詞匯短語(yǔ)園地

1. across? prep.? 橫過(guò);穿過(guò);在……對(duì)面

I walked across the field.

我走過(guò)田地。

I drew a line across the page.

我在這一頁(yè)上畫了一條橫線。

Theres a bank right across the street.

街對(duì)面就有一家銀行。

adv.? 從一邊到另一邊;橫過(guò);寬

Can you swim across？

你能游過(guò)去嗎？

The yard measures about 50 feet across.

庭院寬約50英尺。

come （run） across 意為“偶然遇見;意外發(fā)現(xiàn)”（不用于被動(dòng)式）。

Where did you come （run） across her？

你在哪兒碰到她的？

Ive just come across a beautiful poem in this book.

我在這本書里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一首優(yōu)美的詩(shī)。

注意：不要將across誤用作動(dòng)詞。

The river is too deep and we cant across.（錯(cuò)）

The river is too deep and we cant cross.（對(duì)）

2. face? vt.? 面對(duì);面向;面臨;承認(rèn);正視現(xiàn)實(shí)

She turned and faced him.

她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)面對(duì)著他。

Most of the rooms face the sea.

多數(shù)房間面向海。

The company is facing a financial crisis.

公司正面臨財(cái)政危機(jī)。

Lets face it. Were not going to win.

我們得承認(rèn)，我們贏不了啦。

be faced with...? 面對(duì)……

Shes faced with a difficult decision.

她眼前有一個(gè)難做的決定。

3. situated? adj.? 位于;坐落在

My bedroom is situated on the top floor of the house.

我的臥室在房子的頂層。

All the best theatres are situated within a few minutes walk.

所有最好的劇院都只有幾分鐘的路程。

4. located? adj.? 位于

The information office is located in the city centre.

咨詢處位于市中心。

Geographically， this country is located in the southern hemisphere.

在地理位置上，這個(gè)國(guó)家位于南半球。

locate? vt.? 確定;找出……的位置;設(shè)立

We located the island on the map.

我們?cè)诘貓D上找出了那個(gè)島的位置。

Where is the new factory to be located？

新工廠將設(shè)于何處？

5. opposite? prep.? 在……對(duì)面

The post office is opposite to the station.

郵局在車站的對(duì)面。

His house is opposite to mine.

他家就在我家對(duì)面。

adj.? 對(duì)面的;相反的;對(duì)立的

I think the picture would look better on the opposite wall.

我認(rèn)為這幅畫掛在對(duì)面的墻上會(huì)好看些。

We hold the opposite opinions.

我們持相反的意見。

n.? 對(duì)立面;對(duì)立物;相反的人（物）

The chief of the group has given in to the opposite.

那個(gè)組織的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人歸降了對(duì)方。

adv.? 在對(duì)面地

They dont live on this side of the road. They live opposite.

他們不住在馬路這邊，他們住在對(duì)面。

比較：其他表位置的介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)，如：on，in front of，beside，next to的用法。

（1） on可以表示在（河、湖、海）畔

Chicago is on Lake Michigan.

芝加哥位于密歇根湖畔。

Shanghai lies on the west of the Pacific Ocean.

上海位于太平洋西岸。

（2） in front of? 在……的前面

There is a park in front of the house.

在那座房子的前面有一個(gè)公園。

He stood in front of me.

他站在我的前面。

（3） beside? 在……的旁邊

Come and sit beside me.

過(guò)來(lái)坐在我的旁邊。

The girl walked beside her mother.

那女孩和她的母親并肩而行。

（4） next to? 在……的旁邊;緊挨著

There is a building next to the post office.

郵局旁有一棟大樓。

Who is standing next to you？

誰(shuí)正站在你的旁邊？

6. look like? 看起來(lái)像

He looks like an athlete when he puts on that coat.

他穿上那件外套就像個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員。

He didnt look like the same person after his illness.

他病前病后判若兩人。

look，sound，feel，smell，taste都可作連系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞。如：The dish smells good！ 那道菜聞起來(lái)好香！

7. work on? 致力于;對(duì)……做工作;對(duì)……施加影響

Ive been working on a new project in China.

我一直在中國(guó)做一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目。

Shell work on him to make him change his mind.

她將努力說(shuō)服他改變主意。

8. because of? 因?yàn)?由于

They are here because of us.

他們是因?yàn)槲覀儾艁?lái)這里的。

He walks slowly because of his bad leg.

他因?yàn)橥炔环奖愣凶呔徛?/p>

Because of his wifes being there， I said nothing about it.

由于他的妻子在場(chǎng)，我便沒(méi)提這事。

比較：because，because of，as a result of，thanks to的區(qū)別

（1） because是從屬連詞，后面跟一個(gè)完整的句子。

because of是介詞短語(yǔ)，后面跟名詞、代詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)。

He came to work late because he got up late.

He came to work late because of getting up late.

他上班遲到了，因?yàn)樗鸫财鹜砹恕?/p>

（2） as a result of 作為……的結(jié)果，一般用作狀語(yǔ)。

As a result of the war， the lives of many people were lost.

由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，許多人失去了生命。

（3） thanks to幸虧，多虧，由于，因?yàn)?可用于表達(dá)正面意思，也可用于諷刺語(yǔ)氣，多放在句首。

Thanks to your help， I passed the test.

幸虧有你的幫助，我測(cè)試及格了。

Thanks to your rotten idea， we went a long way.

多虧了你的餿主意，害得我們走了不少冤枉路。

9. be known as? 作為……而出名/聞名

be known as后面一般跟表某種職業(yè)或身份的名詞。

Lu Xun is known as a writer.

魯迅作為作家而出名。

Jay Chou is known as a rapper.

周杰倫作為一個(gè)說(shuō)唱歌手而出名。

比較：be known for? 因……而出名

Her mother is known for her cooking.

她的母親以烹飪聞名。

Her mother is known as a cook.

她的母親作為一名廚師而聞名。

10. ever since? 自從……;一直……

ever since可作為副詞，表示“此后”就一直……

He fell ill at Christmas and has been ill ever since.

他在圣誕節(jié)生病了，此后就一直不適。

He left home last year and has been away ever since.

他去年離家出走了，此后一直在外面。

He went to Turkey in 1990 and has lived there ever since.

他在1990年去了土耳其，此后就一直住在那里。

ever since作連詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于since，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

I have known him ever since he was a child.

從小我就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。

We have lived in Shanghai ever since we came to China.

自從我們來(lái)到中國(guó)后就一直住在上海。

11. in terms of? 據(jù)……;依照……

It is difficult to express it in terms of science.

要從科學(xué)的角度來(lái)表達(dá)它是很困難的。

It is a bad year for films in terms of both quantity and quality.

今年的電影無(wú)論從數(shù)量上還是質(zhì)量上都說(shuō)不上好。

in ones term? 在某人看來(lái);根據(jù)某人的觀點(diǎn)

in the long/short term? 從長(zhǎng)期/短期來(lái)看

12. on the other hand? 另一方面;反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)

On the one hand， she teaches English; on the other hand she learns Chinese.

她一方面教英語(yǔ)，一方面學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。

Its cheap， but on the other hand it isnt good.

東西倒是便宜，就是不好。

13. Whats... like？ ……怎么樣/如何？

該句型就某人、某地或某事物的具體情況提問(wèn)。

Whats the weather like today？

今天的天氣如何？

Whats she like？

她人怎么樣？（問(wèn)相貌、性格、愛好等方面）

What do/does... look like？? ……長(zhǎng)什么樣？就某人、某地或某事物的外觀、外表提問(wèn)。

How do you like...？? 你認(rèn)為/感覺(jué)……如何/怎么樣？

What the earth does is revolving; what rivers do is running; what the youth do is advancing.

—Sándor Petofi

地球要做的事——旋轉(zhuǎn);江河要做的事——奔流;年輕人要做的事——前進(jìn)。

——裴多菲·山陀爾（匈牙利詩(shī)人）