中國公共社交空間的再思考
—— 北京鳳凰匯·里巷改造

責(zé)任編輯：張羽

Kokaistudios

一家涵蓋建筑及室內(nèi)設(shè)計的事務(wù)所，在業(yè)界屢獲殊榮，由意大利建筑師Filippo Gabbiani 和Andrea Destefanis于2000 年聯(lián)合創(chuàng)立于威尼斯。

Kokaistudios 專注于發(fā)展文化、商業(yè)、酒店及零售等方面的項目，更廣泛涉及城市更新與文化遺產(chǎn)再造的項目，旨在為項目所在的城市增添蓬勃生機(jī)。

Kokaistudios

It is an award winning architecture and interior design firm founded in 2000 in Venice by Italian architects Filippo Gabbiani & Andrea Destefanis.

Primarily focused on developing cultural, corporate, commercial, hospitality & retail projects we have also worked extensively on urban regeneration projects involving the requalification of heritage locations.

Kokaistudios aims to develop projects that add positively to the built environment and social fabric of the cities and countries in which they are located.

Andrea Destefanis

出生于意大利都靈，早年間即對視覺藝術(shù)和舞臺布景有濃厚的興趣。完成了威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)后，Andrea開始了同多個建筑事務(wù)所合作的職業(yè)生涯，參與了很多獲獎的建筑和城市規(guī)劃項目。受其對設(shè)計中不同領(lǐng)域的興趣驅(qū)動，Andrea 成立了合作工作室，致力于研究計算機(jī)平面設(shè)計的創(chuàng)新方法。2000 年他與Filippo Gabbiani 共同成立了Kokaistudios 設(shè)計事務(wù)所。

ANDREA DESTEFANIS

Born in Turin, Italy, Andrea Destefanis developed very early a strong interest for visual arts and scenography. After graduating from University of Architecture Venice, he started to cooperate with several architectural firms and developed award winning projects in architecture and city planning. Moved by his personal interest in different fields of design he founded a cooperative studio focused on research of innovative instrument of design in computer graphics before co-founding Kokaistudios together with Filippo Gabbiani.

Filippo Gabbiani

出生于意大利威尼斯，自幼展現(xiàn)出對藝術(shù)和設(shè)計的多重興趣。在完成了威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)后，出于其對不同學(xué)科和多元文化的好奇心，F(xiàn)ilippo 先后闖蕩于歐洲數(shù)國及美國，曾與多家世界頂級的建筑、室內(nèi)及工業(yè)設(shè)計事務(wù)所合作。2000 年他與Andrea Destefanis 共同成立了Kokaistudios 設(shè)計事務(wù)所。

FILIPPO GABBIANI

Born in Venice, Italy, Filippo Gabbiani developed very early a multidisciplinary interest for art and design. Upon graduating from the University of Architecture Venice, he began work on a European Community sponsored research project on the usage of alternative energies in architecture and worked in several countries in Europe and in the U.S.A. cooperating with prestigious firms of architecture, interior and industrial design before meeting Andrea Destefanis with whom he founded Kokaistudios in 2000.

1 總平面圖

項目地點(diǎn)：北京

占地面積： 12,000 sqm

建成時間：2020.1

業(yè)主：華潤置地

服務(wù)范圍： 城市更新+景觀設(shè)計+建筑立面改造

首席設(shè)計師：Andrea Destefanis、 Filippo Gabbiani

設(shè)計總監(jiān)：Pietro Peyron

建筑設(shè)計經(jīng)理：Andrea Antonucci

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊：陸恬、趙牧、陳芳汀、 Marta Pinheiro、

朱文夜、趙清、劉暢

攝影：金偉琦

撰文：Frances Arnold

媒體負(fù)責(zé)：Jacqueline Chiang

建筑施工圖設(shè)計：中國建筑科學(xué)研究院

景觀深化設(shè)計：里表都會

燈光顧問：北京光石普羅照明設(shè)計有限公司

幕墻顧問：北京京通華幕墻工程咨詢有限公司

標(biāo)識顧問：Graphia International Limited

Location: Beijing

Site area: 12,000 sqm

Date of completion: July 2020

Client: CR Land

Service Scope: Urban Renewal + Landscape Design + Architecture Facade

Renovation

Chief Designers: Andrea Destefanis、Filippo Gabbiani

Design Director: Pietro Peyron

Architecture Design Manager: Andrea Antonucci

Design Team: Andrea Antonucci、Lu Tian、Zhao Muyun、Christine Chen、Marta

Pinheiro、Zhu Wenye、Pablo Zhao、Liu Chang

Photography: Jin Weiqi

Text: Frances Arnold

Media contact: Jacqueline Chiang

Architecture LDI: China Academy of Building Research

Landscape Design Development: UNLIMITED METROPOLIS DESIGN

Lighting Consultant: BEIJING PRO LIGHTING DESIGN CO., LTD.

Curtain Wall Consultant: Beijing Jingtonghua Curtain Wall Consulting Co., Ltd

Signage Consultant: Graphia International Limited

Kokaistudios 在城市更新項目上一直享有斐然的聲譽(yù)，最近更為北京的一條曾經(jīng)疏于使用的街道注入了新活力。設(shè)計利用一系列的景觀雨蓬和增加公共休閑座椅等方式，對這個被忽視的地塊進(jìn)行徹底改造，為中國的公共空間樹立了新典范。

受華潤置地的委托，Kokaistudios 近期對北京鳳凰匯·里巷（以下簡稱“里巷”）進(jìn)行更新設(shè)計。從宏觀到微觀，設(shè)計采用了多樣的干預(yù)方式，嵌入對人體尺度的關(guān)鍵性思考，以歡迎式的姿態(tài)邀請公眾參與其中，全面提升了過去未被充分利用的荒蕪空間。改造后的里巷流線清晰，滿足了周邊居民及游客需求，成為了一條專注于服務(wù)社區(qū)生活方式的公共性街道。

里巷位于北京東北部的朝陽區(qū)，這里是國內(nèi)城市中混合公共空間的典型代表。這類空間的生活方式元素主要針對社區(qū)，兼具商業(yè)、居住和休閑步行等功能。以里巷為例，它包括兒童游樂區(qū)、遮陽避雨的景觀雨蓬、豐富的公共休閑座位，以及可舉辦市集、露天音樂會等戶外活動的靈活空間。

2 景觀亭結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)

1 景觀亭夜景特寫

2 藝術(shù)空間

3 餐飲市集

4 親子游樂空間

盡管這里有幾個核心地標(biāo)，即鳳凰匯購物中心、三元橋地鐵站和一座過于冗長的混凝土步行天橋，但這些元素互不關(guān)聯(lián)，缺乏視覺上的統(tǒng)一性。公共休閑座椅的缺失不僅造成了街道的空曠感，也形成了對人體及視覺不友善的規(guī)模尺度。

Kokaistudios 的第一個設(shè)計舉措就是拆除了貫通里巷兩端的混凝土步行天橋。這是一條在步行街上的非必要冗余元素，當(dāng)?shù)鼐用癫⒉幌矏鬯?，也基本沒被使用過；然而它卻阻礙了街道兩端的視線，成為一個負(fù)面因素。拆除天橋后空間大大開放，進(jìn)一步突出了商街缺乏特色的事實，也為后期的更新設(shè)計提供了多樣的機(jī)會。

設(shè)計對該區(qū)域景觀進(jìn)行整體提升，引進(jìn)了旨在公眾互動參與的元素。特別的是，整條商街覆蓋著一系列的景觀雨蓬網(wǎng)絡(luò)，從視覺上破開了原本空曠的空間。這一連串的景觀雨蓬不僅提供了歡迎式的遮陽場所，在夜幕降臨時頂棚被點(diǎn)亮，渲染氣氛的同時也帶來了夜視安全和保障。它們仿佛是一串相連的群島，被設(shè)計成有著多種功能的綠洲：它們包括兒童游樂區(qū)、成簇的綠植區(qū)、公共休閑長椅……最中心的景觀雨蓬也是一個多功能的露天平臺，可以舉辦各類室外活動，也為未來里巷的拓展創(chuàng)造了可能性。

5 商業(yè)立面特寫

1 改造后空間流線

細(xì)微的干預(yù)設(shè)計在里巷的改造中也發(fā)揮了作用。眾多的定制化元素呈現(xiàn)了設(shè)計對細(xì)節(jié)的密切關(guān)注，于微末處提高了項目的質(zhì)量。例如，精細(xì)的雨水收集系統(tǒng)和網(wǎng)格狀的金屬樹篦可全面保護(hù)植物根部。

設(shè)計還對現(xiàn)有及未來商戶的沿街立面進(jìn)行了全面提升。例如對健身房、餐廳、私人俱樂部的沿街立面，采用橫向百葉的設(shè)計語言統(tǒng)一起來，這樣在視覺上就有了更強(qiáng)烈的主題化聯(lián)系。延伸的露臺是餐飲店的主要特色，周邊圍繞著蔥郁的花圃；巧妙安置的外擺區(qū)木地板、粗糲的石材元素，以樹木作襯，構(gòu)成了北京中心區(qū)的一方自然空間。設(shè)計的整體效果令人倍感愜意，更契合里巷精致的生活方式調(diào)性。

里巷于2020 年改造完工。它從一個曾經(jīng)未被充分利用、與周邊環(huán)境脫節(jié)的荒蕪地塊一躍成為極具吸引力、功能性和配有靈活設(shè)施的多元化社交空間，這一轉(zhuǎn)變提振了周邊居民的生活和該地塊的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。如今，這個城市更新項目以其多功能的露天活動空間吸引了高端企業(yè)和社區(qū)活動的青睞，為中國公共空間設(shè)計樹立了新的標(biāo)桿。

Building on a solid reputation for urban regeneration and renewal, Kokaistudios recently breathed new life into an overlooked and underused Beijing street. Drawing on design interventions including a net-work of canopies and increased seating, the project overhauls a neglected district to set a new bench-mark for China’s public spaces.

Kokaistudios was recently commissioned by property developer CR Land to redesign Galleria-Instreet (Hereinafter referred to as “Instreet”) in central Beijing. Calling for interventions both large and small, the extensive urban renewal project has transformed what was previously an underused, sparse space by injecting all-important human scale to invite public participation. The result is a clear flow to this formerly disjointed thoroughfare, as well as community-focused lifestyle elements to cater to both residents and visitors.

Located in Chaoyang District in the northeast of Beijing, Instreet is now representative of a hybridized public space prototype that is becoming increasingly popular in Chinese cities. Comprising commercial functions as well as residential, and typically pedestrian, they feature lifestyle elements aimed squarely at communities. In the case of Instreet, these include children’s play areas, a network of canopies to provide welcome shade, plentiful public seating, and flexible spaces for markets, concerts, and outdoor events of all kinds.

Despite several core landmarks - namely, a main entrance to both Phoenix Mall plus Sanyuanqiao sub-way station, as well as a longredundant concrete bridge - the street lacked visual unity, its various ele-ments disparate and unconnected. An absence of public seating contributed to not only the street’s empty feel, but also its non-human scale.

2 孩子們與空間的互動

Kokaistudios’ first action was to demolish the concrete bridge that once connected the two ends of In-street. An unnecessary feature along an already pedestrianized route, and disliked by locals, it was largely unused. Furthermore, it brought the negative effect of obstructing the line of sight from one end of the street to the other. Its razing opened up the space significantly, further highlighting the street’s distinct lack of character. At the same time, the bridge’s demolition presented multiple opportunities for design interventions.

A total re-landscaping of the area saw the introduction of instruments aimed at encouraging public inter-action and use. In particular, a network of canopies running the length of the street visually interrupt the otherwise empty space. Not only does the string of shelters provide welcome shade, come nightfall they light up in a way that is not only atmospheric, but also brings safety and security. Resembling an archi-pelago, they are designed as oases of various activities. These include a children’s play area; clusters of green planters; as well as plentiful benches. At the centre is a versatile open-air platform for events of all kinds, further opening Instreet for future actions and possibilities.

Smaller interventions also play a part in Instreet’s redesign. For example, an intricate rain collection sys-tem and custom-made elements such as steel tree root guard meshes are representative of the project’s close attention to detail, and elevation in quality on what was previously in place.

Frontages of existing commercial tenants, as well as future ones, have also been given an overhaul. That includes a new louvered facade to a multipurpose facility comprising a gym, restaurant, and private club for residents. Now more visually and thematically linked, a mainstay of F&B outlets feature extend-ed terraces, surrounded by planters. The smart wooden decks, combined with rough stone elements, as well as additional trees all make for a pocket of nature in the heart of Beijing. The overall eあect is wel-coming, comfortable and in keeping with Instreet’s refined lifestyle focus.

Completed in 2020, Instreet’s shift from underused, disjointed and bare, to a space that invites interac-tion through attractive, useful, and flexible facilities has been transformative both for residents, as well as the area’s economy. Now attracting higher-end businesses, as well as community initiatives by way of its multipurpose, open-air events platforms, the urban renewal project sets a benchmark for public space design in China.