觀點(diǎn)

持續(xù)向好的中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)，給外企帶來(lái)無(wú)限機(jī)遇

The constantly developing economy in China brings infinite chances for foreign enterprises

張德勇

在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)因疫情沖擊而充滿不確定性不穩(wěn)定性的大背景下，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定恢復(fù)，并呈現(xiàn)穩(wěn)中加固、穩(wěn)中向好態(tài)勢(shì)。2021年上半年，按可比價(jià)格計(jì)算，中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值同比增長(zhǎng)12.7%，兩年平均增長(zhǎng)5.3%。

中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，讓外商不僅難以割舍，而且還加碼投資，分享中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成果和機(jī)遇。

在新發(fā)展格局下，依托中國(guó)超大規(guī)模市場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，以建設(shè)更高水平開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制為依據(jù)，推進(jìn)貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，持續(xù)深化商品和要素流動(dòng)型開放，穩(wěn)步拓展規(guī)則、規(guī)制、管理、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等制度型開放，在降低準(zhǔn)入門檻、做實(shí)開放平臺(tái)、加快制度性開放、優(yōu)化營(yíng)商環(huán)境、深化開放合作等方面展現(xiàn)新作為、實(shí)現(xiàn)新突破。從去年吸引外資額逆勢(shì)增長(zhǎng)4.5%，引資規(guī)模和全球占比創(chuàng)歷史新高，成為全球最大的外資流入國(guó)，到今年上半年實(shí)際使用外資超過(guò)6000 億元，新設(shè)外資企業(yè)超過(guò)2.3 萬(wàn)家，增長(zhǎng)47.9%，有力印證了中國(guó)是外商投資的熱土，是中國(guó)持續(xù)擴(kuò)大對(duì)外開放成果顯著的鮮明寫照。

實(shí)踐證明，中國(guó)的發(fā)展離不開世界，世界的發(fā)展離不開中國(guó)。習(xí)近平總書記在亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議上強(qiáng)調(diào)，中國(guó)將立足新發(fā)展階段、貫徹新發(fā)展理念、構(gòu)建新發(fā)展格局，建設(shè)更高水平開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制，創(chuàng)造更具吸引力的營(yíng)商環(huán)境，推進(jìn)高質(zhì)量共建“一帶一路”，同世界和亞太各國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)更高水平的互利共贏。更加開放的中國(guó)、不斷成長(zhǎng)的超大規(guī)模市場(chǎng)，給世界各國(guó)企業(yè)帶來(lái)無(wú)限的機(jī)遇。投資中國(guó)，搭乘中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)巨輪，就是投資未來(lái)。

(作者系中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院財(cái)經(jīng)戰(zhàn)略研究院研究員)

中拉經(jīng)貿(mào)合作韌性足

Resilient economic and trade cooperation between China and Latin America

楊建民

在新冠肺炎疫情沖擊全球貿(mào)易的背景下，2020年中國(guó)——拉美地區(qū)貿(mào)易額連續(xù)第三年突破3000 億美元大關(guān)，2021年上半年又取得同比增長(zhǎng)45.6%的成績(jī)，彰顯中拉經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的強(qiáng)大韌性。

在“一帶一路”倡議的推動(dòng)下，中國(guó)對(duì)拉美地區(qū)的投資步伐不斷加快。2020年中國(guó)投資約占拉美地區(qū)吸收外國(guó)直接投資總額的10%，處于近十年來(lái)最高水平。疫情期間，中企在拉美地區(qū)承建的一批基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目取得良好進(jìn)展，如哥倫比亞首都波哥大地鐵一號(hào)線項(xiàng)目、巴西薩爾瓦多——伊塔帕里卡跨海大橋項(xiàng)目等。拉美地區(qū)本來(lái)就有改善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施條件、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇增長(zhǎng)的迫切需求，中國(guó)提出的“一帶一路”倡議能夠與拉美地區(qū)的發(fā)展規(guī)劃實(shí)現(xiàn)有效對(duì)接。目前，拉美地區(qū)19 個(gè)國(guó)家同中國(guó)簽署了共建“一帶一路”合作文件，中拉務(wù)實(shí)合作不斷深化，成果廣泛惠及拉美地區(qū)民眾。

當(dāng)前，拉美地區(qū)疫情形勢(shì)極其嚴(yán)峻，累計(jì)確診病例已超過(guò)4000 萬(wàn)例。隨著變異病毒帶來(lái)的新一波疫情反彈，拉美經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。中拉合作對(duì)拉美地區(qū)抗擊疫情、復(fù)蘇經(jīng)濟(jì)意義重大。一方面，拉美地區(qū)接種的新冠疫苗中，中國(guó)疫苗占比超過(guò)一半，在拉美抗疫中發(fā)揮著重要作用。另一方面，在疫情危機(jī)中，中拉經(jīng)濟(jì)的互補(bǔ)性進(jìn)一步凸顯，一些新的經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)態(tài)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，如新基建、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融合作等。在“一帶一路”框架下，中拉合作方式不斷創(chuàng)新，合作亮點(diǎn)不斷出現(xiàn)，為中拉經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇增添了新動(dòng)力。

(作者系中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院拉丁美洲研究所研究員)

“一帶一路”疫苗合作為全球抗疫樹立典范

Vaccine cooperation along the Belt and Road sets an example for global fight against COVID-19 pandemic

叢培影

今年6月，中國(guó)同28 個(gè)國(guó)家在“一帶一路”亞太區(qū)域國(guó)際合作高級(jí)別會(huì)議上共同發(fā)起“一帶一路”疫苗合作伙伴關(guān)系倡議，倡導(dǎo)加強(qiáng)疫苗援助、出口、聯(lián)合生產(chǎn)等合作。這對(duì)于缺少疫苗的“一帶一路”國(guó)家無(wú)異于一劑“強(qiáng)心針”。

在疫情全球蔓延初期，疫苗研發(fā)還處于試驗(yàn)階段，中國(guó)充分利用“一帶一路”合作平臺(tái)向相關(guān)國(guó)家提供了防控醫(yī)療物資和設(shè)施，包括口罩、防護(hù)服、護(hù)目鏡、醫(yī)療檢測(cè)設(shè)備、重癥監(jiān)護(hù)設(shè)備、藥品等。這使制造業(yè)水平低、醫(yī)療條件相對(duì)差、受疫情影響嚴(yán)重的發(fā)展中國(guó)家看到了希望。同時(shí)，中國(guó)還向相關(guān)國(guó)家派遣醫(yī)療隊(duì)，并與多國(guó)醫(yī)務(wù)工作者舉行線上視頻會(huì)議，交流并分享抗疫經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

新冠疫情全球大流行后，航空和海運(yùn)等運(yùn)輸通道被迫關(guān)閉或減運(yùn)，中歐班列發(fā)揮了“生命通道”作用，將防疫物資從歐亞大陸一端不間斷地運(yùn)向另一端。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，2020年上半年，中歐班列開行數(shù)量同比增長(zhǎng)36%，運(yùn)送包括防疫物資在內(nèi)約2.7 萬(wàn)噸貨物，為相關(guān)國(guó)家送去急需的抗疫物資。此外，中國(guó)還依托“一帶一路”打造了媒體合作平臺(tái)，向各國(guó)新聞界介紹本國(guó)抗疫情況和抗疫舉措，分享逆向而行的抗疫故事，共同凝聚起戰(zhàn)勝疫情的正能量。

總之，中國(guó)通過(guò)“一帶一路”向相關(guān)國(guó)家持續(xù)提供抗疫物資和傳遞戰(zhàn)勝疫情的信心，為國(guó)際社會(huì)合作戰(zhàn)勝疫情提供了巨大支持和精神動(dòng)力，體現(xiàn)出中國(guó)作為全球大國(guó)的責(zé)任擔(dān)當(dāng)，為全球抗疫合作樹立了典范。

（作者系中國(guó)青年政治學(xué)院“一帶一路”與青年研究所所長(zhǎng)、副教授）

中歐班列擦亮“一帶一路”金字招牌

China-Europe Railway Express brightens the Belt and Road Initiative

董一凡

自2011年3月首趟從重慶開往德國(guó)杜伊斯堡的“渝新歐”班列發(fā)車以來(lái)，中歐班列已歷經(jīng)十載春秋。十年間，中歐班列已從數(shù)條線路發(fā)展為覆蓋60 多個(gè)中國(guó)城市和23 個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家、160 余個(gè)歐洲城市的歐亞鐵路運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)，目的地涵蓋了德國(guó)、波蘭、比利時(shí)、法國(guó)、荷蘭、英國(guó)和俄羅斯等國(guó)家。在開行列次上，2011年中歐班列開行僅20 余次，而2020年開行首次突破萬(wàn)次，達(dá)到12400 次。

在數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)，中歐班列也注重品質(zhì)化經(jīng)營(yíng)，打造“一帶一路”互聯(lián)互通的標(biāo)志性品牌。2016年6月習(xí)近平主席在訪問(wèn)波蘭期間，出席統(tǒng)一品牌中歐班列首達(dá)歐洲（波蘭）儀式，標(biāo)志著運(yùn)行于歐亞國(guó)家之間的跨國(guó)貨運(yùn)專列統(tǒng)一為“中歐班列”品牌。同時(shí)，中歐班列還借助綠色化和數(shù)字化實(shí)現(xiàn)服務(wù)優(yōu)化和升級(jí)，如中國(guó)工商銀行將區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)應(yīng)用于中歐班列的服務(wù)，大大加快了貿(mào)易公司獲得貸款的速度。更重要的是，自新冠疫情在全球肆虐以來(lái)，由于供應(yīng)鏈斷裂和海上運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升，國(guó)際海運(yùn)出現(xiàn)大規(guī)模遲滯和運(yùn)費(fèi)飆升現(xiàn)象，而中歐班列卻構(gòu)建了一條全天候、大運(yùn)量、綠色低碳的運(yùn)輸新通道，一如既往地提供優(yōu)質(zhì)高效物流服務(wù)，有力保障了全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定。

十年來(lái)，中歐班列與“一帶一路”倡議和中國(guó)與亞歐國(guó)家務(wù)實(shí)合作相向而行，不僅由“鋼鐵駝隊(duì)”重新鑄就了陸上絲綢之路榮光，也為絲綢之路賦予新的內(nèi)涵，成為21世紀(jì)推動(dòng)發(fā)展、實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)互通的新型國(guó)際公共產(chǎn)品。

（作者系中國(guó)現(xiàn)代國(guó)際關(guān)系研究院歐洲所助理研究員）

China-Europe Railway Express sets record in transportation of goods

By Alexei Grom, CEO of the United Transport and Logistics Company -- Eurasian Rail Alliance (UTLC ERA)

The development of the China-Europe Railway Express is marked by an expansion in the types of goods and their increased volume.

In order to cope with the increasing number of China-Europe Railway Express trains, railway logistics companies in the Eurasian region are further increasing transport capacity,developing technologies to provide digital services, and ensuring competitiveness through affordable transport prices.

Controlled by Russian Railways, Kazakhstan National Railways and Belarusian Railways, the UTLC ERA provides services for transportation on the route between China and Europe via the three countries.

A total of 336,500 TEUs were transported in the first half of 2021, which shows an increase of about 50 percent over the same period last year. In May this year, the monthly transportation volume reached 61,500 TEUs, a record high in a single month since the establishment of the company.

We expect this year’s annual transportation volume to be close to 700,000 TEUs, which may create a new annual record. At the same time, maintaining transportation speed,competitiveness, reliability and safety are also very important.

The company’s data shows that electronic and machinery products, as well as auto parts, accounted for 80 percent of the goods China transported to Europe three years ago. In the first half of this year, these three types of commodities accounted for about 40 percent of the total cargo transportation volume.

The transportation volume of chemical products such as plastics, rubber and glass has increased, and the volume of medical and health products also showed strong growth momentum with more diversified commodities.

The volume of freight from Europe to China was also increasing as the company “provides customers with commercial solutions, using return containers to load agricultural products from Belarus and Russia, and transit through Kazakhstan to export to China.”

The development of e-commerce will play a positive role in the growth of China-Europe freight trains. The e-commerce operation model tends to deliver goods in a faster way and this will be a very prospective field for railway cross-border transportation, which the company is currently focusing on and will continue to develop.

In order to cope with the ever-increasing volume of China-Europe express trains, the company has taken a variety of measures, such as extending the length of freight trains and developing new container terminals along the China-Europe train,to further increase capacity and ensure service and price levels.

The reliability and safety of railway transportation was a priority in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Even during some of the most challenging periods amid the pandemic,materials such as medical and protective equipment could be delivered to their destinations on time.

The railway has become a link connecting various places and conveying goodwill. For many companies that trade in Europe and China, rail transportation has become a viable alternative to sea and road transportation.

Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan are actively developing railway transit transportation and speeding up the construction of logistics infrastructure under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, the Eurasian Economic Union and Kazakhstan’s new “Bright Road” economic policy.

This is an investment in the future, which will have a multiplier effect on the countries’ development and can drive the development of a series of fields such as construction,engineering, and IT technology.

Source:Xinhua

China playing exemplary role making vaccines public goods

China Daily editorial

In his message to the first meeting of the international forum on COVID-19 vaccine cooperation held via video link on August 5, President Xi Jinping pledged China will provide 2 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines for the world and USD 100 million for the COVAX program.

These are China’s latest contributions to the global fight against the novel coronavirus; the country having already provided the world with 700 million vaccine doses.

Presided over by State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi, the event was first proposed by President Xi as part of a host of measures to support global solidarity against the pandemic at the Global Health Summit on May 21.

The meeting brought together the foreign ministers or officials in charge of vaccine cooperation work from different countries, representatives from international organizations,including the United Nations, as well as relevant companies,providing them with a platform to strengthen exchanges on vaccine supply and distribution.

When releasing its 2021 World Trade Statistical Review on July 30, the World Trade Organization warned that the trade in goods contracted 8 percent last year due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the trade in services shrank by 21 percent. Their recovery depends on the fast and fair distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.

And on August 4, the World Health Organization called on the rich countries to halt their booster shot campaigns so that more vaccines can go to the less-developed countries. According to the WHO, the low-income countries have only been able to administer 1.5 doses for every 100 people due to their lack of vaccines.

It is more than disgusting that some rich countries would rather have millions of doses of vaccines expire in warehouses than provide them for the needy in poorer countries.

That said, the forum was a confidence booster for developing countries that they will have better access to the vaccines,as it provided the participating countries and international organizations with the opportunity to directly communicate with the major Chinese vaccine producers － whose annual production capacity has hit 5 billion doses now － on not only direct supplies of the vaccines but also possible cooperation for their localized production.

Such a to-the-point meeting with its practical outcomes is in sharp contrast to the talk shops some rich countries have hosted on vaccine access for developing countries.

Viewing the world as a community with a shared future,China has always advocated mutual assistance and international solidarity to address the public health crisis. That is why it is doing all it can to help the less-developed countries fight against the virus.

Belt and Road can drive development for both China and European Union

By Jasna Plevnik, president of the Geoeconomic Forum Croatia

The Communist Party of China has to shoulder the sweet burden of praise for its governance and leadership, which have made China the second-largest economy in the world and one of the leading powers in high-tech including artificial intelligence.

The CPC has come a long way, 100 years to be precise,and can now enjoy the success of its vision that it is possible to build a prosperous society by following socialism with Chinese characteristics. The CPC has solved many fundamental issues of socialism by developing productive forces, eliminating absolute poverty, safeguarding the interests of peoples, and leading China toward prosperity and security.

The CPC has worked out a strong and effective foreign policy aimed at boosting China’s development and promoting win-win cooperation, and helping build a community with a shared future for mankind, a vision that has the potential to change international relations from the archaic pattern of power politics to a fair and effective global governance system.

In international relations, China has led the global development initiatives related to, among other things, the economy, environmental protection and public health. It is not easy to solve all the problems facing the world, but China has been trying to address them through various forms of diplomatic action such as the Belt and Road Initiative.

Countries across the world still need new bridges and roads,and China has gained extensive experience with its Belt and Road projects in such fields. It also has enough funds to give shape to such projects. China has already set a benchmark in this field with the Belt and Road Initiative.

Over the years, China has been recognized as a country with high economic competence and a good friend, which has been proved during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Thanks to China, Southeast Europe got the opportunity to move away from the economic periphery of Europe and connect economically and digitally with China and Eurasia. Cooperation between China and the Balkans has great potential in the “Digital Silk Road”.

Source:China Daily