Unit 2 Making a difference

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

單詞拼寫 根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學(xué)單詞的正確形式填空。

1.It was a great r _______ to find that my family were all safe.

2.Nowadays， more and more senior people in China prefer to raise pets， which has been proven to make positive c to a senior citizen’s life.

3.She seemed confident but in r_______ she felt extremely nervous.

4.The project is f_______ by several local companies. They give their money and play important roles in it.

5.In order to e_______ my living， I have always had to work beyond the limit of my strength.

6.Keeping a diary in English is one of the _______ （有效的） ways to improve our English writing ability.

7.The going was slow on the project because of a_______ （短缺） of skilled workers.

8.Some of the _______ （內(nèi)部的） walls of my house are made of stones.

9.The local people lined up to _______（捐獻） money to the earthquake-hit area.

10.Used things should be _______ （回收利用）， such as paper and plastic.

選擇填空 用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。

benefit from make a difference break into a smile look across turn out

1. As long as everyone gives a bit of his own love， it will _______ to the whole world.

2. They were amazed to find that the rabbit _______ to be a very modern-looking woman.

3. When the little girl saw her birthday presents， she _______.

4. A great many people with high pressure have _______ taking the medicine.

5. _______ the river at that farm. That’s my younger brother’s.

課文語法填空

Six-year-old Canadian schoolboy Ryan couldn’t believe that many people in 1 （develop） African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. So， Ryan decided 2 （earn） money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He 3 （clean） windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours， reaching his first target of $70 soon. But he 4 （tell） that $70 wasn’t enough for a well. It actually cost $2，000. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded 5 （they） to donate money. At 6 same time， a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000， with 7 a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school were grateful 8 him and invited him to visit. He 9 （real） had made a difference for these children.

Later， Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many 10 （inspire） people gave him their support. Today， over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean， safe water.

1. _______? 2. _______? 3. _______? 4. _______? 5. _______

6. _______ 7. _______ ? 8. _______? 9. _______? 10. _______

閱讀理解

Dave Merry and his tools have been through a lot together. The tools helped Dave， now 80， repair his home in St. Paul， Minnesota， where he and his wife， Annette Merry， lived for 46 years and raised three children. The table saw， the jointer plane， the drill press， and the dozens of other power and hand tools had pride of place in his carefully organized workshop. “I had a whole setup， and it was beautiful，” says Dave， a retired engineer.

But then Annette experienced a stroke （中風(fēng)） that left her relying on a walker to get around， and the Merrys decided to move into assisted living. Dave’s workshop was obviously a minor consideration given Annette’s condition， but the family knew that giving it up， on top of everything else， would hurt.

It was the Merrys’ daughter who came up with a possible solution. She’d heard about some people who were setting up a tool library—a nonprofit （非營利的） facility that would lend out tools just as a regular library lends books. Might Dad be interested in donating his？

“I said yes，” Dave says.

The people creating the St. Paul Tool Library were thrilled. They had expected it would take a year to collect enough tools to make their facility fully functional. Instead it took one day： the day Dave donated his.

The library’s founders drove over to the Merrys’ house and picked everything up themselves. The library is housed in the basement （地下室） of the American Can Factory. Members pay an annual fee （from $20 to $120） for unlimited tool use and a varying number of visits to the workshop. And they get an extra benefit： Dave Merry. “Almost every time we’re open， Dave’s here，” says one of the founders， Peter Hoh. “It means a lot to me to be able to go and use my tools，” Dave says. “But it means just as much to help DIYers use the tools properly.”

1. What can we learn about Dave Merry from the text？

A. He had few DIY tools. B. He kept his tools well.

C. He owned a tool library. D. He used a walking stick after the stroke.

2. How did the daughter help her parents？

A. She helped Dad manage the workshop. B. She offered Dad useful information.

C. She moved them into assisted living. D. She sold Dad’s tools to a tool library.

3. What can visitors do at the St. Paul Tool Library？

A. Use the tools freely. B. Visit the Merrys’ house.

C. Get Dave’s instructions to use the tools. D. Share the profit from the library.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Art of Living B. Setting Up a Library

C. A Family-Run Library D. Recycling Through Donating

閱讀七選五

You want to change the world， but you aren’t sure where to start. First， remember that changing the world can mean so many different things.

· Understand what’s wrong. 1 The world is such a big place， so you won’t be able to change much if you don’t understand what’s going on out there. Try to learn about what is happening both home and abroad.

· Know that change doesn’t come overnight. 2 Try to live your values each day， even if you don’t see much appreciable change on a day-to-day level. Work hard and don’t give up.

· Start small. Find ways to make a difference every day. It may feel as though you are just one tiny part of a huge system. At first， you almost certainly will be. Be patient. 3 Try to put your activism into practice and make it a reality.

· 4 Write letters to newspapers; post an article， video， or idea on the Internet. If you think that it is important and worthy of attention， try to raise awareness by telling as many people as you can.

· Consider a career. Think about which sort of job might put you in the best position to change the world. 5 There are a lot of ways to get paid for adding value to the world. Start researching to find jobs in fields that make you feel valuable.

A. Read the news.

B. Spread the word.

C. All things begin small.

D. There are other ways to show your support.

E. Remember that you don’t need to do it alone.

F. You could be a teacher， a reporter， or something else.

G. Don’t expect to change the world with one big heroic act.

1. _______? 2. _______3._______? 4. _______? 5. _______

Section Ⅱ Using language

單句語法填空 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

1.There has still been no official _______ （confirm） of the report， so we don’t know if it is true.

2.Since the accident， he has devoted himself to raising money for people with ______ （disable）.

3.In the event of difficulties， please do not hesitate ______ （contact） us.

4.Not only ______ （do） the sun give us light， but also it gives us heat.

5.Even though it is still in summer， there are many ______ （fall） leaves on the ground.

6.She was deeply affected ______ the news of his death.

7.He’s the best player I’ve come ______ this season， a great player.

8.In this letter， I would like to express my sincere appreciation to you for your ______ （assist）.

9.He accepted his apology with great______ （generous）.

10.Several of the members have come ______ with suggestions of their own.

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 用v.-ed改寫句子。

1. We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that have changed.

We must adapt our thinking to____________ .

2. The story that was written by a little boy is popular in schools.

The story ____________ is popular in schools.

3. The man who had retired was much interested in painting.

____________ was much interested in painting.

4. Nothing that was reported interested him.

____________ interested him.

5. The student who is dressed in blue is my son.

The student ____________ is my son.

完成句子 根據(jù)漢語提示，結(jié)合本單元所學(xué)語法知識完成句子。

1. 他把那個打碎的杯子扔掉了，那個杯子陪伴了他三年。

He threw away ____________ ， which had kept him company for three years.

2. 他是被邀請人之一。

He is one of those ____________.

3. 獲取的經(jīng)驗很有用。

The experience ____________ is very useful.

4. 人們一直為汽油、煤氣等造成的污染而擔(dān)憂。

People have been worried about ____________ by petrol and gas for a long time now.

5. 他總是面帶滿意的微笑。

He is always wearing a ____________ smile on his face.

完形填空

My 4-year-old son now enjoys posting letters. He has formed the 1 of drawing pictures， writing his name on them， and then 2 the artwork in an envelope. He then keeps 3 his handwork to the neighbors， and a mail box he 4 belongs to the elderly couple who live next door. To be 5 ， I didn’t think much of it， but I had 6 to warn my neighbors of the drawings 7 appearing in their letter boxes—I just didn’t have the 8 to do so， because I was a little busy recently.

On Tuesday last week， I was walking down to school to collect my son when I 9 Mary， my elderly neighbor， 10 at her mail box. She said， “Jodie， is it your little son that has been posting items （物品） to me？” I was at once 11 ， “Oh yes， Mary. I’m sorry. I meant to tell you…” She cut me off， “Jodie， I just love his mail. I’ve 12 every item he has sent. You don’t know how much 13 the letters has made my day. I just love them.” While I was walking down to school after our 14 ， many thoughts came to me. Mary doesn’t have a lot to 15 her days， although she was a mother to a number of children herself. The small 16 of getting some mails—pictures drawn by a young child—has brought 17 to her days， just as my visit to my grandparents does.

I have decided that my son should 18 this practice. He should also start sending some items to his grandparents in Perth as well. It will most 19 make their day.

It’s doing the little， simple things that can often make a big 20 in someone’s life.

1. A. habit B. attitude C. style D. way

2. A. hiding B. including C. covering D. putting

3. A. handing B. holding C. posting D. writing

4. A. opened B. chose C. made D. saw

5. A. kind B. polite C. careful D. honest

6. A. meant B. asked C. hated D. refused

7. A. actually B. suddenly C. finally D. partly

8. A. ability B. courage C. money D. time

9. A. met B. visited C. missed D. called

10. A. shouting B. knocking C. working D. standing

11. A. worried B. embarrassed C. shocked D. scared

12. A. copied B. bought C. kept D. examined

13. A. receiving B. sending C. finding D. exchanging

14. A. report B. explanation C. talk D. discussion

15. A. plan B. value C. recall D. fill

16. A. promise B. business C. act D. help

17. A. trouble B. happiness C. value D. future

18. A. try B. know C. continue D. accept

19. A. certainly B. fortunately C. accidentally D. hopefully

20. A. point B. difference C. mistake D. decision

語法填空

While I was waiting for the bus I saw a homeless person carrying a sign 1 said he would like a cup of coffee.

As soon as I read it， I knew this task was meant for me. I joyfully ran across the street， 2 （think） that getting him a cup of coffee would be great. I 3 （buy） the coffee and approached him slowly. The 4 （close） I got， the more joy in his eyes I could see.

When I handed him the hot coffee， I 5 （simple） said， “This is for you.” I could see so much joy on his face and even a tear. He kept thanking me， holding his coffee like the biggest treasure in his life. It made me cry to see that a simple act of 6 （kind） could bring so much joy to others.

I walked back to my bus stop， and when the bus driver opened the door and I was just about 7 （pay） the bus fare （車費）， he waved at me and said it had touched his heart to see me giving away that cup of coffee 8 that the fare was on him. This 9 （amaze） moment warmed my heart and it gave my day and my life 10 new start.

1. ____________ 2. ____________? 3. ____________ 4. ____________? 5. ____________

6. ____________? 7. ____________ 8. ____________? 9. ____________ 10. ____________

短文改錯

Some people think a hero must be a person who had made great contributions to the country or the world. However， in my heart， who is helpful and brave in daily life is a hero， but my father is among them. Last summer， our family was on the holiday at the beach. My father was watching my brother and I playing in the water when a woman ran him. She shouted that two children in the deeper water appeared to being in danger. Hearing this， he immediately swam to the struggling kid. After saving them， my father was very tiring， but when interviewed， he said what he did was real normal.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

單詞填空 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Before the new law comes into ________， I hope we can take some ________ measures to protect the wild animals. Then we should work ________ at once. （effect）

2.She is still ________ about sending her son to college. As for me， I have no ________ in doing that if my child has a good grade. （hesitate）

3.He had finally ________ success. He made great ________in medical industry. （achieve）

4.The condition is usually ________with drugs and a strict diet. With proper________， she will be OK soon. （treat）

5.She wanted to make a ________ to this community. So she________ some food and clothes to the homeless people. （contribute）

6.What a ________！ The medicine greatly________ him of his headache. （relieve）

7.As I look back on that day now， it ________ lacks any sense of ________. But it was ________. （real）

8.This province was ________ of electricity because of the water ________ during the hot three months. （short）

9.The Great Wall is one of the ________tourist attractions in China. The ________ of foreigners would like to visit it. （major）

10.He ________ 50，000 dollars in cash to the village. The villagers were grateful for his ________. （donate）

單句表達 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。

1. 他站起身來，離開了教室。（rise to one’s feet）

2. 一到那座城市，他就給朋友打電話。（on doing...）

3. 她在課堂上和家里都說英語。（not only... but also）

4. 她工作這么努力，我們都敬重她。（so... that...）

5. 海邊的空氣改善了她的健康狀況。（make a difference）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句，并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

aid award benefit from in addition make a difference

What… is that… …be affected by… so… that…

閱讀理解

A

Dale Carnegie was an American writer and lecturer， and the developer of famous courses in self-improvement， salesmanship， corporate training， public speaking and interpersonal skills.

Born in 1888 in Maryville， Missouri， Carnegie was a poor farmer’s boy. His family moved to Belton， Missouri when he was a small child. In his teens， though still having to get up at 4 am every day to milk his parents’ cows， he managed to obtain an education at the State Teacher’s College in Warrensburg. His first job after college was selling correspondence courses. He moved on to selling bacon， soap， and lard （豬油） for Armour & Company.

After saving $500， Dale Carnegie quit sales in 1911 in order to achieve a lifelong dream of becoming a lecturer. He ended up instead attending the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York， but found little success as an actor. Later he got the idea to teach public speaking. In his first session， he suggested that students speak about “something that made them angry”， and discovered the technique that made speakers unafraid to address a public audience. From its beginning， the Dale Carnegie Course developed. Carnegie had made use of the average Americans’ desire to have more self-confidence.

Perhaps one of Carnegie’s most successful marketing moves was to change the spelling of his last name from “Carnagey” to Carnegie， at a time when Andrew Carnegie was a widely recognized name.

Carnegie’s works include Lincoln the Unknown （1932）， Public Speaking and Influencing Men in Business （1937）， and How to Stop Worrying and Start Living （1948）. His greatest achievement， however， was when Simon & Schuster published How to Win Friends and Influence People. The book was a bestseller from 1936. By the time of Carnegie’s death， the book had sold five million copies in 31 languages， and there had been 450，000 graduates of his Dale Carnegie Institute.

Carnegie died at his home in New York in 1955.

1. What do you think of Dale Carnegie’s childhood？

A. Difficult. B. Joyful. C. Lonely.? D. Boring.

2. What does Dale Carnegie Course focus on？

A. Encouraging people to trust themselves. B. Helping people to get wealthy.

C. Teaching people acting skills. D. Advising people to live happily.

3. Why did Dale Carnegie change his last name？

A. To get more help and support. B. To replace Andrew Carnegie.

C. To become more famous. D. To avoid misunderstanding.

4. What is Dale Carnegie’s most successful work？

A. Lincoln the Unknown. B. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.

C. How to Win Friends and Influence People. D. Public Speaking and Influencing Men in Business.

B

Abby Bell loves her job at Haley House， a soup kitchen in Boston’s South End. On a recent weekday morning she was busy greeting guests， helping volunteers， preparing pots of fresh coffee， and answering endless questions. “Butter？ We have tons.” “Cups？ I’ll get some for you.”

“Without this place there would be no me. These people are angels，” says Linda， a regular guest at Haley House’s free morning breakfast.

That feeling is created by Haley House， a program that for five decades has approached social issues facing Boston’s South End community through its soup kitchen， cheap housing， urban gardens， and education programs. The organization welcomes homeless people or those living in low-income housing as a valuable part of the larger community. “It’s really important to know people as people，” says Ms Federici， who also works for the organization while serving in the kitchen.

Instead of relying on （依靠） volunteers or drive-by helpers to work in its soup kitchen， Haley House seeks out people of all ages and backgrounds who are interested in staying there for two years to help solve the social problems in South End. In exchange， they receive room and board， running its kitchen and caring for its guests.

The biggest offering that Haley House has to Boston is， it’s an example of how all these pieces are linked （聯(lián)系）—food， training， jobs， housing. “We couldn’t solve that whole problem of housing homeless people. We couldn’t give jobs to everybody. But what we did was we created models，” says Ms McKenna， who is now retired from Haley House.

“There is that strong connection to the community that Haley House workers are able to develop over their time here，” says Sean， who delivers food to Haley House. “They are really passionate （熱誠的） about food， but more importantly， about people.”

5. What word can best describe Abby Bell？

A. Warm-hearted. B. Sharp-minded. C. Generous. D. Intelligent.

6. What is Haley House intended for？

A. Popularizing local soup culture. B. Educating South End neighbors.

C. Helping build a better community. D. Stressing the importance of people.

7. What do we know about Haley House workers？

A. They are talented cooks. B. They work for free.

C. They come from Boston. D. They get free accommodation.

8. What can be the best title for the text？

A. From Haley to Boston： A Popular Model B. Haley House： A Developing Organization

C. Abby Bell： A Worker at Haley House D. Haley House： Full of Hope

完形填空

Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to develop a habit of 1 others. The little acts of kindness give you chances to provide 2 for others. They can make you feel how 3 it is to be kind and helpful.

We 4 in a village. Most of what we 5 is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions to the 6 is the rubbish that some people throw out of their car windows as they drive along the roads. One of the few 7 of living here is short of 8 public services， such as rubbish collection， which is common in the 9 .

A helping behavior that I practice regularly with my daughters is driving around to pick up rubbish in our neighborhood. My daughters often have a 10 to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often say to me in a（n） 11 voice， “There’s some rubbish， Daddy— 12 the car！” And if we have time， we will often get out of our car and pick it up. Though it may seem 13 ， we do it. In fact， we 14 it. We pick up rubbish in parks， on sidewalks， almost anywhere. One day， seeing a stranger picking up rubbish on the road， I stopped. He 15 his head and smiled， “I saw you doing this with your 16 . It’s a good idea to protect our environment.”

There are many other ways to 17 kindness for others. You may share a dinner with a beggar （乞丐）， visit 18 old people in the nursing home， or help the 19 cross the street. You can think of something that can be finished 20 but helpful. It is fun， self-satisfying， and what’s more， it can set a good example. Helping others is helping yourself.

1. A. watching B. helping C. welcoming D. teaching

2. A. carefulness B. peace C. service D. friendship

3. A. great B. unusual C. effective D. frank

4. A. work B. travel C. live D. stay

5. A. ensure B. see C. need D. develop

6. A. environment B. weather C. change D. beauty

7. A. disadvantages B. favorites C. wishes D. answers

8. A. modern B. necessary C. different D. new

9. A. neighborhood B. village C. city D. street

10. A. match B. chance C. way D. rest

11. A. surprised B. tired C. excited D. disappointed

12. A. speed B. start C. move D. stop

13. A. strange B. wrong C. simple D. embarrassing

14. A. understand B. experience C. forget D. enjoy

15. A. nodded B. lowered C. shook D. raised

16. A. neighbors B. family C. cousins D. coworkers

17. A. describe B. find C. provide D. make

18. A. annoyed B. independent C. generous D. lonely

19. A. poor B. blind C. retired D. public

20. A. suddenly B. accidentally C. easily D. gradually

話題表達指導(dǎo)

話題介紹

話題：人物介紹。要求學(xué)生在寫作過程中要理清人物的基本信息、重要事跡、對社會的貢獻或影響以及對人物的評價。

建議體裁：應(yīng)用文、記敘文。

注意事項：寫人物傳記時，應(yīng)在出生年月、主要事跡、人物的評價等方面進行敘述， 一般按時間順序來寫。另見下表：

題例導(dǎo)學(xué)

題目

請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一篇100詞左右的文章，介紹“中國航天之父”錢學(xué)森。

1. 1911年出生在上海，1935年赴美留學(xué)；

2. 1939年在美國獲航空、數(shù)學(xué)博士學(xué)位；

3. 克服美國政府的百般阻撓，于1955年回國；

4. 2009年在北京去世；

5. 為中國的航天事業(yè)做出了巨大的貢獻。

參考詞匯：航空航天 aerospace

思路引導(dǎo)1·要點分析

1. 先介紹人物姓名及其最重要的成就；

2. 接著按時間順序介紹人物的主要事跡；

3. 最后對人物進行簡單評價。

思路引導(dǎo)2·本單元語言知識運用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1. 他于1939年在美國獲航空、數(shù)學(xué)博士學(xué)位。（obtain， not only... but also）

2. 他克服了美國政府的百般阻撓，于1955年成功地回到祖國。（manage to， though， try）

3. 自此以后，錢學(xué)森投身于航空航天科學(xué)研究，為中國的航天事業(yè)做出了巨大的貢獻。（devote oneself to， make great contributions to）

4. 錢學(xué)森于2009年在北京去世。（pass away）

5. 錢學(xué)森為祖國取得如此多的成就，人民敬仰他。（achievement， so... that...， receive）

思路引導(dǎo)3·連句成篇

范例展示

Qian Xuesen， the father of China’s aerospace program， was born in 1911 in Shanghai. In 1935， Qian went to America for study. In 1939， he obtained his doctor’s degree not only in aerospace science but also in math in the US. He managed to come back to his homeland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. From then on Qian Xuesen devoted himself to aerospace science and research and made great contributions to the cause of China’s aerospace. In 2009， Qian? Xuesen passed away in Beijing.

Qian Xuesen made so many achievements for his country that he received great respect and admiration from his people.

話題表達

請你結(jié)合以下信息，寫一篇關(guān)于袁隆平的人物介紹。

注意：詞數(shù)100左右。

參考詞匯：西南農(nóng)學(xué)院 Southwest Agricultural College 雜交水稻之父 father of hybrid rice

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. have ________ （in） doing sth 做某事有困難

2. look ________往對面看

3. drinking ________ 自動飲水機

4. earn ________ 賺錢

5. ________放棄

6. ask ________ 尋求幫助

7. turn ________ 出席，在場

8. ________有影響；起作用

9. break ________突然笑起來

10. ________ 建立；設(shè)立

11. benefit ________ 得益于

12. make one’s dream ________ 夢想成真

13. ________開始，承擔(dān)，接受

14. be confident ________ 對……有信心

15. come________ 提出，想出

16. ________ humour 幽默感

17. ________ across 碰見

18. keep ________ 對……做記錄

19. at ________ 在一瞬間

20. the majority ________ 大多數(shù)的……

21. rise to one’s ________ 站起身來

22. pass ________ 去世

23. ________ to do sth 成功做成某事

句型

1. so… that…

And why is the water so dirty ________ （以至于讓他們生?。?/p>

2. what引導(dǎo)的主語從句

________ （他們需要的） was a well dug near their homes.

3. Why don’t/doesn’t + 主語+其他？

________ （我為什么不幫忙呢）？

4. v.-ing作主語

I think________（挖飲用水井） is a good way to solve the problem of water shortage.

5. not only… but also…

… we need to________ （不僅） donate money ________ （而且） get new ideas.

6. on + v.-ing

________ （一離開學(xué)校）， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.

請根據(jù)提示，運用本單元核心知識，就“我最敬佩的人”的話題，談?wù)勀阕罹磁宓娜恕?/p>

提示：需用以下句型。

1. I think... is one of the greatest… in my heart because…

2. Born in…， she has worked as… since…

3. He/She not only… but also…