教學(xué)考試雜志社“優(yōu)師計劃”階段性成果展示
——高考重點題型相關(guān)試題選登

Passage 1

Those working on behalf of ___61___ poor and the disabled might be inspired by a 73-year-old British woman,Rachel Pinniger,who has devoted years to ___62___ (train) doctors in the countryside around Asia.

It was in 2011 that she came to Chengdu.Rachel first started writing a book for rural ___63___ (physician) and then started her business by collecting handmade products,____64__can reduce local families’ financial burdens.To expand the market for her products,Rachel organized her overseas friends to buy the products as home decorations or gifts.She would also offer suggestions to local craftsmen (工匠) and help them find training to become ___65___ (professional) than before.

To further her efforts in China,Rachel,in 2013,opened a handicraft shop in Chengdu.Called “Blue Sheep”,it offers a wide ___66___ (various) of handmade ethnic (民族的) items.Although small,the store ___67___ (benefit) more than 600 poor families living in mountain areas so far.Rachel said that all the craft items ___68___ (display) at her store were made by the hands of those ethnic minority families and by the ___69___ (physical)disabled.

Unfortunately,she got cancer last year,but after a short period of treatment,she still insisted on opening the shop,and went into remote areas to help those ___70___ need.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了英國老奶奶Rachel Pinniger身患癌癥，卻在成都開了家小店，改變了很多人的一生的感人事跡。

61.【答案】the

【考查角度】考查冠詞。

【解題分析】 the加形容詞表示一類人。the poor意為“窮人”。故填the。

62.【答案】training

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】devote one’s time to doing sth.是固定搭配，意為“投入某人的時間做某事”。介詞to后應(yīng)接動名詞。故填training。

63.【答案】physicians

【考查角度】考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

【解題分析】此處表示Rachel首次為鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生寫書。此處泛指“鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生”，其前無冠詞，且physician為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填physicians。

64.【答案】which

【考查角度】考查定語從句。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。故填which。

65.【答案】more professional

【考查角度】考查形容詞的比較等級。

【解題分析】根據(jù)空格后的“than before”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級形式。故填more professional。

66.【答案】variety

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】由空格前的“a wide”和空格后的“of ”可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式。故填variety。

67.【答案】has benefited

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。

【解題分析】根據(jù)空格后的“so far”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時；且主語“the store”是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞也應(yīng)用單三形式。故填has benefited。

68.【答案】displayed

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】邏輯主語“craft items”和動詞display之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填displayed。

69.【答案】physically

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞“disabled”，作狀語。故填physically。

70.【答案】in

【考查角度】考查介詞。

【解題分析】固定短語in need意為“處于貧困中”。故填in。

【亮點句積累】To further her efforts in China,Rachel,in 2013,opened a handicraft shop in Chengdu.(第二段第一句)

譯文：為了在中國做進(jìn)一步努力，2013年，Rachel在成都開了一家手工藝商品店。

詞匯積累：devotev.奉獻(xiàn)ruraladj.農(nóng)村的

burdenn.負(fù)擔(dān)

Passage 2

Two-way communication is a process where two people are able to communicate in an interactive (互動的) way.This means that one person expresses an idea,which ___61___ (receive)and understood by the other person.___62___ receiver processes what has been said,and returns with a message,___63___ (allow)both sides in this process to communicate and understand each other.Two-way communication can also refer ___64___ a type of process where a company and another group exchange ideas.

The basic idea behind two-way communication is that there are two parties ___65___ (concern) and each one is able to express itself and receive information from the other.It is different from forms of communication in ___66___ only one party is able to express itself,such as a radio or television broadcast.In this type of communication，the ___67___ (able)for each party to express their ideas ___68___ (clear) is vital to this process.Finally be aware that non-verbal (非語言的)communication is typically used ___69___ (make) sure that one party understands the other accurately,___70___ verbal forms of expression are often important.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了雙向溝通的特點及其作用。

61.【答案】is received

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。

【選項分析】understood前因并列連詞and省略了動詞is,注意此空不要受understood影響而盲目填received。

【解題分析】根據(jù)上文中的“means”可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時；主語“an idea”與receive之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)；且主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞應(yīng)為單三形式。故填is received。

62.【答案】The

【考查角度】考查冠詞。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用定冠詞the特指雙向溝通中收到信息的一方。故填The。注意首字母大寫。

63.【答案】allowing

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】根據(jù)語境可知，收到信息的一方處理之前的談話，并回信息，使在這個過程中的雙方能夠彼此交流，互相理解。此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示必然的結(jié)果。故填allowing。

64.【答案】to

【考查角度】考查介詞。

【解題分析】refer to為固定搭配，意為“指的是”。故填to。

65.【答案】concerned

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】“parties”與concern之間構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用concerned作“parties”的后置定語。故填concerned。

66.【答案】which

【考查角度】考查定語從句。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用in which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“communication”，注意前面有介詞in，不能用that。故填which。

67.【答案】ability

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】根據(jù)語境可知，在這種交流形式中，雙方能清楚地表達(dá)自己的想法對于交流過程來說是至關(guān)重要的。此處應(yīng)用名詞作句子的主語。故填ability。

68.【答案】clearly

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞“express”。故填clearly。

69.【答案】to make

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】根據(jù)語境可知，為了確保一方能夠準(zhǔn)確理解另一方的意思，非語言形式的表達(dá)通常也被用到。此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式表目的。故填to make。

70.【答案】although/though

【考查角度】考查連詞。

【選項分析】注意此空不要填but。but為并列連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。在使用but的并列句時，其重點在but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折句。而本句的重點在于逗號前面，逗號后面although/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句起補充說明作用。

【解題分析】此處表示“非語言形式表達(dá)通常也會用到，盡管語言表達(dá)的形式很重要。”此處應(yīng)用although或though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故填although/though。

【長難句分析】Two-way communication is a process where two people are able to communicate in an interactive (互動的) way.（第一段第一句）

分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是a process。

譯文：雙向交流是一種兩個人以互動形式進(jìn)行交流的過程。

【詞匯積累】exchangev.交換broadcastn.廣播

accuratelyadv.準(zhǔn)確地，精確地

expressionn.表達(dá)

Passage 3

We used to believe there were nine planets,___61___ now there are eight (Pluto is not a planet).Now we may also have to change how many continents there are.We ___62___ (teach)there are seven—Asia,Africa,North and South America,Antarctica,Europe,and Australia.Geologists (地質(zhì)學(xué)者)now say there is an ___63___ (eight) continent—Zealandia.This is a big,___64___ (main) underwater landmass (大陸) in the Pacific Ocean.Six per cent of it is above water and is New Zealand and New Caledonia.The rest ___65___ (be) under the ocean.It is five million square kilometres,___66___ scientists say is big enough to be a continent.

Geologists said Zealandia is a continent because of four__67___ (point):It is a lot higher than the area around it,it has a special geology (地質(zhì)概況),it is easy to see its shape,and it is_68___ (thick) than the ocean floor.A geologist said it would be easy to understand that Zealandia is a continent,“if you could pull the plug on the world’s oceans”and let ___69___ water out.It may take time for scientists ___70___ (agree) there are eight continents.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一個新大陸Zealandia，并介紹了該大陸的特點。

61.【答案】but

【考查角度】考查連詞。

【解題分析】根據(jù)上下文語境可知，兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。

62.【答案】are taught

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句描述的是客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；且主語“We”與動詞teach之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填are taught。

63.【答案】 eighth

【考查角度】考查序數(shù)詞。

【解題分析】根據(jù)語境可知，Zealandia是第八個大陸。故填eighth。

64.【答案】mainly

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞“underwater”。故填mainly。

65.【答案】is

【考查角度】考查主謂一致。

【解題分析】根據(jù)上文語境可知，此處“The rest”指94%的大陸，在句中作主語時，謂語動詞為單數(shù)形式。故填is。

66.【答案】 which

【考查角度】考查定語從句。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“five million square kilometres”，在從句中作主語。故填which。

67.【答案】 points

【考查角度】考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

【解題分析】數(shù)詞“four”后應(yīng)接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填points。

68.【答案】thicker

【考查角度】考查形容詞的比較等級。

【解題分析】根據(jù)下文中的“than”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級形式。故填thicker。

69.【答案】the

【考查角度】考查冠詞。

【解題分析】此處特指上文提到的世界海洋中的水，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。

70.【答案】 to agree

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】固定句式It takes some time for sb.to do sth.意為“某人花費多少時間做某事?！惫侍顃o agree。

【長難句分析】 It is five million square kilometres,which scientists say is big enough to be a continent.（第一段最后一句）

分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；該從句中的scientists say為插入語。

譯文：Zealandia有五百萬平方公里，科學(xué)家們說它足夠大，足以成為一個大陸。

【詞匯積累】planetn.行星continentn.大陸

arean.地區(qū)geologistn.地質(zhì)學(xué)家

Passage 4

Tang Yin (唐寅1470 -1524) was a leading poet,calligrapher(書法家）and painter of ___61___ Ming dynasty (1368 -1644)in China.He was recognized ___62___ one of the four most outstanding scholars in Jiangnan.However,due to the law case in which he was involved in,he failed ___63___ (become) an official and had to earn his living by painting.After that,he devoted ___64___ (he) to painting.___65___ (creative),he combined the painting styles of the north with the south.The painting,Thatched Cottage in the Western Mountains(《西山草堂圖》）,__66___ (produce) by Tang for a scholar from Jiangsu Province,Ding Qiande,to celebrate his purchase of a new residence.It gives an ___67___ (impress) of Ding’s new home as an ideal scholar’s cottage nestled in a landscape,___68___ (overlook) a stretch of water.Ding is shown reading inside his cottage with a ___69___ (consider) servant by his side as he waits for a visitor.This painting was once in the Qing royal collection and carries an inscription (題詞）by the Qianlong emperor,___70___ ruled from 1736 to 1795.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了我國明代著名的畫家、書法家和詩人——唐寅,以及他的一幅畫作。

61.【答案】the

【考查角度】考查冠詞。

【解題分析】表示朝代的名詞前應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。

62.【答案】as

【考查角度】考查介詞。

【解題分析】be recognized as意為“被認(rèn)為是”，為固定搭配。故填as。

63.【答案】to become

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】fail to do sth.意為“做某事失敗”，為固定搭配。故填 to become。

64.【答案】himself

【考查角度】考查代詞。

【解題分析】devote oneself to sth.意為“致力于做某事”，為固定搭配，且此處主語是“he”。故填himself。

65.【答案】Creatively

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，修飾整個句子。故填Creatively。注意首字母大寫。

66.【答案】is produced

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語“painting”與produce之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用produce的被動形式；且此處是在陳述事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語是“painting”，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單三形式。故填is produced。

67.【答案】impression

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用名詞作“gives”的賓語。故填impression。

68.【答案】overlooking

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示“俯瞰一片水域”。故填overlooking。

69.【答案】considerate

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞“servant”。故填considerate。

70.【答案】who

【考查角度】考查定語從句。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是“Qianlong emperor”，指人，因此應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)。故填who。

【亮點句積累】The painting,Thatched Cottage in the Western Mountains(《西山草堂圖》）,is produced by Tang for a scholar from Jiangsu Province,Ding Qiande,to celebrate his purchase of a new residence.（第六句）

譯文：《西山草堂圖》是唐寅畫來贈予一位來自江蘇省叫做Ding Qiande的學(xué)者的喬遷之作。

詞匯積累：residencen.住宅 landscapen.風(fēng)景

earn one’s living謀生

Passage 5

This traditional Chinese food dates back almost 2 000 years.During the Lunar New Year,dumplings are ___61___ essential dish to enjoy during the celebrations.

The classic fold of Chinese dumplings ___62___ (shape) like a silver ingot (錠，鑄塊),a currency in ancient China.The belief is that the ___63___ (many) dumplings you make and eat,the more money and wealth you will make for the New Year.Dumplings represent the changing or exchange of new time.By ___64 (consume)the dumplings you are welcoming the new year and new fortunes.

__65___ (typical),families will gather ___66___ Lunar New Year’s Eve to make dumplings together.Wheat flour wraps are filled with regional ingredients such as pork,shrimp,chicken,or ___67___ (vegetable).Sometimes dumplings are folded ___68(look) like small purse,___69___ is another symbol of wealth.“They can be steamed,pan-fried,or deep-fried.If you want to start your own dumpling-making tradition,___70___ (try)my Chicken Mushroom Pot Stickers and Vegetable Tofu Dumplings,”said Chef Henry Lu of Loosie’s Kitchen in Brooklyn,New York.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的一道傳統(tǒng)飲食——餃子以及它的歷史、形狀、食用餃子的節(jié)日和寓意。

61.【答案】an

【考查角度】考查冠詞。

【解題分析】此處泛指“一道必不可少的食物”，且“essential”是讀音以元音音素開頭的單詞，應(yīng)用an修飾。故填an。

62.【答案】is shaped

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語“The classic fold”與 shape之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)語境可知，此處陳述的是客觀情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；且主語“The classic fold”為單數(shù)，謂語動詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填is shaped。

63.【答案】more

【考查角度】考查形容詞的比較等級。

【解題分析】根據(jù)下文中的“the more money”可知，此處使用固定句型“the more...,the more...”，意為“越……越……”。故填more。

64.【答案】consuming

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】介詞“By”后應(yīng)接動名詞。故填consuming。

65.【答案】Typically

【考查角度】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個句子。故填Typically。注意首字母大寫。

66.【答案】on

【考查角度】考查介詞。

【解題分析】此處表示在中國春節(jié)的除夕夜，表示具體某一天應(yīng)用介詞on。故填on。

67.【答案】vegetables

【考查角度】考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

【解題分析】此處表示豬肉，蝦肉，雞肉和蔬菜都是餃子餡的原料。vegetable表示種類時，是可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)是多種蔬菜，所以應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填vegetables。

68.【答案】to look

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】此處表示餃子被包成看起來像小錢包的樣子，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to look。

69.【答案】which

【考查角度】考查定語從句。

【解題分析】空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“small purse”,指物，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)。故填which。

70.【答案】try

【考查角度】考查祈使句。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為祈使句，應(yīng)用動詞原形。故填try。

詞匯積累：essentialadj.必要的

representv.代表，象征

date back追溯到

Passage 6

The first Confucius Institute(CI) opened on 21 November 2004 in Seoul,South Korea,after Hanban established ___61_pilot institute in Tashkent,Uzbekistan in June 2004.The CI in South Korea ___62___ (be) no longer active now.The second Confucius Institute opened on the campus of the University of Maryland,College Park,also in November 2004.Hundreds more ___63___ (found) since in dozens of countries around the world,with the highest concentration of Institutes in the United States,Japan,and South Korea.In April 2007,the first research-based Confucius Institute opened in Waseda University in Japan,___64___ is very popular now.In partnership with Peking University,the program promotes research ___65(activity) of graduate students ___66___ (study) Chinese.As of 2014,there were over 480 Confucius Institutes in dozens of countries ___67___ six continents.The Ministry of Education estimates 100 million people overseas may be learning Chinese by 2010 and ___68___ the program is expanding ___69___ (rapid)in order to keep up.Hanban aims ___70___ (establish) 1 000 Confucius Institutes by 2020.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了孔子學(xué)院的歷史、現(xiàn)狀及其未來發(fā)展的前景。

61.【答案】a

【考查角度】考查冠詞。

【解題分析】此處泛指“一所試點學(xué)院”，且“pilot”是讀音以輔音音素開頭的單詞，其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。

62.【答案】is

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。

【解題分析】句意為：現(xiàn)在，韓國的孔子學(xué)院不再活躍了。主語“The CI”是單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；且根據(jù)文章時態(tài)可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is。

63.【答案】have been founded

【考查角度】考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。

【解題分析】主語“Hundreds more”為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；且主語“Hundreds more”與動詞found之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)“since”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填have been founded。

64.【答案】which

【考查角度】考查定語從句。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是“the first research-based Confucius Institute”，指物，在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)該從句。故填which。

65.【答案】activities

【考查角度】考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

【解題分析】activity為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示“研究生的活動”，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填activities。

66.【答案】studying

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】此處表示“研究漢語的研究生”，且“graduate students”和study之間是主動關(guān)系。故填studying。

67.【答案】on

【考查角度】考查介詞。

【解題分析】此處表示“在六大洲的國家”，應(yīng)用介詞on。故填on。

68.【答案】that

【考查角度】考查賓語從句。

【解題分析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語從句。本句謂語動詞“estimates”后有兩個從句，第一個從句中的that可以省略；第二個從句中的that不可省略，否則會引起語義混亂。故填that。

69.【答案】rapidly

【考查角度】考查副詞。

【解題分析】此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞“expanding”。故填rapidly。

70.【答案】to establish

【考查角度】考查非謂語動詞。

【解題分析】aims to do為固定用法，意為“目標(biāo)為……”。故填to establish。

【亮點句積累】Hundreds more have been founded since in dozens of countries around the world,with the highest concentration of Institutes in the United States,Japan,and South Korea.（第四句）

譯文：從那時起，幾百家孔子學(xué)院在世界各地開辦起來，最受人關(guān)注的是建在美國、日本和韓國的孔子學(xué)院。