主題語境18：飲食

本刊試題研究中心

Ⅰ.閱讀理解

As part of a health initiative,Berkeley became the first city in the US to require large grocery stores to stop allowing the sales of junk food and candy in checkout aisles(過道).The new rule went into effect in March,2021.

The “Healthy Checkout Ordinance(條例)”was approved by Berkeley's City Council.It requires stores over 2,500 square feet in size to sell at least 25 square feet of healthy items within a three-foot radius(半徑)of checkout registers.So now,instead of candy,soda and other high calorie items,shoppers can expect to see fresh fruit and wholegrain alternatives at checkout counters.

“Placement of unhealthy snacks near a checkout increases the likelihood that customers will purchase these foods and drinks when willpower is weak at the end of a long shopping trip,”City Council member Kate Harrison said.The new rule has affected at least 25 retailers(零售商)in Berkeley.These include Whole Foods,CVS,Walgreens and Safeway.

“It's not a ban;it's a nudge(推動(dòng)),” Harrison said.“Stores can still sell candy and soda,just not at your child's eye level in the checkout.”The council said the shift to selling more healthy products at checkouts would still be profitable for stores,because data shows customers are looking for more low sugar and low sodium(鈉)products anyway.They also said retailers in test cases around the country and in California had seen dramatic increases in sales of healthy foods since they changed their checkouts to include more fresh options in displays.

“The ordinance will make grocery stores a more neutral and health-friendly space for consumers,”said Ashley Hickson,senior policy associate at the Center for Science in the Public Interest(CSPI).“Junk food makers spend a lot to make sure their products are front and center in stores,” Hickson said.“But some consumers don't likethe practice.”In a CSPI survey,76% of shoppers who bought unhealthy food or drink at the checkout regretted the purchase,she added.

1.What can we infer from Harrison's words in paragraph 3?

A.Customers tend to ignore the price when tired.

B.Items placed near checkouts are the most profitable.

C.Customers will easily spend a fortune when tired.

D.Items placed near checkouts are attractive to customers.

2.Why will the rule bring stores no loss in profit according to the council?

A.Alternatives will make up for sales.

B.Retailers will get financial support.

C.Healthy food will attract more customers.

D.Retail prices of other goods will be raised.

3.What do the underlined words “the practice”in the last paragraph refer to?

A.Spending a lot to promote sales.

B.Advertising some unhealthy drinks.

C.Placing junk food in the checkout aisles.

D.Replacing junk food with healthy ones.

3.What's the best title for the text?

A.The negative influences of junk food

B.How to maximize the profits of stores

C.Berkeley banned junk food at checkouts

D.Berkeley paid more attention to people's health

Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全信息

Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction.When we eat or drink sugary foods,the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good.1.In this way,it is in fact an addictive drug,one that doctors recommend we all cut down on.

“It seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause,I find my way back to sugar,”says scientist Richard Johnson.One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure,and up to 347 million have diabetes.Why? “2.”says Johnson.

Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar.Early humans often had very little food,so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat.In this way,we had energy stored for when there was no food.But today,most people have more than enough.3.

So what is the solution?It's obvious that we need to eat less sugar.4.From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts,our food is increasingly filled with it.Some manufacturers even use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat.

But there are those who are fighting back against sugar.5.Other schools are growing their own food in gardens,or building facilities like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise.The battle has not yet been lost.

A.We take in more energy and fat

B.Then the good feeling goes away,leaving us wanting more

C.Our ancestors were used to poor food,clothing and shelter

D.So the very thing that once saved us,may now be killing us

E.Sugar,we believe,is one of the reasons,if not the major one

F.The trouble is,in today's world,it's extremely difficult to avoid

G.Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit

Ⅲ.完形填空

Sometimes,I long to be lost in a“memory meal”,biting into one of the nostalgic foods I enjoyed as a child.As a vegetarian,some tasty food like fried bacon is no longer my1,but old memories die hard.One day,after a meal of locally grown organic food,I found myself2something fatty,crisp—bacon.

Back then,bacon3entered our household.When it did,it was an event.I would stand excitedly in the kitchen,watching Mom complete the4work with a strong woody scent.When it was ready,I always slowly took every5of the little fatty curls and wanted more.It would be months before the next bacon6entered our household.

I had not tasted bacon in years,but the moment I7my desire for it,my husband began8the grocery stores for the best“fake bacon” that could9the carefree eating of our childhoods.How could he cook that soy so that it would10the tastes of our younger years?11,Ron did the next morning.

After Ron12the bacon to me as if he were handing me a golden crown,I closed my eyes and took a big bite.The soy actually smelled and tasted like bacon.I thought of my late parents.My mom was never a morning person,but she13to the cooking time when bacon was on the menu.My father would delay half an hour to work and enjoy the14luxury with us.Suddenly I realized it didn't matter whether I was eating pork or soy—the15themselves were just delicious.

1.A.problem B.exception

C.option D.condition

2.A.expecting B.resisting

C.cooking D.handling

3.A.frequently B.rarely

C.roughly D.completely

4.A.eye-catching B.mouth-watering

C.heart-stopping D.time-consuming

5.A.step B.grab

C.idea D.bite

6.A.study B.treat

C.deal D.purchase

7.A.forgot B.distracted

C.mentioned D.reflected

8.A.considering B.buying

C.combing D.selecting

9.A.bring back to B.give back to

C.pay back to D.date back to

10.A.shift B.hide

C.influence D.resemble

11.A.Incredibly B.Probably

C.Constantly D.Practically

12.A.threw B.preserved

C.selected D.presented

13.A.rose B.appealed

C.objected D.belonged

14.A.usual B.regular

C.occasional D.normal

15.A.attempts B.memories

C.benefits D.offers

Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

In our kitchen,there was a wooden table and three chairs—one for Dad,one for Mom,and one for me.In the cellar(地窖),the very last jar of apple jam lay quietly on the shelf,waiting to be turned into an apple pie when Dad came back.Mom sat at one end of the table.I sat in the middle between her and Dad.I tried not to look at Dad's empty place.Dad had gone to the city to look for work for a long time.

Every night,I lay awake in bed and waited for the train to stop.I waited to hear the creaky(嘎吱作響的)gate Dad was going to fix when he came home.I waited to hear the sound of his work boots dropping on the step by the kitchen door,and his voice calling,“I'm home! ”

Every night,as I lay there,I stared at the window and the curtains Mom made from empty flour sacks(麻布袋).

Every night,Mom came to kiss me goodnight—after the train had gone by.She had been listening,too.“Go to sleep.Your dad will be home soon.Maybe for Thanksgiving.”

Time dragging by,it finally came the day before Thanksgiving.I went to sleep with the sound of train wheels in my head,whispering,“Maybe tomorrow,maybe tomorrow.”

Early the next morning,the smell of coffee woke me.I ran into the kitchen.There he was!Dad lifted me onto his shoulders and pretended to stagger from my weight.“How's my boy?You've gotten so big that I can barely lift you up anymore.”

He put me down,and I stared at the two sacks on the table.One said FLOUR—I knew that word.I tried reading the other:S-U-G-A-R.Dad whistled admiringly and winked at me.Mom and I had been practicing my letters most days.I could see that Mom was pleased with me.“I'm going to bake a pie for your dad's homecoming dinner.Jimmy,bring me that jar of apple jam from the shelf in the cellar.”Mom smiled at me.

Paragraph 1:

Hearing this,I took the steps two at a time to the cellar._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

“Never mind,boy,accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________