院士風(fēng)采

1924.12.25～2011.02.26

核物理學(xué)家。湖北武漢人。1945年畢業(yè)于西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)。1950年獲美國密執(zhí)安大學(xué)物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。國防科學(xué)技術(shù)工業(yè)委員會(huì)科學(xué)技術(shù)委員會(huì)主任、研究員，中國科協(xié)第四屆主席。早期主要從事核物理、原子能技術(shù)方面的科學(xué)研究工作，發(fā)表有《符合測(cè)量：（Ⅰ）β能譜》、《符合測(cè)量：（Ⅱ）內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)換》、《研究性重水反應(yīng)堆的物理參數(shù)的測(cè)定》等論文。60年代以來，參加組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國發(fā)展核武器的工作，以及國防科學(xué)技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃、高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃的制定與實(shí)施等工作，為中國核科技事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Nuclear physicist. Born in Wuhan, Hubei Province.Graduated from Southwest Associated University in 1945.Received Ph.D. in physics from the University of Michigan, USA in 1950. Professor and chairman, Science and Technology Committee,State Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, and president, Chinese Association for Sciences and Technology.

In his early years, Zhu was engaged in research on nuclear physics and atomic energy. He has published a number of papers,such as “Coincidence Measurements (Part Ⅰ∶ Beta Spectrum)”,“Coincidence Measurements (Part Ⅱ ∶ Internal Conversion )”and “The Determination of Physical Parameters of Heavy Water Reactor for Research”. Since the 1960s he has participated in the development of China’s nuclear weapons the development of scientific and technological research for national defense and in the drawing and implementation of the High-tech Resecarch and Development Plan in China. He has made important contributions to the development of China’s scientific and technological courses in nuclear field.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

朱洪元

3.活動(dòng)之間相融合—在活動(dòng)過程中體現(xiàn)“1+N”的融合。運(yùn)用繪本教學(xué)的“1+N”模式，在教學(xué)方案設(shè)計(jì)過程中要使兩個(gè)部分自然融合在一起，很自然地再現(xiàn)讀本的內(nèi)容，又能對(duì)新領(lǐng)域的目標(biāo)有所達(dá)成與落實(shí)，如何將兩部分很自然的融合在一起是我們實(shí)踐中不斷在探究的問題。

1917.02.08～1992.11.04

理論物理學(xué)家。江蘇宜興人。1939年畢業(yè)于同濟(jì)大學(xué)。1948年獲英國曼徹斯特大學(xué)哲學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國科學(xué)院高能物理研究所研究員。40年代全面研究了高速荷電粒子在磁場(chǎng)中運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)所發(fā)出的電磁輻射的性質(zhì)；60年代深入探討了利用色散關(guān)系和幺正條件建立低能強(qiáng)作用的理論問題，并對(duì)含有光子、電子、中子和原子核的高溫高密度系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的輸運(yùn)過程等作了深入研究，取得多項(xiàng)重要成果。60年代中期與胡寧共同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一些學(xué)者與國際上同時(shí)提出并系統(tǒng)研究了層子模型理論，開辟了強(qiáng)子內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)理論研究的新領(lǐng)域。在推進(jìn)中國物理學(xué)研究事業(yè)、北京正負(fù)電子對(duì)撞機(jī)研制等方面作了大量工作。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Theoretical physicist. Born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province.Graduated from Tongji University in 1939. Received Ph.D. from the University of Manchester, UK in 1948. Research professor,Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In the 1940s, Zhu comprehensively researched the characteristics of electromagnetic radiation which was emitted when high speed electric particle was moving in magnetic field.He deeply investigated the theoretical problem of establishing low energy strong interaction by means of dispersion relation and unitary condition in the 1960s, deeply studied the transportation process in the internal of high temperature and high density system which consisted of photons, electrons, neutrons and nucleuses and made some important achievements. In the mid 1960s, he and Prof.Hu Ning led some scholars to propose and systematically research paralleled with international scholars the theory of straton model and opened a new research field of hadronic internal structure.He did a lot of work to promote Chinese physics research and the design of Beijing Electron Positron Collider.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

莊逢甘

1925.02.11～2010.11.08

空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)家。江蘇常州人。1946年畢業(yè)于上海交通大學(xué)航空工程系。1950年獲美國加州理工學(xué)院科學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國航天工業(yè)總公司總工程師、科技委員會(huì)副主任。在流體力學(xué)的湍流基本特征研究中得出了湍流耗散定律。在激波繞射、高超音速再入體熱防護(hù)理論等研究和低速、超音速風(fēng)洞氣動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)方面取得突出成果。長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)行導(dǎo)彈、火箭、再入飛行器的空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)研究，在大型風(fēng)洞設(shè)計(jì)與建造、第一批沖壓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)試車臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)與建造、運(yùn)載工具和彈頭的啟動(dòng)研究試驗(yàn)和非定常漩渦空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)研究等方面作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)

1980年當(dāng)選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Aerodynamic specialist. Born in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1946. Received Sc.D. from California Institute of Technology, USA in 1950.Chief engineer and vice president, Committee of Science and Technology, China Aerospace Corporation.

Zhang obtained the law of turbulence dissipation in the study of turbulence basic feature of fluid mechanics.He made outstanding achievements in the theories of shock diffraction, heat protection of hypersonic re-entry body and the aerodynamic design of low speed to hypersonic wind tunnel. He has long been engaged in the aerodynamic research on missile,rocket and reentry flight. He made important contributions to the design and manufacture of large wind tunnel, the design and construction of ramjet test stand, the aerodynamic experiment of carrier vehicle and warhead, and unsteady vortex-dominated aerodynamics.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

關(guān)肇直

1919.02.13～1982.11.12

數(shù)學(xué)家。原籍廣東南海，生于天津。1941年畢業(yè)于燕京大學(xué)。1947年至1949年在法國巴黎大學(xué)彭加勒研究所研究數(shù)學(xué)。中國科學(xué)院系統(tǒng)科學(xué)研究所研究員、首任所長(zhǎng)。中國泛函分析和現(xiàn)代控制理論研究的開拓者，創(chuàng)設(shè)了中國第一個(gè)泛函分析專門化和現(xiàn)代控制理論專門化，在泛函分析、數(shù)學(xué)物理、現(xiàn)代控制理論及應(yīng)用等領(lǐng)域取得了出席的研究成果，并培養(yǎng)了一批高級(jí)教學(xué)和研究人才。首先將最速下降法推廣到無窮維空間。用十分簡(jiǎn)潔的方法證明了“激光理論中積分方程非零本征值的存在性”問題。從嶄新的角度給予了當(dāng)時(shí)國際上研究中子遷移理論中本征函數(shù)問題的Case方法嚴(yán)格的理論。對(duì)彈性振動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)阻尼作了研究，從而開創(chuàng)了分布參數(shù)系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Mathematician. Born in Tianjing. Graduated from Yenching University in 1941. Worked on mathematics in Poincare Institute,University of Paris, France from 1947 to 1949. Research professor and the first director, Institute of Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

As the pioneer of functional analysis and modern control theory in China, Guan established the first specialization of these subjects and made outstanding achievements in functional analysis, control theory and its application and mathematical physics. He educated a large number of high level researchers and pedagogues. He introduced the steepest descent method in the infinite dimensional space. By an elegant method, he proved the existence of nonzero eigenvalue for the integral equation arising in the laser theory. From a new view point, he proposed the strict theory for the Case method used for studying the eigenfunction problem of neutron transport theory at that time. He studied the structural damping model for elastic vibration and initiated a new area of distributed parameter control systems.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.