Digital Humans1 Are Reinvigorating2 Chinese Cultural Heritage數(shù)智人復(fù)興中華文化遺產(chǎn)

王葛瑞（音譯）/文　陳康/譯

Leading museums worldwide are experimenting with augmented3 reality and virtual reality technologies to create new experiences for audiences to engage with art and culture. Earlier this month， the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York launched the Replica app powered by the gaming platform Roblox.

全球各大知名博物館正在嘗試使用增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)和虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)為觀眾打造全新的藝術(shù)文化體驗(yàn)。本月早些時(shí)候，紐約大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館推出了Roblox游戲平臺(tái)下的一款應(yīng)用程序Replica。

It allows users to scan a selected number of artworks in the museum， and collect and wear them in the digital world. For instance， one can choose a character and dress it in Vincent van Goghs hat and shirt adapted from his Self-Portrait.

用戶可使用該應(yīng)用程序掃描精選出的多件館藏藝術(shù)品，并將其用于數(shù)字世界中的收藏和穿戴。例如，用戶可以選擇某個(gè)人物角色，給其穿上取自文森特·凡·高自畫像的帽子和襯衫。

To reinvent4 an immersive experience， museums in China have started using digital humans to transform visitors encounters with history and culture. Digital humans are computer-generated 3D images that look like real people.

為了給人耳目一新的沉浸式體驗(yàn)，中國(guó)的博物館已經(jīng)開(kāi)始啟用數(shù)智人來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)變游客的歷史文化體驗(yàn)方式。數(shù)智人是由計(jì)算機(jī)生成的三維圖像，外形似真人。

The industry has seen rapid growth in China in the past few years， revolutionising5 e-commerce， healthcare， tourism and entertainment. According to a strategic plan by Beijings Bureau for Economy and Information Technology， the city alone is expected to see the market for digital humans grow to 50 billion yuan by 2025.

過(guò)去幾年，數(shù)智人產(chǎn)業(yè)在中國(guó)發(fā)展突飛猛進(jìn)，給電子商務(wù)、醫(yī)療、旅游和娛樂(lè)等產(chǎn)業(yè)帶來(lái)了翻天覆地的變化。據(jù)北京市經(jīng)濟(jì)和信息化局一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃顯示，到2025年，僅北京一個(gè)城市的數(shù)智人市場(chǎng)規(guī)模就有望增長(zhǎng)至500億元人民幣。

In collaboration with top artificial intelligence （AI） companies such as Baidu and Tencent， Chinese museums have introduced digital humans created by mixed reality technology to become tour guides and ambassadors of Chinese tradition. These virtual humans powered by chatbots can tell stories of massive artworks produced throughout the countrys history. They are knowledgeable and tireless companions for visitors.

中國(guó)的博物館與百度、騰訊等人工智能領(lǐng)先企業(yè)合作，引進(jìn)了采用混合現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)打造的數(shù)智人，讓其充當(dāng)導(dǎo)游和推廣中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的大使。數(shù)智人由聊天機(jī)器人賦能，能講述中國(guó)歷朝歷代創(chuàng)造的海量藝術(shù)品的故事。它們知識(shí)淵博，不知疲倦，是游客的旅伴。

This new development exemplifies how AI can help China scale the preservation， education， circulation and promotion of cultural heritage and can inspire the world to do the same.

這項(xiàng)新發(fā)展表明，人工智能可以助力中國(guó)提升文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)、教育、傳播和推廣事業(yè)。同時(shí)，也啟發(fā)世界各國(guó)以做同樣的事。

Ai Wenwen， a digital employee at the National Museum of China， can instantly change outfits， from modern clothing to Chinese traditional dress， and give guided tours of the museum. Ai Wenwens name references “AI” and “culture”， suggesting the tremendous6 potential of AI applications in the cultural industry.

艾雯雯是中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館的一名數(shù)智人員工。她能瞬間換裝，從現(xiàn)代服裝切換至中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾，并為游客提供博物館導(dǎo)覽服務(wù)?！鞍奔碅I（人工智能），“雯”通“文”，即文化，意為人工智能在文化產(chǎn)業(yè)大有可為。

The creation of virtual avatars uses image generation， 3D modelling， movement and facial expression capture， as well as rendering techniques that call to mind the worlds foremost mixed reality technology by industry leaders such as Microsoft and Nvidia.

虛擬化身（數(shù)智人）創(chuàng)作需使用圖像生成、三維建模、動(dòng)作和面部表情捕捉，以及渲染等技術(shù)。這讓人想到微軟和英偉達(dá)等業(yè)內(nèi)領(lǐng)先企業(yè)使用的全球最前沿的混合現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)。

To give its digital employee the appeal of a human celebrity， the National Museum collaborated7 with entertainment company Migu Music to create a song that is presented as if sung by Ai Wenwen herself. The melody combines traditional Chinese musical instruments with electronic music. The lyrics praise the beauty of Chinese art such as painting， porcelain and embroidery. The title of the song， “Wei Ai”， means the future of AI， or the infinite development of AI.

為了讓數(shù)智人和真人明星一樣具有魅力，中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館與娛樂(lè)公司咪咕音樂(lè)聯(lián)手為艾雯雯打造了一首歌曲，聽(tīng)著好像真是她自己唱的。該歌曲調(diào)融中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)樂(lè)器與電子音樂(lè)為一體，歌詞贊頌繪畫、陶瓷、刺繡等中國(guó)藝術(shù)之美。歌曲的名字是《未艾》，即人工智能之未來(lái)的意思，抑或表示人工智能的無(wú)限發(fā)展前景。

In addition to museums， digital humans can help bring historical figures to life. In 2022， the Zhonghua Book Company launched a virtual avatar of Su Shi， an acclaimed Chinese poet and statesman. The creation of the avatar was enabled by the machine learning of 7 billion Chinese characters of historical texts and more than 100 paintings and images depicting Su Shi in the past 900 years or so.

數(shù)智人除用于博物館外，還能用來(lái)“復(fù)活”歷史人物。2022年，中華書局在機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)70億字的古籍文獻(xiàn)以及過(guò)去900多年來(lái)描繪蘇軾的百余幅畫作后，推出了這位中國(guó)著名詩(shī)人和政治家的虛擬化身。

With the texts about Su Shis life and literary work being fed into the virtual avatar， it can respond to real people in a manner and language resembling8 this great man in Chinese history. It made its television debut in a CCTV youth talent show about Chinese poetry， surprising audiences with its remarkable human likeness.

將蘇軾的生平文獻(xiàn)和文學(xué)作品導(dǎo)入其虛擬化身后，虛擬化身就可以回答真人提問(wèn)，言談舉止都與中國(guó)歷史上的這位大文豪神似。蘇軾虛擬化身在中國(guó)中央電視臺(tái)的中國(guó)詩(shī)詞類青年才智節(jié)目中首次亮相，因?yàn)榕c真人酷似，驚呆了觀眾。

The virtual avatar had conversations with live audiences about poems Su Shi wrote about 1，000 years ago. The TV show even presented an episode of the digital version of Su Shi acting with a human who played his close friend， the great calligrapher Huang Tingjian.

該虛擬化身與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀眾暢聊了約1000年前蘇軾寫的詩(shī)詞。該電視節(jié)目還展示了蘇軾的數(shù)智人與他的摯友、大書法家黃庭堅(jiān)的互動(dòng)表演，后者是由真人扮演的。

The virtual avatar of Su Shi has even appeared as an influencer on Weibo. Its account has posted quizzes and online education material， teaching readers about Chinese literature， geography and traditional customs. Apart from online programmes， Zhonghua Book Company has also designed in-person events for students to learn Chinese literature and history through engaging with digital humans.

蘇軾的虛擬化身還成了微博上的紅人。其賬號(hào)發(fā)布了小測(cè)驗(yàn)和在線學(xué)習(xí)資料，向讀者傳授中國(guó)文學(xué)、地理、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗等知識(shí)。除線上活動(dòng)安排外，中華書局還設(shè)計(jì)了線下見(jiàn)面活動(dòng)，讓學(xué)生通過(guò)與數(shù)智人互動(dòng)了解中國(guó)的文學(xué)和歷史。

Museums and cultural institutions across China have incorporated9 the virtual avatar of Su Shi to create interactive exhibitions with themes including afternoon tea， poetry and calligraphy. Audiences at these exhibitions have opportunities to experience the daily life of a renowned poet from the distant past.

中國(guó)各地的博物館和文化機(jī)構(gòu)也借助蘇軾的虛擬化身舉辦互動(dòng)展覽，主題涉及下午茶、詩(shī)歌、書法等內(nèi)容，觀眾有機(jī)會(huì)體驗(yàn)古代著名詩(shī)人的日常生活。

Digital avatars of historical figures can help popularise traditional Chinese culture and aesthetics among schoolchildren， university students and the public. If a similar technology was used in the United States and European countries to create interactive， digital versions of the likes of Plato， Aristotle and Shakespeare， it could be helpful in attracting more young people to study the classics.

數(shù)字歷史人物有助于在中小學(xué)生、大學(xué)生和公眾中普及中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化和美學(xué)知識(shí)。若歐美各國(guó)也采用類似技術(shù)創(chuàng)作出柏拉圖、亞里士多德和莎士比亞等歷史人物的互動(dòng)數(shù)智人，也能有助于吸引更多年輕人學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)典作品。

More importantly， these initiatives can boost cooperation between science and technology educators and those in the humanities. Culture-embedded digital humans can create new opportunities for humanities students to contribute to the digital economy.

更重要的是，此類創(chuàng)新舉措可以促進(jìn)科技領(lǐng)域與人文領(lǐng)域教育者的合作。負(fù)載文化的數(shù)智人可以為人文專業(yè)的學(xué)生創(chuàng)造新的機(jī)遇，從而為數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)作貢獻(xiàn)。

The development of digital humans demands collaboration among public institutes， private companies， universities and non-profit organisations. Museums creating new applications of AI can improve cohesion across social sectors， ultimately increasing education equity and access in an era of rapid change.

數(shù)智人的開(kāi)發(fā)需要公共機(jī)構(gòu)、私營(yíng)企業(yè)、大學(xué)和非營(yíng)利組織通力合作。博物館創(chuàng)新運(yùn)用人工智能技術(shù)能夠增進(jìn)社會(huì)各部門的凝聚力，在快速變革的時(shí)代，將最終提升教育公平和教育機(jī)會(huì)。

（譯者為“《英語(yǔ)世界》杯”翻譯大賽獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸?/p>

1 digital human數(shù)字人，數(shù)智人。運(yùn)用數(shù)字技術(shù)創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的、與人類形象接近的數(shù)字化人物形象。下文提及的“艾雯雯”官方將其定性為數(shù)智人，為求統(tǒng)一，文中的digital human均譯為數(shù)智人。數(shù)智人是由中國(guó)工程院院士錢旭紅等提出的概念，原本定義為進(jìn)化出數(shù)據(jù)智能能力和手段的新人類，如今已發(fā)展為“多源數(shù)據(jù)+智能算法+領(lǐng)域?qū)＜摇钡摹皵?shù)智人”框架體系。? 2 reinvigorate使再振作，使復(fù)興。? 3 augment增加，提高，擴(kuò)大。? 4 reinvent以新形象示人；以新形勢(shì)出現(xiàn)。

5 revolutionise使徹底變革。

6 tremendous極大的，巨大的。? 7 collaborate合作。

8 resemble像，類似于。? 9 incorporate包含，加上，吸收。