競(jìng)賽，該大使館位于新德里查卡雅布里的外交飛地，參賽作品美而有力，名為“雪在山上說”。經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的拖延，該項(xiàng)目于1980年被正式委托，并在原有概念的基礎(chǔ)上重新進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。大使館最終于1986年開放，1960年設(shè)計(jì)的巨大單體屋頂被分成六個(gè)獨(dú)立建筑，圍繞在一個(gè)中心花園周圍。雕塑般的屋頂，這是大使館最顯著的建筑特征，類似于芬蘭北部庫(kù)薩莫附近的雪湖Kitkaj?rvi。

2013年，ALA建筑師事務(wù)所受委托主持這個(gè)芬蘭現(xiàn)代主義杰作的修繕。兩期工程花費(fèi)了5年多時(shí)間完成，使這座別具匠心的建筑重回當(dāng)初的輝煌。一期工程包括一幢員工公寓的改造和一個(gè)新門房的建造；二期工程包括修繕公共檔案館、大使官邸、技術(shù)中心、桑拿浴室、另外兩棟住宅樓、游泳池和一個(gè)舊門房，并建造了一個(gè)新門房和一個(gè)帶小健身房的觀景亭。

該項(xiàng)目的目的是恢復(fù)設(shè)計(jì)的原有精神，修復(fù)室內(nèi)和室外錯(cuò)誤的改動(dòng)，改造現(xiàn)有的接待處和辦公設(shè)施，提高工作人員的職業(yè)幸福感和生活條件，以及整體安全性、建筑的能源效率和功能性，同時(shí)將惡劣氣候條件和該地區(qū)的空氣污染考慮在內(nèi)。對(duì)原始設(shè)計(jì)最顯著的改變是將一幢員工公寓樓（包含幾個(gè)小公寓）改造成現(xiàn)代辦公場(chǎng)所和幾個(gè)更大的公寓；此外，還拆除了將其中一棟建筑與建筑綜合體其他部分隔開的一堵墻，以便更好地遵循皮耶蒂萊關(guān)于統(tǒng)一空間體量的想法。從街上看，最明顯的變化是在復(fù)合墻外新增的兩個(gè)門房。

選擇這個(gè)方案是為了在不干擾原始建筑的前提下，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)同時(shí)也明顯獨(dú)立的新建建筑。最初的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)是由芬蘭室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師昂蒂·諾米斯耐米完成。諾米斯耐米的委托任務(wù)還包括定制家具、照明設(shè)備和大面積羊毛地毯的設(shè)計(jì)，以及進(jìn)一步發(fā)展皮耶蒂萊夫婦關(guān)于固定家具的構(gòu)想。其他大多數(shù)家具都是來源于芬蘭家具制造商Artek。最初的設(shè)計(jì)還包括一個(gè)由芬蘭陶瓷藝術(shù)家Rut Bryk設(shè)計(jì)的大型陶瓷室內(nèi)浮雕和名為“春天在北方”的水景。在修繕工程中，對(duì)原始衣柜和桑拿家具進(jìn)行了修復(fù)，對(duì)現(xiàn)有的松散家具進(jìn)行了重新裝飾和處理，以體現(xiàn)其原始設(shè)計(jì)。

20世紀(jì)80年代的照片被用來校正翻新家具、紡織品和地毯的正確顏色和材料。包括家具在內(nèi)，具有代表性的空間得到了精心修復(fù)，而用途變更的空間則使用了新的現(xiàn)代家具。原始景觀設(shè)計(jì)是由皮耶蒂萊的長(zhǎng)期合作者，芬蘭景觀建筑師Maj-Lis Rosenbr?ijer完成。作為修繕項(xiàng)目的一部分，有些破舊的庭院區(qū)域按照Rosenbr?ijer的原始想法進(jìn)行了徹底翻修。對(duì)微氣候進(jìn)行了調(diào)整以便于植物選擇，并且基于安全要求對(duì)穿過大院的道路進(jìn)行了輕微修繕。新安裝的灌溉和雨洪管理系統(tǒng)需要一些坡度變化。

Reima and Raili Pietil? won the design competition for the Finnish Embassy to be located in the diplomatic enclave in Chanakyapuri， New Delhi in 1963 with a beautiful and powerful competition entry called “Snow speaks on the mountains”. After a lengthy delay， the project was commissioned in 1980 and redesigned based on the original concept. The Embassy finally opened in 1986 with the large single expanse of the roof of the 1960s design broken up into six separate lateral buildings around a central garden area. The sculptural roofs - the most significant architectural feature of the embassy compound - resemble the forms of the snowy Lake Kitkaj?rvi near Kuusamo， Northern Finland.

ALA Architects was commissioned in 2013 to design the renovation of this mythical masterpiece of Finnish modernism. The 2nd-phase renovation project that took just over five years to complete has brought the ingenious building complex back to its original glory. The first phase consisted of the transformation of one staff apartment building and the construction of one new gatehouse. The second phase comprised the renovations of the chancery， the ambassadors residence， the technical center， sauna， two more residential buildings， the pool and one old gatehouse， and the construction of one new gatehouse and a gazebo with a small gym.

The aims of the project were to restore the original spirit of the design and repair the misguided maintenance efforts both indoors and outdoors， to revamp the existing reception and office facilities， and to improve the occupational well-being and living conditions of the staff members， the overall safety， as well as the energy efficiency and functionality of the buildings， also taking into account the harsh climate conditions and the air pollution in the area. The most notable changes to the original design are the transformation of one staff apartment building containing several small apartments into contemporary office facilities and a few larger apartments， and the demolition of a wall separating one of the buildings from the rest of the complex to better follow the Pietil?s idea about a united spatial mass. The addition of two new gatehouses outside the compound wall is the change that is the most visible from the street.

This solution was chosen to create a discreet but clearly independent architectural addition upon arrival and to not interfere with the original architecture of the compound. The original interior design is by the Finnish interior architect Antti Nurmesniemi. Nurmesniemis commission also included custom furniture， lighting fixtures， and large woolen area rugs， as well as the further development of Reima Pietil?s sketches for fixed furnishings. Most of the other furniture was selected from the Finnish furniture manufacturer Arteks catalog. The original design also includes a large ceramic indoor bas-relief and water feature titled “Spring in the North” by the Finnish ceramic artist Rut Bryk. In the renovation project， the original wardrobes and the sauna furniture were repaired and the existing original loose furniture reupholstered and treated to reflect their original design.

Photos from the 1980s were used to specify the correct colors and materials in the refurbished and new furniture， textiles， and rugs. The spaces used for representation were carefully restored including their furniture， whereas the spaces with modified uses gained a new layer of contemporary furniture. The original landscape design is by the Pietil?s longtime collaborator， the Finnish landscape architect Maj-Lis Rosenbr?ijer. As part of the renovation project， the somewhat dilapidated yard areas were thoroughly refurbished following Rosenbr?ijers original idea. Some climate-specific updates were made to the plant selection and slight safety-requirement-based improvements to the paths crossing the compound. The installation of new irrigation and stormwater management systems required some gradient changes.