Google Search Tips谷歌搜索小貼士

戴維·A.維塞 馬克·馬爾西德

1. Google can be your phone book. Type a business name and city/state or zip directly into the search box， and Google will deliver phone and address listings at the top of the results with a map.

Bonus tip： Google can also work as a reverse directory1; if all you have is a phone number， type it in and any matches will appear in the results.

2. Google can be your calculator. Type a math problem or conversion into the search box and Google will compute it. You can spell out the equation in words （two plus two， twelve divided by three， pints in a quart）， use numbers and symbols （2+2， 12/3）， or type in a combination of both （15% of fifty， 2 acres in square feet）.

3. Longer is better， but shorter is okay. Google is designed to return high-quality results even for one-or two-word queries， so you can keep your searches short. But adding a few more words often yields better results.

Example： While gathering information on applying to colleges， include the word admissions after the name of a university you are searching to get more relevant results.

4. Use quotation marks when precision matters. Adding quotes around a query tells Google to look for occurrences of the exact phrase as it was typed. They are especially helpful when searching for song lyrics， peoples names， and obscure references that otherwise could be buried many pages deep， as Google puts more popular results at the top.

5. Google can be your dictionary. Type define followed by any English word into the search box， and Google will give you a wealth of information about the word at the top of the search results， including synonyms， antonyms， usage examples， and an audio clip of how to pronounce it.

6. Capitalization doesnt matter. Save yourself time and typos2： dont bother with the shift key. Googling Queen Elizabeth II and queen elizabeth ii yields the same results. So whether you enter words in uppercase or lowercase， Google treats them equally—though the Queen would prefer otherwise.

7. Get the picture. Beyond helping you find photos and graphics via its Google Image Search database of more than 100 billion images， Google also makes it easy to track down the origin of a mysterious image， or to find all the places where a photo exists online. The “Search by Image” feature lets you upload a photo from your device， or paste the URL3 of any image you see online， to unravel the mystery.

8. Maps， driving directions， and satellite views are one click away. Type baltimore to washington in the search box， for example， and Google will provide travel estimates for driving， walking， cycling， and public transit along with a map of your route. Click through to the full Google Maps to view overhead satellite imagery， terrain maps， live traffic overlays， and street-level photographs in most cities worldwide.

Bonus tip： Try Googles Waze app to find new shortcuts around town， and to navigate around traffic jams as they pop up.

9. Browse the worlds bookshelves online. Search for a topic at books.google.com and you will see information from actual books that Google has scanned and indexed in its database. You can browse， read， or download the entire text of works that are not copyrighted; for others， you can see snippets4 of pages where your search term appears and learn where to buy a full copy.

10. Sort results by date. For just about any Google search， you can organize the results to see only Web pages from a specific timeframe—whether its the past 24 hours， the past month， or that one week last August when the solar eclipse5 took place. Click “Tools” below the search bar to display the date-sorting dropdowns6.

11. Become a scholar. Serious searchers can tap into thousands of scientific and academic journals with Google Scholar. Enter a query into the search box at scholar.google.com to get abstracts and papers from published sources.

12. Take a magic ～ ride. The tilde character （～） in the corner of your keyboard is a handy tool in Google searches. Put it before a word， with no space between， to have Google look for pages with both that term and its synonyms.

Example： A search for ～autos will also turn up Web pages that use the terms cars， trucks， automobiles， vehicles， and more.

13. Im Feeling Lucky. Enter a search term and click this button on the Google homepage to bypass a long list of results and go directly to the top-matching Web page for your term.

14. Google can be your newscaster. Google News， reachable via the “News” link above the search box or at news.google.com， provides up-to-the-minute7 information on politics， business， technology， entertainment， health， sports， and more. Type a topic of interest into the Google News search box to find the most recent stories from more than 25，000 global news sources.

Bonus tip： To follow a topic closely， sign up at google.com/alerts for regular alerts that are emailed to you with the most up-to-date news and Web links.

15. Become a researcher. Google tends to list popular and fresh pages at the top of its results， but dig beyond the first page or two of search results and you will often find older， forgotten pages that have just what you need for a research project. Also check out the “Cached” versions of Web pages that Google collects as it crawls8 and downloads the Web， which are available via the green arrow next to most search results. The cached version is an old version of the page， and it may have the content you are seeking even if the current version of the page has changed—say， a news site that removed the original story.

16. Pack more results onto each page. The “Settings” link is your ticket to tweaking various settings for Google searches， including the number of results displayed per page. Increase the number of matches you see per page from the standard set of 10 to 20， 30， or more， to put more answers at your fingertips faster.

17. Translate into other languages. Become an instant polyglot9 by typing “translate” into the Google search box with any word or phrase. Then explore the results in more than 100 languages.

Bonus tip： Not sure how to spell what youre searching for？ Speak it instead. Click the microphone icon in the Google search box to activate voice control for a translation—or any other search！

18. Get an instant stock quote. Type a stock ticker symbol into the search box to get a stock quote and chart on any public company listed on the NYSE10 or NASDAQ11. A fuller set of features and financial data is available at finance.google.com.

19. Get PG12-rated results. A search on a serious topic like sex education might trigger objectionable material， so Google provides an optional SafeSearch filter to keep results family-friendly. Click the “Settings” link and adjust the SafeSearch settings （choose from “strict，” “moderate，” or no filtering）.

Goooooooood luck！

1. 谷歌可用作電話簿。在搜索框內直接輸入企業(yè)名稱和城市/州或郵政編碼，谷歌會在搜索結果頂端提供附地圖的電話和地址列表。

特別提示：谷歌還可以用來反向查找。如果只有一個電話號碼，把它輸入搜索框，將會得到所有相關結果。

2. 谷歌可用作計算器。在搜索框內輸入數(shù)學或換算問題，谷歌會進行計算?？梢杂梦淖址绞捷斎敕匠淌剑ㄈ纾憾佣?，十二除以三，一夸脫等于多少品脫），也可以用數(shù)字和運算符號（如：2+2， 12/3），或二者結合（如：五十的15%，2英畝等于多少平方英尺）。

3. 長些更好，短些也行。根據(jù)設計，即便只輸入一兩個字查詢，谷歌也能反饋高質量結果，由此可簡化搜索內容。不過添加兩三個單詞常常能得到更好的結果。

例如：收集申請大學的信息時，在大學名稱后加上admissions（招生）字樣，會得到更多相關結果。

4. 精確搜索用引號。在搜索內容兩端加上引號，谷歌會字對字精準查詢所輸入短語。在搜索歌詞、人名和沒什么人知道的條目時，加引號特別管用——如果不加引號，那些條目很可能掩埋在諸多頁面之下，因為谷歌一般是把更受歡迎的結果置頂。

5. 谷歌可用作詞典。在搜索框內鍵入define（定義），再輸入任意單詞，谷歌就會在搜索結果頂部提供有關這一單詞的豐富信息，包括同義詞、反義詞、用法示例，以及示范發(fā)音的音頻剪輯。

6. 大寫與否沒關系。節(jié)省時間，減少拼寫錯誤：不用費心去使用轉換鍵。在谷歌上搜索Queen Elizabeth II和queen elizabeth ii（伊麗莎白女王二世），結果相同。所以說，無論輸入的是大寫還是小寫，谷歌都一視同仁——盡管女王會希望將二者加以區(qū)別。

7. 獲取圖片。谷歌的圖像搜索數(shù)據(jù)庫擁有1000多億幅圖片，可借以找到所需的照片和圖形。此外，谷歌還有助于輕松追蹤陌生圖像的來源，或在網(wǎng)上找到照片的所有位置?！皥D像搜索”功能可讓搜索者從自己的設備上傳照片或粘貼網(wǎng)上所見任意圖片的網(wǎng)址，破解圖像之謎。

8. 一鍵獲取地圖、行車路線和衛(wèi)星圖像。比如，在搜索框中輸入baltimore to washington（巴爾的摩到華盛頓），谷歌將會提供駕駛、步行、騎行和公共交通等多種行程及路線圖。點擊查看完整版谷歌地圖，即可查看全球大多數(shù)城市的衛(wèi)星圖像、地形圖、實時交通覆蓋圖和街景圖。

特別提示：嘗試谷歌偉姿導航應用程序，尋找所在城市的新捷徑，并在交通擁堵時用以導航。

9. 在線瀏覽全球書架。在books.google.com上搜索一個主題，就可從谷歌掃描并編入索引的數(shù)據(jù)庫中獲得相關書籍的信息?？梢詾g覽、閱讀或下載不受版權保護的圖書的全文;對于有版權的圖書，搜索頁面會展示含有所搜條目的文本片段及購買整本書的地方。

10. 按日期排序搜索結果。在谷歌上進行任何搜索，都可以管理搜索結果，查看特定時間范圍內的網(wǎng)頁內容——無論是過去24小時、過去一個月，還是去年8月發(fā)生日食的那一周。單擊搜索框下方的“工具”，就會顯示按照日期排序的搜索下拉菜單。

11. 成為學者。通過“谷歌學術”，認真的搜索者可以瀏覽幾千種科學和學術期刊。在scholar.google.com搜索框內輸入查詢，就能從出版刊物資源中獲取摘要與論文。

12. 使用神奇的波浪符。鍵盤角落的波浪符（～）是谷歌搜索中的便捷工具。把它置于一個單詞前，不加空格，谷歌就會搜索基于該詞及其同義詞的頁面。

例如：搜索～autos（～汽車），還會彈出帶有cars（轎車）、trucks（卡車）、automobiles（汽車）、vehicles（車輛）及其他相近詞語的頁面。

13. “手氣不錯”按鈕。在谷歌首頁，輸入一個搜索條目，然后點擊這一按鈕，就能繞過一長串搜索結果，直達與搜索條目相關度最高的網(wǎng)頁。

14. 谷歌可作為新聞播報員。經(jīng)由搜索框上方的“新聞”鏈接或news.google.com，可以訪問“谷歌新聞”，得到政治、商業(yè)、技術、娛樂、健康、體育及其他領域的最新信息。在“谷歌新聞”搜索框內輸入感興趣的話題，就能從全球超過2.5萬個新聞來源中找到最新消息。

特別提示：若要密切關注某個話題，可登錄google.com/alerts設置定期提醒，谷歌會把最新消息和網(wǎng)站鏈接發(fā)送到郵箱。

15. 成為研究者。谷歌往往在搜索結果頂部放置瀏覽人數(shù)多和更新時間近的網(wǎng)頁，但翻過搜索結果第一、二頁之后，常常就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些時間更早且被遺忘的頁面上恰好含有研究項目所需的內容。還可以查看谷歌在抓取和下載網(wǎng)站時收集的“緩存”頁面，通過大多數(shù)搜索結果旁的綠色箭頭可查看這些網(wǎng)頁。緩存網(wǎng)頁是該頁面的老版本，可能包含要查找的內容，即便新版本已發(fā)生變化（比如刪除了最初報道的新聞站點）。

16. 讓每頁顯示更多結果。通過“設置”鏈接可以對谷歌搜索設置進行調整，包括每頁顯示的搜索結果數(shù)量。把每頁顯示的匹配項從標準的10條增加到20條、30條或更多，就可以更快顯示更多結果。

17. 譯成多種語言。在谷歌搜索框內輸入translate（翻譯）加任意單詞或短語，就可以瞬間成為通曉多國語言者，盡享100多種語言的搜索結果。

特別提示：不確定要搜索的東西如何拼寫？可以說出來。單擊谷歌搜索框內的麥克風圖標，即可激活翻譯的聲控功能——搜索其他內容時一樣好用！

18. 快速獲取股票報價。在搜索框中輸入股票代碼，即可獲取紐約證券交易所或納斯達克任何上市公司的股票報價和走勢圖。更完整的功能和財務數(shù)據(jù)可從finance.google.com獲得。

19. 獲得家長指導級的搜索結果。搜索sex education（性教育）這樣的嚴肅話題可能彈出有爭議的內容，所以谷歌提供了可選的“安全搜索”過濾功能，讓搜索結果適合全家老少了解。單擊“設置”鏈接，調整“安全搜索”設置（選擇“嚴格”“適中”或無過濾）。

祝好運多多！? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?□

（譯者單位：南京航空航天大學）