接種叢枝菌根真菌對(duì)辣椒積累轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)鎘的影響

牟玉梅　邢丹　周鵬　宋拉拉　吳康云　胡明文　蓋霞普

摘要：【目的】明確叢枝菌根真菌對(duì)辣椒植株積累轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)鎘（Cd）的影響，為阻控Cd向辣椒植株地上部轉(zhuǎn)移和植物修復(fù)的應(yīng)用提供參考依據(jù)。【方法】采用盆栽試驗(yàn)，以辣研201為試材，對(duì)其接種根內(nèi)根生囊霉（Rhizophagus intraradices）和摩西管柄囊霉（Funneliformis mosseae），比較接種與未接種的土壤、辣椒根系與地上部Cd含量變化，從而探究接種根內(nèi)根生囊霉和摩西管柄囊霉對(duì)辣椒植株積累轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)Cd的影響?！窘Y(jié)果】與來接種處理相比，接種根內(nèi)根生囊霉和摩西管柄囊霉后土壤中Cd總量顯著提高10.80%和9.98%（P<0.05，下同），土壤中Cd各形態(tài)含量占比發(fā)生變化，殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)Cd含量提高79.82%和95.44%，而酸溶態(tài)Cd含量占比的遷移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低32.19%和29.45%。接種Ri和Fm后辣椒根系Cd含量分別顯著增加39.57%和53.13%，根系富集系數(shù)顯著分別提高33.15%和40.68%;而地上部Cd含量分別降低15.02%和9.30%，地上部富集系數(shù)分別顯著降低24.35%和18.91%;辣椒體內(nèi)Cd轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)系數(shù)分別顯著下降30.15%和33.72%?；诘湫拖嚓P(guān)分析可知，典型權(quán)重較大的殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)Cd含量對(duì)土壤Cd含量變化起正向作用，辣椒根系Cd富集系數(shù)與體內(nèi)Cd轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)系數(shù)對(duì)辣椒Cd含量變化起反向作用;基于典型載荷與交叉載荷分析可知，土壤中酸溶態(tài)Cd低則移除程度弱、殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)Cd高則滯留程度強(qiáng)，因而辣椒積累轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)Cd能力差?！窘Y(jié)論】接種從枝菌根真菌可調(diào)控辣椒地上部與根系間Cd的分配，一定程度上可控制土壤中的Cd由根部向地上部轉(zhuǎn)移。

關(guān)鍵詞： 辣椒;叢枝菌根真菌;鎘;富集能力;轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)能力

中圖分類號(hào)： S641.3? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼： A 文章編號(hào)：2095-1191（2021）01-0172-08

Abstract：【Objective】To investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on cadmium（Cd） accumulation and transport in Capsicum annum L.（pepper）， so as to provide reference for the application of preventing Cd transfer to the above-ground part of pepper and phytoremediation. 【Method】The experiment was carried out with Layan 201 as the material and planted in pot， pepper was inoculated Rhizophagus intraradices and Funneliformis mosseae respectively. Analyzed the variation of Cd content in soil with and without inoculation， pepper root and aboveground part， and explored and discussed the effects of inoculating R. intraradices and F. mosseae on accumulation and transport Cd in pepper. 【Result】Compared with the non-inoculation treatment，? the total content of Cd in soil with the R. intraradices and F. mosseae inoculated significantly increased by 10.80% and 9.98%（P<0.05， the same below）， and the proportion of Cd in different forms in soil changed. The residual Cd increased by 79.82% and 95.44%. While， with regard of the proportion of acid-so-luble Cd， the migration risk decreased by 32.19% and 29.45%. With R. intraradices and F. mosseae inoculated in soil， Cd content in the root system increased by 39.57% and 53.13%， and Cd enrichment coefficient in the root system increased by 33.15% and 40.68%， while Cd content in the aboveground part decreased by 15.02% and 9.30%. Cd enrichment coefficient in the aboveground part decreased by 24.35% and 18.91% and Cd transport coefficient in pepper body decreased by 30.15% and 33.72%. Based on canonical correlation analysis， residual state Cd with a large typical weight had a positive effect on the change of Cd content in soil， and Cd enrichment coefficient in root and Cd transport coefficient in pepper had negative effect on the change of Cd content. For the analysis of typical loading and cross loading， Cd in low acid- so-luble state in soil resulted in weak removal degree， while Cd in high residual state resulted in strong retention degree， so pepper had poor ability to accumulate and transfer Cd. 【Conclusion】The distribution of Cd between aboveground part and root of pepper is controlled by inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi， and it can inhibit the transfer of Cd in soil from root to aboveground part.

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（責(zé)任編輯 鄧慧靈）