布羅德美術(shù)館 美國洛杉磯市

業(yè)主單位：布羅得基金會

設(shè)計單位：DS+R 建筑事務(wù)所

合作者：Elizabeth Diller,Ric Scofidio,Charles Renfro,Benjamin Gilmartin

項目總監(jiān)：Kevin Rice

設(shè)計團隊：Matthew Ostrow,Michael Hundsnurscher,Robert Condon,Zachary Cooley,Daniel Sakai,Ryan Botts,John Chow,Anne-Rachel Schiffmann,William Ngo,Charles Curran,Nkiru Mokwe

執(zhí)行建筑師：Gensler

施工單位：Matt 建筑施工公司

燈光設(shè)計：Tillotson 設(shè)計事務(wù)所 (不含畫廊空間)

項目狀況：2015 年竣工

項目總面積：120 000 平方呎

項目攝影:Iwan Baan,Hufton Crow

Client:The Broad Foundation

Design Architect:Diller Scofidio+Renfro

Partners:Elizabeth Diller,Ric Scofidio,Charles Renfro,Benjamin Gilmartin

Project Director:Kevin Rice

Design Team:Matthew Ostrow,Michael Hundsnurscher,Robert Condon,Zachary Cooley,Daniel Sakai,Ryan Botts,John Chow,Anne-Rachel Schiffmann,William Ngo,Charles Curran,Nkiru Mokwe

Executive Architect:Gensler

Construction:Matt Construction

Lighting Design (Exclusive of Galleries):Tillotson Design

Status:Completed 2015

Area:120 000 SF TOTAL

Photography:Iwan Baan,Hufton Crow

布羅德博物館由兩位慈善家Eli和Edythe Broad共同創(chuàng)辦，地址位于洛杉磯市中心格蘭德大道（Grand Avenue）,是一家新型的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)博物館，于2015年9月正式對外開放。該博物館普通門票免費，擁有兩千件布魯?shù)路驄D藝術(shù)藏品，包括世界上最著名的戰(zhàn)后藝術(shù)作品與當(dāng)代藝術(shù)作品。該館還推出了一個輪換舉辦臨時展覽的活動項目，鼓勵有創(chuàng)新精神的觀眾參與。該建筑占地12萬平方英尺，擁有兩層畫廊空間，布羅德藝術(shù)基金會全球公共圖書館總部正位于此處。自1984年以來，該圖書館一直主動向世界各地的博物館出借藏品。自2015年對外開放以來，布羅德博物館已累計接待游客170多萬人次，被譽為洛杉磯市中心城市化的催化劑。布羅德夫婦還建造了一座占地2.4萬平方英尺的公共廣場，改善了街道景觀，格蘭德大道沿線、通向或環(huán)繞布羅德博物館周行人通道條件也隨之改善

博物館設(shè)計取名“面紗與穹頂”，主要融合了兩個核心項目——公共展覽空間與支持布羅德藝術(shù)基金會的大量出借藏品活動的存儲空間。這里存儲空間的作用并未退居次席。實際上，“穹頂”在塑造進出博物館全過程的體驗中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。它厚重模糊的質(zhì)地，位置顯眼，盤旋在建筑半腰之處。其雕刻而成的底面塑造出下方的大廳與公共環(huán)形路線，頂面是三樓畫廊的地板。

穹頂被“面紗”包圍，這是一種多孔的、蜂窩狀的外部結(jié)構(gòu)，橫跨三樓長長的畫廊，并提供過濾后的自然光。博物館的“面紗”四面揭開，將游客迎入活躍的大廳與商店。隨后公眾通過自動扶梯向上移動，穿過穹頂隧道，到達約一英畝的無柱畫廊空間，沐浴在透進來的自然光線下。畫廊層高23英尺，屋頂由7英尺長的鋼梁支撐。游客通過一段蜿蜒盤旋的中央樓梯退出三樓，一睹豐富展品的風(fēng)采。

布羅德博物館榮獲LEED金級認證。博物館配有電動汽車充電樁、自行車停車位，屋頂排水溝直通地面可過濾徑流的花園，管路系統(tǒng)高效，可節(jié)約40%用水量，公共交通便利，毗鄰位于第二街 (2nd Street) 與希望街(Hope Street)之間的地鐵區(qū)域中轉(zhuǎn)站（Metro Regional Connector——（2020年投入使用）。該館旨在成為具有環(huán)保意識的高效的頂級博物館。

布羅德博物館吸引了形形色色的游客群體，多樣性前所未有。受眾群體更加年輕化、民族更加多元化，遠超全美平均水準(zhǔn)，超出客戶預(yù)期。其游客民族多元化比例比全國其他藝術(shù)博物館平均水平高出近兩倍。布羅德博物館也不斷吸引著大批以家庭為單位的觀眾群體，超過80%的游客表示他們過去對當(dāng)代藝術(shù)知之甚少或了解不多。布羅德博物館開放首年累計接待游客為823 216人，其中47%的游客至少重新來參觀過兩次。按年度參觀人數(shù)計算，它在全球藝術(shù)博物館中排名前80位，在全美藝術(shù)博物館中排名前15位。布羅德博物館的游客是南加州文化多樣性與當(dāng)代藝術(shù)活力的真實寫照。

模型 model

南北剖面圖 north-south section

The Broad is a new contemporary art museum founded by philanthropists Eli and Edythe Broad on Grand Avenue in downtown Los Angeles which opened in September of 2015.The museum offers free general admission.The museum is home to the 2,000 works of art in the Broad collection,which is among the most prominent holdings of postwar and contemporary art worldwide,and has launched an active program of rotating temporary exhibitions and innovative audience engagement.The 120,000-squarefootbuilding features two floors of gallery space and is the headquarters of The Broad Art Foundation’s worldwide lending library,which has actively loaned collection works to museums around the world since 1984.Since opening in 2015,The Broad has welcomed more than 1.7 million visitors and has been heralded as a catalyst for urbanizing downtown Los Angeles.Eli and Edythe Broad also built a 24,000-square-foot public plaza,added streetscape improvements and enhanced pedestrian access on and around The Broad along Grand Avenue.

Dubbed “the veil and the vault,” the museum’s design merges the two key programs of the building:public exhibition space and the storage that supports The Broad Art Foundation’s extensive lending activities.Rather than relegate the storage to secondary status,“the vault” plays a key role in shaping the museum experience from entry to exit.Its heavy opaque mass is always in view,hovering midway in the building.Its carved underside shapes the lobby below and public circulation routes.Its top surface is the floor of the third-floor galleries.

橫剖面圖 cross section

The vault is enveloped by the “veil,” a porous,honeycomb-like exterior structure that spans across the block-long third-floor gallery and provides filtered natural daylight.The museum’s “veil” lifts at the corners,welcoming visitors into an active lobby and shop.The public is then drawn upwards via escalator,tunneling through the vault,arriving onto nearly an acre of column free gallery space bathed in filtered light.The gallery has 23-foot-high ceilings,and the roof is supported by 7-foot-deep steel girders.Visitors exit the third floor via a winding central stair through the vault that offers glimpses into the vast holdings of the collection.

The Broad received LEED Gold certification.With its electric car charging stations,bike parking spaces,rooftop drains routed to street level gardens that filter runoff,high-efficiency plumbing fixtures that help reduce water use by 40 percent,and its easy access to public transit including adjacency to the new Metro Regional Connector station at the corner of 2nd and Hope Streets (anticipated opening:2020),The Broad aims to be in the top tier of ecoconscious and efficient museums.

The Broad’s visitors reflected unprecedented diversity for an art museum,attracting a dramatically younger,more ethnically diverse audience than the national average– exceeding the client’s expectations.The percentage of ethnically diverse visitors is nearly three times the average of other art museums around the country.The Broad also continues to attract a large family audience with more than 80 percent of visitors saying they had very little or a modest knowledge of contemporary art.The Broad’s first-year attendance of 823,216,with 47% of visitors having returned at least twice,puts it in the top 80 art museums worldwide in terms of annual attendance and in the top 15 U.S.art museums.The Broad’s visitors reflect the diversity of Southern California and the dynamism of contemporary art.

大堂平面圖 lobby level plan

檔案館平面圖 archive level plan