賓語從句考點(diǎn)梳理(二)

曲永華

考點(diǎn)三： 賓語從句主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問題

1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)，那么賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如：

I remember he gave me a book yesterday.

2.如果主句是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，那么賓語從句一定要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如：

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.

3. 如果賓語從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)或真理，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如：

The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.

典例：【2020 ·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)（建設(shè)兵團(tuán)）】—What did the shopkeeper say to you？

— She asked me .

A. when does the shop close B. where did I see the style

C. if I preferred that orange dress D. what else I will buy

【解析】句意：——店主跟你說了什么？——她問我是否更喜歡那件橘色裙子。賓語從句要用陳述句語序，故排除AB。主句是一般過去時(shí)，遵循“主過從必過”的原則，故選C。

考點(diǎn)四：賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，其反意疑問句與從句一致（主謂看從句，肯否看主句）;如果主句的主語是其他人稱，反意疑問句要由主句來決定。例如：

①我認(rèn)為今晚他不能來。

【誤】I think he can’ t come this evening.【正】I don’ t think he can come this evening.

②他認(rèn)為她現(xiàn)在不在教室里。

【誤】He doesn’ t think she’s in the classroom now.【正】He thinks she’s not in the classroom now.

③我相信他不會(huì)做這樣的事，他會(huì)嗎？

I don’t believe he did this， did he？

④他認(rèn)為我能來，是不是？

He thinks I can come， doesn’ t he？

考點(diǎn)五：賓語從句的簡化

1. 當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句謂語動(dòng)詞為hope， wish， decide， agree， choose等詞時(shí)，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

My friend hopes that he can receive a birthday present.=My friend hopes to receive a birthday present.

2. 當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是know， remember， forget， learn等，從句有疑問詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)，從句可簡化為“疑問詞 + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

She doesn’t know what she should say next.=She doesn’t know what to say next.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：

1. 【2020 ·遼寧·丹東】—I wonder .

—Of course it is.

A. that mooncakes are delicious B. whether June is a good time to visit Dandong

C. when the band starts playing this evening D. if the bookstore opens today

2. 【2020 ·遼寧·錦州】—Wow， your dress is so beautiful. Could you tell me ？

—Oh， I bought it in an online store.

A. when you bought it B. where you bought it

C. how much you spent on it D. how long you have had it

3. 【2020 ·遼寧·沈陽】I plan to go to the Liaoning Museum， but I’m not sure .

A. how I can get there B. how can I get there C. how I could get there D. how could I get there

4. 【2020 ·遼寧·鐵嶺葫蘆島卷】—Could you tell me the book？

—Sure， I bought it online.

A. why you bought B. when you bought C. where you bought D. how much you paid for

5. 【2020 ·山東·東營】— I wonder .

— Well， I think Qingfeng Lake Park is a good choice.

A. what I shall sell at my street stall（貨攤）

B. whom I could open a street stall with

C. if I can open a street stall after work

D. which is the best place for a street stall

6. 【2020 ·山東·青島】— Lily， could you tell me ？

—About ten minutes.

A. how far is it from your home to school B. how far it is from your home to school

C. how long does it take you to walk to school D. how long it takes you to walk to school

7. 【2020 ·山東·日照】My friend asked me this 5G mobile phone.

A. where I bought B. where did I buy C. where I buy D. where do I buy

Keys：1-5：BBACD 6-7：DA