Unit 2 Making a difference

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學(xué)單詞的正確形式填空。 單詞拼寫

1.It was a great r to find that my family were all safe.

2.Nowadays， more and more senior people in China prefer to raise pets， which has been proven to make positive c to a senior citizen’s life.

3.She seemed confident but in r she felt extremely nervous.

4.The project is f by several local companies. They give their money and play important roles in it.

5.In order to e my living， I have always had to work beyond the limit of my strength.

6.Keeping a diary in English is one of the （有效的） ways to improve our English writing ability.

7.The going was slow on the project because of a （短缺） of skilled workers.

8.Some of the （內(nèi)部的） walls of my house are made of stones.

9.The local people lined up to （捐獻） money to the earthquake-hit area.

10.Used things should be （回收利用）， such as paper and plastic.

用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。 選擇填空

turn out look across break into a smile make a difference benefit from

turn out look across break into a smile make a difference benefit from

1. As long as everyone gives a bit of his own love， it will to the whole world.

2. They were amazed to find that the rabbit to be a very modern-looking woman.

3. When the little girl saw her birthday presents， she .

4. A great many people with high pressure have taking the medicine.

5. the river at that farm. That’s my younger brother’s.

課文語法填空

Six-year-old Canadian schoolboy Ryan couldn’t believe that many people in （develop） African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. So， Ryan decided （earn） money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He （clean） windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours， reaching his first target of $70 soon. But he （tell） that $70 wasn’t enough for a well. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded （they） to donate money. At same time， a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000， with a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school were grateful him and invited him to visit. He （real） had made a difference for these children.

Later， Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many （inspire） people gave him their support. Today， over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean， safe water.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

能力提升

閱讀理解

Dave Merry and his tools have been through a lot together. The tools helped Dave， now 80， repair his home in St. Paul， Minnesota， where he and his wife， Annette Merry， lived for 46 years and raised three children. The table saw， the jointer plane， the drill press， and the dozens of other power and hand tools had pride of place in his carefully organized workshop. “I had a whole setup， and it was beautiful，” says Dave， a retired engineer.

But then Annette experienced a stroke （中風(fēng)） that left her relying on a walker to get around， and the Merrys decided to move into assisted living. Dave’s workshop was obviously a minor consideration given Annette’s condition， but the family knew that giving it up， on top of everything else， would hurt.

It was the Merrys’ daughter who came up with a possible solution. She’d heard about some people who were setting up a tool library—a nonprofit （非營利的） facility that would lend out tools just as a regular library lends books. Might Dad be interested in donating his？

“I said yes，” Dave says.

The people creating the St. Paul Tool Library were thrilled. They had expected it would take a year to collect enough tools to make their facility fully functional. Instead it took one day： the day Dave donated his.

The library’s founders drove over to the Merrys’ house and picked everything up themselves. The library is housed in the basement （地下室） of the American Can Factory. Members pay an annual fee （from $20 to $120） for unlimited tool use and a varying number of visits to the workshop. And they get an extra benefit： Dave Merry. “Almost every time we’re open， Dave’s here，” says one of the founders， Peter Hoh. “It means a lot to me to be able to go and use my tools，” Dave says. “But it means just as much to help DIYers use the tools properly.”

1. What can we learn about Dave Merry from the text？

A. He had few DIY tools. B. He kept his tools well.

C. He owned a tool library. D. He used a walking stick after the stroke.

2. How did the daughter help her parents？

A. She helped Dad manage the workshop. B. She offered Dad useful information.

C. She moved them into assisted living. D. She sold Dad’s tools to a tool library.

3. What can visitors do at the St. Paul Tool Library？

A. Use the tools freely. B. Visit the Merrys’ house.

C. Get Dave’s instructions to use the tools. D. Share the profit from the library.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Art of Living B. Setting Up a Library

C. A Family-Run Library D. Recycling Through Donating

閱讀七選五

You want to change the world， but you aren’t sure where to start. First， remember that changing the world can mean so many different things.

· Understand what’s wrong. The world is such a big place， so you won’t be able to change much if you don’t understand what’s going on out there. Try to learn about what is happening both home and abroad.

· Know that change doesn’t come overnight. Try to live your values each day， even if you don’t see much appreciable change on a day-to-day level. Work hard and don’t give up.

· Start small. Find ways to make a difference every day. It may feel as though you are just one tiny part of a huge system. At first， you almost certainly will be. Be patient. Try to put your activism into practice and make it a reality.

· Write letters to newspapers; post an article， video， or idea on the Internet. If you think that it is important and worthy of attention， try to raise awareness by telling as many people as you can.

· Consider a career. Think about which sort of job might put you in the best position to change the world. There are a lot of ways to get paid for adding value to the world. Start researching to find jobs in fields that make you feel valuable.

A. Read the news.

B. Spread the word.

C. All things begin small.

D. There are other ways to show your support.

E. Remember that you don’t need to do it alone.

F. You could be a teacher， a reporter， or something else.

G. Don’t expect to change the world with one big heroic act.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

Section Ⅱ Using language

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 單句語法填空

1.There has still been no official （confirm） of the report， so we don’t know if it is true.

2.Since the accident， he has devoted himself to raising money for people with （disable）.

3.In the event of difficulties， please do not hesitate （contact） us.

4.Not only （do） the sun give us light， but also it gives us heat.

5.Even though it is still in summer， there are many （fall） leaves on the ground.

6.She was deeply affected the news of his death.

7.He’s the best player I’ve come this season， a great player.

8.In this letter， I would like to express my sincere appreciation to you for your （assist）.

9.He accepted his apology with great （generous）.

10.Several of the members have come with suggestions of their own.

用v.-ed改寫句子。 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

1. We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that have changed.

. We must adapt our thinking to

2. The story that was written by a little boy is popular in schools.

is popular in schools. The story

3. The man who had retired was much interested in painting.

was much interested in painting.

4. Nothing that was reported interested him.

interested him.

5. The student who is dressed in blue is my son.

is my son. The student

根據(jù)漢語提示，結(jié)合本單元所學(xué)語法知識完成句子。 完成句子

1. 他把那個打碎的杯子扔掉了，那個杯子陪伴了他三年。

， which kept him company for three years. He threw away

2. 他是被邀請人之一。

. He is one of those

3. 獲取的經(jīng)驗很有用。

is very useful. The experience

4. 人們一直為汽油、煤氣等造成的污染而擔(dān)憂。

by petrol and gas for a long time now. People have been worried about

5. 他總是面帶滿意的微笑。

smile on his face. He is always wearing a

完形填空

My 4-year-old son now enjoys posting letters. He has formed the of drawing pictures， writing his name on them， and then the artwork in an envelope. He then keeps his handwork to the neighbors， and a mail box he belongs to the elderly couple who live next door. To be ， I didn’t think much of it， but I had to warn my neighbors of the drawings appearing in their letterboxes—I just didn’t have the to do so， because I was a little busy recently.

On Tuesday last week， I was walking down to school to collect my son when I Mary， my elderly neighbor， at her mail box. She said， “Jodie， is it your little son that has been posting items （物品） to me？” I was at once ， “Oh yes， Mary. I’m sorry. I meant to tell you…” She cut me off， “Jodie， I just love his mail. I’ve every item he has sent. You don’t know how much the letters has made my day. I just love them.” While I was walking down to school after our ， many thoughts came to me. Mary doesn’t have a lot to fill her days，

she was a mother to a number of children herself. The small of getting some mails—pictures drawn by a young child—has brought to her days， just as my visit to my grandparents does.

I have decided that my son should this practice. He should also start sending some items to his grandparents in Perth as well. It will most make their day.

It’s doing the little， simple things that can often make a big in someone’s life.

1. A. habit B. attitude C. style D. way

2. A. hiding B. including C. filling D. putting

3. A. handing B. holding C. posting D. writing

4. A. opened B. chose C. made D. saw

5. A. kind B. polite C. careful D. honest

6. A. meant B. asked C. hated D. refused

7. A. actually B. suddenly C. finally D. partly

8. A. ability B. courage C. money D. time

9. A. met B. visited C. missed D. called

10. A. shouting B. knocking C. working D. standing

11. A. worried B. embarrassed C. shocked D. scared

12. A. copied B. bought C. kept D. examined

13. A. receiving B. sending C. writing D. exchanging

14. A. report B. explanation C. talk D. discussion

15. A. unless B. but C. so D. although

16. A. promise B. business C. act D. help

17. A. trouble B. happiness C. value D. future

18. A. try B. know C. continue D. accept

19. A. certainly B. fortunately C. accidentally D. hopefully

20. A. point B. difference C. mistake D. decision

語法填空

While I was waiting for the bus I saw a homeless person carrying a sign said he would like a cup of coffee.

As soon as I read it， I knew this task was meant for me. I joyfully ran across the street， （think） that getting him a cup of coffee would be great. I （buy） the coffee and approached him slowly. The （close） I got， the more joy in his eyes I could see.

When I handed him the hot coffee， I （simple） said， “This is for you.” I could see so much joy on his face and even a tear. He kept thanking me， holding his coffee like the biggest treasure in his life. It made me cry to see that a simple act of （kind） could bring so much joy to others.

I walked back to my bus stop， and when the bus driver opened the door and I was just about （pay） the bus fare （車費）， he waved at me and said it had touched his heart to see me giving away that cup of coffee that the fare was on him. This （amaze） moment warmed my heart and it gave my day and my life new start.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

短文改錯

Some people think a hero must be a person who had made great contributions to the country or the world. However， in my heart， who is helpful and brave in daily life is a hero， but my father is among them. Last summer， our family was on the holiday at the beach. My father was watching my brother and I playing in the water when a woman ran him. She shouted that two children in the deeper water appeared to being in danger. Hearing this， he immediately swam to the struggling kid. After saving them， my father was very tiring， but when interviewed， he said what he did was real normal.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 單詞填空

1.Before the new law comes into ， I hope we can take some measures to protect the wild animals. Then we should work at once. （effect）

2.She is still about sending her son to college. As for me， I have no in doing that if my child has a good grade. （hesitate）

3.He had finally success. He made great in medical industry. （achieve）

4.The condition is usually with drugs and a strict diet. With proper ， she will be OK soon. （treat）

5.She wanted to make a to this community. So she some food and clothes to the homeless people. （contribute）

6.What a ！ The medicine greatly him of his headache. （relieve）

7.As I look back on that day now， it lacks any sense of . But it was . （real）

8.This province was of electricity because of the water during the hot three months. （short）

9.The Great Wall is one of the tourist attractions in China. The of foreigners would like to visit it. （major）

50，000 dollars in cash to the village. The villagers were grateful for his . （donate） 10.He

根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。 單句表達(dá)

1. 他站起身來，離開了教室。（rise to one’s feet）

2. 一到那座城市，他就給朋友打電話。（on doing...）

3. 她在課堂上和家里都說英語。（not only... but also）

4. 她工作這么努力，我們都敬重她。（so... that...）

5. 海邊的空氣改善了她的健康狀況。（make a difference）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

make a difference? ? in addition benefit from award aid

so… that…? …be affected by… What… is that…

make a difference? ? in addition benefit from award aid

so… that…? …be affected by… What… is that…

能力提升

閱讀理解

A

Dale Carnegie was an American writer and lecturer， and the developer of famous courses in self-improvement， salesmanship， corporate training， public speaking and interpersonal skills.

Born in 1888 in Maryville， Missouri， Carnegie was a poor farmer’s boy. His family moved to Belton， Missouri when he was a small child. In his teens， though still having to get up at 4 am every day to milk his parents’ cows， he managed to obtain an education at the State Teacher’s College in Warrensburg. His first job after college was selling correspondence courses. He moved on to selling bacon， soap， and lard （豬油） for Armour & Company.

After saving $500， Dale Carnegie quit sales in 1911 in order to achieve a lifelong dream of becoming a lecturer. He ended up instead attending the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York， but found little success as an actor. Later he got the idea to teach public speaking. In his first session， he suggested that students speak about “something that made them angry”， and discovered the technique that made speakers unafraid to address a public audience. From its beginning， the Dale Carnegie Course developed. Carnegie had made use of the average Americans’ desire to have more self-confidence.

Perhaps one of Carnegie’s most successful marketing moves was to change the spelling of his last name from “Carnagey” to Carnegie， at a time when Andrew Carnegie was a widely recognized name.

Carnegie’s works include Lincoln the Unknown （1932）， Public Speaking and Influencing Men in Business （1937）， and How to Stop Worrying and Start Living （1948）. His greatest achievement， however， was when Simon & Schuster published How to Win Friends and Influence People. The book was a bestseller from 1936. By the time of Carnegie’s death， the book had sold five million copies in 31 languages， and there had been 450，000 graduates of his Dale Carnegie Institute.

Carnegie died at his home in New York in 1955.

1. What do you think of Dale Carnegie’s childhood？

A. Difficult. B. Joyful. C. Lonely.? D. Boring.

2. What does Dale Carnegie Course focus on？

A. Encouraging people to trust themselves. B. Helping people to get wealthy.

C. Teaching people acting skills. D. Advising people to live happily.

3. Why did Dale Carnegie change his last name？

A. To get more help and support. B. To replace Andrew Carnegie.

C. To become more famous. D. To avoid misunderstanding.

4. What is Dale Carnegie’s most successful work？

A. Lincoln the Unknown. B. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.

C. How to Win Friends and Influence People. D. Public Speaking and Influencing Men in Business.

B

Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often think that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings？ The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.

I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things， and it worked. Because of our efforts， our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund （our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor）.

For weeks， I’ve been thinking of bigger， deeper questions： How do we make it a habit for them？ And how do we train ourselves to help them live with， need， and use less？ Yesterday， I sat with my son， Shepherd， determined to test my own theory （看法） on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes， ten minutes， max. I chose a red rubber ball—simple， universally available. We passed it， he tried to put it in his mouth， he tried bouncing it， rolling it， sitting on it，? throwing it. It was totally， completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.

We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment （實驗） to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.

5. What do the words “more is more” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？

A. More money， more worries. B. Enough is enough.

C. The more， the better. D. Earn more and spend more.

6. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects？

A. Saving up for her holiday.? B. Raising money for a poor girl.

C. Adding the money to her fund.? D. Giving the money to a sick mother.

7. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd？

A. To try out an idea.? B. To show a parent’s love.

C. To help him start a hobby.? D. To train his attention.

8. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Take It or Leave It B. Live More with Less

C. A Lesson from Kids D. The Pleasure of Giving

完形填空

In my forties， I suffered from cancer. As a non-smoker who ate healthy food and daily， all I could think was： Why me？ My of the long journey ahead—surgery， and chemotherapy （化療）—prevented me seeing a（n） side.

Several months later， my neighbor Greg a high place and was paralyzed （癱瘓） from the waist down. I could imagine his . In a matter of seconds， he went from being an active young man to being helpless. I thought about him， but I didn’t know if he liked my company.

Later that fall， I was to go for a short walk. But chemotherapy had sapped （消耗） the last of my energy. ， I’d turned around to go back home when Greg drove by， waving with a on his face. I was to see he could drive a truck as a disabled man.

I worked up the to ask him how he was doing. He answered， “I’m not going to . At first， I just felt my life was over. But one day， my dad had a with me. He said， ‘Son， you need to what you can do instead of what you can’t.’ Dad’s changed my life. The list of things I could still do was much than the things I couldn’t. I got my life back on track.”

Greg’s inspiring started me down the path of acceptance. From then on， I no longer felt about my hair loss. I realized that a positive gives you power over your situations.

1. A. studied B. exercised C. showered D. worked

2. A. expectation B. imagination C. decision D. fear

3. A. bright B. difficult C. possible D. easy

4 A. got to B. knocked into C. flew down D. fell off

5. A. disappointment B. failure C. relief D. upset

6. A. checking B. pleasing C. visiting D. protecting

7. A. determined B. required C. ordered D. persuaded

8. A. Confused B. Excited C. Frightened D. Discouraged

9. A. pain B. smile C. scar D. tear

10. A. glad B. satisfied C. shocked D. anxious

11. A. eventually B. safely C. quickly D. originally

12. A. courage B. urge C. awareness D. curiosity

13. A. stop B. refuse C. complain D. lie

14. A. meeting B. fight C. discussion D. conversation

15. A. talk about B. depend on C. think of D. make up

16. A. rule B. request C. advice D. lecture

17. A. cooler B. simpler C. more D. better

18. A. lesson B. story C. life D. image

19. A. worried B. crazy C. angry D. surprised

20. A. effort B. effect C. attitude D. reply

Writing

話題表達(dá)指導(dǎo)

話題介紹

話題：人物介紹。要求學(xué)生在寫作過程中要理清人物的基本信息、重要事跡、對社會的貢獻或影響以及對人物的評價。

建議體裁：應(yīng)用文、記敘文。

注意事項：寫人物傳記時，應(yīng)在出生年月、主要事跡、人物的評價等方面進行敘述， 一般按時間順序來寫。見下表：

題例導(dǎo)學(xué)

題目

請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫一篇100詞左右的文章，介紹“中國航天之父”錢學(xué)森。

1. 1911年出生在上海，1935年赴美留學(xué)；

2. 1939年在美國獲航空、數(shù)學(xué)博士學(xué)位；

3. 克服美國政府的百般阻撓，于1955年回國；

4. 2009年在北京去世；

5. 為中國的航天事業(yè)做出了巨大的貢獻。

參考詞匯：航空航天 aerospace

思路引導(dǎo)1·要點分析

① 先介紹人物姓名及其最重要的成就；

② 接著按時間順序介紹人物的主要經(jīng)歷；

③ 最后對人物進行簡單評價。

思路引導(dǎo)2·本單元語言知識運用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1. 他于1939年在美國獲航空、數(shù)學(xué)博士學(xué)位。（obtain， not only... but also）

2. 他克服了美國政府的百般阻撓，于1955年成功地回到祖國。（manage to， though， try）

3. 自此以后，錢學(xué)森投身于航空航天科學(xué)研究，為中國的航天事業(yè)做出巨大的貢獻。（devote oneself to， make great contributions to）

4. 錢學(xué)森于2009年在北京去世。（pass away）

5. 錢學(xué)森為祖國取得如此多的成就，人民敬仰他。（achievement， so... that...， receive）

思路引導(dǎo)3·連句成篇

范例展示

Qian Xuesen， the father of China’s aerospace program， was born in 1911 in Shanghai. In 1935， Qian went to America for study. In 1939， he obtained his doctor’s degree not only in aerospace science but also in math in the US. He managed to come back to his homeland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. From then on Qian Xuesen devoted himself to aerospace science and research and made great contributions to the cause of China’s aerospace. In 2009， Qian? Xuesen passed away in Beijing.

Qian Xuesen made so many achievements for his country that he received great respect and admiration from his people.

話題表達(dá)

請你結(jié)合以下信息，寫一篇關(guān)于袁隆平的人物介紹。

注意：詞數(shù)100左右。

參考詞匯：西南農(nóng)學(xué)院 Southwest Agricultural College 雜交水稻之父 father of hybrid rice

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. have （in） doing sth 做某事有困難

2. look 往對面看

3. drinking 自動飲水機

4. earn 賺錢

5. 放棄

6. ask 尋求幫助

7. turn 出席，在場

8. 有影響；起作用

9. break 突然笑起來

10. 建立；設(shè)立

11. benefit 得益于

12. make one’s dream 夢想成真

13. 開始，承擔(dān)，接受

14. be confident 對……有信心

15. come 提出，想出

16. humour 幽默感

17. across 碰見

18. keep 對……做記錄

19. at 在一瞬間

20. the majority 大多數(shù)的……

21. rise to one’s 站起身來

22. pass 去世

23. to do sth 成功做成某事

句型

1. so… that…

And why is the water so dirty （以至于讓他們生?。?/p>

2. what引導(dǎo)的主語從句

（他們需要的） was a well dug near their homes.

3. Why don’t + 主語？

（我為什么不幫忙）？

4. v.-ing作主語

I think （挖飲用水井） is a good way to solve the problem of water shortage.

5. not only… but also…

… we need to （不僅） donate money （而且） get new ideas.

6. on + v.-ing

（一離開學(xué)校）， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.

請根據(jù)提示，運用本單元核心知識就“我最敬佩的人”的話題，談?wù)勀阕罹磁宓娜恕?/p>

提示：需用以下句型。

1. I think... is one of the greatest… in my heart because…

2. Born in…， she has worked as… since…

3. He/She not only… but also…