首批20項(xiàng)“浙江文化印記”誕生

李玲玲

浙江歷史悠久、源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。在這片神奇的土地上，浙江人民創(chuàng)造了千姿百態(tài)、光輝燦爛的文化成果。

經(jīng)過(guò)一年的征集、評(píng)審，2020年5月首批共20項(xiàng)“浙江文化印記”在杭州誕生。

按照歷史時(shí)序排列，首批“浙江文化印記”分別是：河姆渡遺址、良渚古城遺址、杭嘉湖絲綢、青瓷、西施傳說(shuō)、紹興黃酒、天臺(tái)山、《蘭亭序》、京杭大運(yùn)河浙江段、杭州西湖、普陀山、錢塘潮、南宋皇城遺址、南宗孔廟、浙東學(xué)派、婺劇、龍井茶、西泠印社、南湖紅船、越劇。

浙江歷史悠久、源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，是中華文明的發(fā)祥地之一。在這片神奇的土地上，浙江人民創(chuàng)造了千姿百態(tài)、光輝燦爛的文化成果，文物遺跡數(shù)不勝數(shù)，文化精品琳瑯滿目，文化樣式異彩紛呈，為豐富和發(fā)展中華文化作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。發(fā)掘好、傳承好、利用好浙江優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化資源，是歷史賦予我們的重要使命。去年以來(lái)，“浙江文化印記”征集評(píng)選活動(dòng)在浙江開(kāi)展。通過(guò)廣泛征集、專家評(píng)審和社會(huì)投票，不久前產(chǎn)生了首批20項(xiàng)“浙江文化印記”。

本次征集評(píng)選范圍分物質(zhì)形態(tài)和非物質(zhì)形態(tài)兩大類，以歷史文化資源和文化現(xiàn)象為主，兼顧現(xiàn)當(dāng)代，主要包括遺址文物、歷史事件、思想學(xué)派、著作著述、藝術(shù)樣式、文化機(jī)構(gòu)、民俗節(jié)慶、經(jīng)典產(chǎn)品、文化地標(biāo)等9個(gè)門類，文化人物未列入本次評(píng)選。

從首批20項(xiàng)“浙江文化印記”的類別來(lái)看，品種豐富，較為全面地展現(xiàn)了浙江悠久的歷史和深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)。這20項(xiàng)“文化印記”中，有遺址文物5項(xiàng)，包括杭州西湖、京杭大運(yùn)河浙江段、良渚古城遺址等被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄的項(xiàng)目;有經(jīng)典產(chǎn)品4項(xiàng)，包括杭嘉湖絲綢、青瓷、龍井茶、紹興黃酒;有藝術(shù)樣式兩項(xiàng)，為越劇、婺劇;歷史事件1項(xiàng)，為南湖紅船。從項(xiàng)目地域分布來(lái)看，覆蓋了我省11個(gè)地市。

在征集評(píng)選的條件上，要求具有“四個(gè)性”：一是經(jīng)典性，為浙江優(yōu)秀文化代表。如入選的《蘭亭序》，為“天下第一行書”，是書圣王羲之的代表作，是思想性和藝術(shù)性相統(tǒng)一的文化精品，是經(jīng)得起歷史檢驗(yàn)的傳世之作;二是地域性，體現(xiàn)地方文化特色，為當(dāng)?shù)匚幕瘶?biāo)記標(biāo)識(shí)。如西湖、普陀山，就是杭州、舟山這兩個(gè)地方最具代表性的文化地標(biāo);三是獨(dú)特性，為浙江獨(dú)有。如越劇和婺劇，就是誕生在浙江、成長(zhǎng)在浙江的傳統(tǒng)劇種，具有獨(dú)一無(wú)二的特征;四是傳承性，承載文明、傳承文化，維系民族精神。如本次入選的浙東學(xué)派，繼承和發(fā)展了浙東學(xué)術(shù)史上的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，博納兼容，倡導(dǎo)“經(jīng)世致用”，幾百年來(lái)始終浸潤(rùn)、滋養(yǎng)著浙江人民，影響著浙江人民的價(jià)值追求，其中的永嘉學(xué)派也是當(dāng)代浙江人“敢為天下先”創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新精神的源頭活水。

這20項(xiàng)浙江文化印記是怎么脫穎而出的？

因?yàn)椤罢憬幕∮洝闭骷u(píng)選關(guān)乎浙江的文化發(fā)展，影響著百姓的精神文化生活，所以體現(xiàn)規(guī)范性、專業(yè)性，體現(xiàn)廣大群眾的參與度、認(rèn)同度就是題中之義。本次“浙江文化印記”征集評(píng)選活動(dòng)，就包括四個(gè)階段——

征集工作于2019年5月5日啟動(dòng)，通過(guò)各縣（市、區(qū)）、市、省級(jí)宣傳文化單位層層篩選，逐級(jí)報(bào)送。除此之外，省級(jí)主要媒體發(fā)布《“文化印記”征集令》，開(kāi)設(shè)網(wǎng)上征集通道，接受社會(huì)各界人士積極參與。至去年7月底止，共征集到參評(píng)項(xiàng)目399個(gè)。

堅(jiān)持用史實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)話，對(duì)參評(píng)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行反復(fù)論證，嚴(yán)把質(zhì)量關(guān)。經(jīng)過(guò)3輪專家評(píng)審，從399個(gè)項(xiàng)目中篩選出30個(gè)首批“文化印記”候選項(xiàng)目，形成首批“文化印記”建議名單。

去年11月，通過(guò)省級(jí)主要媒體，對(duì)30個(gè)首批“文化印記”候選項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行群眾投票，社會(huì)各界熱心人士積極響應(yīng)，僅錢江晚報(bào)小時(shí)新聞客戶端閱讀量就達(dá)95.3萬(wàn)、公眾投票量12.5萬(wàn)。

在群眾投票的基礎(chǔ)上，主辦方召開(kāi)專題會(huì)議進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)審，從30個(gè)候選項(xiàng)目中選取20項(xiàng)作為首批“浙江文化印記”建議名單提交并最終審定。

On May 15， 2015， a press conference was held in Hangzhou to announce the 20 representative cultural symbols of Zhejiang. Chronologically， the twenty symbols are as follows： the site of Hemudu Culture， the ancient city of Liangzhu Culture， Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou silk， celadon， the legend of Xi Shi， the Shaoxing rice wine， Mount Tiantai， ?， the Zhejiang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal， the West Lake of Hangzhou， Mount Putuo， the tidal bore of the Qiantang River， the site of the imperial city of the Southern Song， the Confucius Temple of the South， the Eastern Zhejiang School， Wuju Opera， Dragon Well Tea， Xiling Seal Art Society， Red Boat of the South Lake， Yueju Opera. It is the first time that Zhejiang is culturally identified. There will be more cultural symbols of the province to be identified.

The selection is confined to both tangible and intangible categories. The first list does not include cultural figures. The two categories include historical and cultural resources and cultural phenomena of the past and the present in nine subcategories： ancient archaeological sites， historical events， thought and academic schools， writings， art genres， cultural institutions， folk celebrities， traditional products， and physical cultural signposts.

The work of the public selection of the cultural symbols started on May 5， 2019.

The recommendation was done by cultural institutions across Zhejiang in respective cities and by the general public online. By the end of July 2019， there had been 399 candidates recommended.

Then experts were engaged to review the long list. The 399 candidates were scrutinized on the basis of historical facts and data. After three rounds of reviews， 30 were shortlisted. Last November， the 30 candidates were issued on news media for the public voting. Hundreds of thousands voted.

With the votes in， the organizers held a special session to finalize a list of 20 winners.

The first 20 are indeed representative cultural symbols of Zhejiang. Of the 20， there are five cultural heritages. The West Lake， the Zhejiang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal， and the archaeological site of Liangzhu City are UNESCO world heritage sites. Silk， celadon， Dragon Well Tea and Shaoxing rice wine are time-honored regional products. In the subcategory of art genres are Wuju Opera and Yueju Opera， two unique regional operas that enjoy wide popularity. The Red Boat of the South Lake symbolizes the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921. The founding fathers of the CPC met in the boat on the lake and ushered in a political party that has brought huge and fundamental changes to China. Eastern Zhejiang School is on the list essentially because the prominent academic group left huge impact on the history of Zhejiang. The school emphasized that knowledge should lead to pragmatic applications and bring benefits to the general public. What the school championed so many centuries ago is on the mind of the people in Zhejiang. The Yongjia School， part of the Eastern Zhejiang School， upheld “dare to pioneer，” a cultural characteristic of the province， which has made Zhejiang stand out as a daring pioneer in Chinas reform and opening up to the outside world. ?is a unique cultural treasure Zhejiang boasts. Calligrapher Wang Xizhi （303-361） wrote this timeless essay after a springtime gathering in Orchid Pavilion in Zhejiang. The handwritten masterpiece is part of the canon of Chinese calligraphy. The West Lake and Mount Putuo are physical cultural landmarks of Hangzhou and Zhoushan respectively.