索爾·普拉杰大學(xué)摩洛卡宿舍樓，北開普省，南非

（王單單 譯）

1 轉(zhuǎn)角塔樓/Corner tower（攝影/Photo: Tristan McLaren）

索爾·普拉杰大學(xué)位于北開普省的金伯利，是南非后種族隔離時代兩所新大學(xué)的其中一所。該大學(xué)被設(shè)計成開放式校園，融入了城市的肌理。因此，它也被視為“城市復(fù)興催化劑”項目，打造了“城市即大學(xué)，大學(xué)即城市”這一概念。作為第一個管轄區(qū)內(nèi)的首批建筑之一，該項目需要為大學(xué)的城市足跡制定規(guī)范，以迎合城市設(shè)計框架。

建筑師探索了敘事性設(shè)計：想象一群虛構(gòu)使用者與新型多功能混合型大學(xué)構(gòu)建的全新當(dāng)代大學(xué)空間，將正式和非正式的社會空間整合進多功能型管轄區(qū)。

摩洛卡宿舍樓是一棟面朝城市公共廣場的多功能建筑，與相鄰的大樓一同環(huán)繞著內(nèi)部私人庭院。該宿舍樓由3個不同的部分組成，均與該場所的建筑位置有關(guān)，代表了不同的功能。整座建筑包括174間客房、食堂、廚房、教學(xué)場地、學(xué)術(shù)辦公室，而底層朝向廣場的零售空間則位于柱廊后方。

北開普省有一片沙漠氣候的干旱土地——夏季酷熱、冬季嚴(yán)寒。受這種環(huán)境信息啟發(fā)的建筑語言與該敘事性設(shè)計正是對這種惡劣環(huán)境的回應(yīng)。

宿舍樓由一座與舊時采礦結(jié)構(gòu)相呼應(yīng)的門廊進入，入口處可通往一個開放式大型游廊空間。該游廊化身為超級元素，提供了面向內(nèi)部庭院的陰涼空間，已被用作建筑的主要結(jié)構(gòu)元素。它創(chuàng)造了一個大規(guī)模的深循環(huán)空間，相當(dāng)于這個從入口門廊引出的外部空間將這棟大樓的兩個組成部分劃進內(nèi)部庭院。這是一個溢出空間、流通空間，也是一個庭院空間。

陽光直接灑進游廊內(nèi)，被一道動態(tài)的風(fēng)力遮陽屏擋?。划?dāng)太陽穿過庭院時，就呈現(xiàn)出不斷變化的斑駁陰影；當(dāng)起風(fēng)時，屏上便泛起漣漪，形成一片動態(tài)的立面?！?/p>

（王單單 譯）

Sol Plaatje University, located in Kimberley in the Northern Cape is one of two new universities to be set up in post-Apartheid South Africa. The university has been designed as open campus integrated into the fabric of the town. It is seen as a catalytic urban regeneration project - the city itself becomes the university and the university the city. As one of the first buildings within the first precinct, this building needed to set the parametres for the urban footprint of the university in response to the urban design framework.

The Architects explored a design narrative that began by imagining the spaces of a new contemporary university space through a series of imagined users and new university hybrid typologies that contain a mix of uses, integrating both formal and informal social spaces into a multi-functional Precinct.

The Moroka Halls of Residence is a multipurpose building that faces onto an urban public square and together with the adjoining building wraps around private internal courtyards.

It consists of three distinct parts which relate to the placement of the building onto the site, and articulate different uses. The Building comprises a 174-room residence, a dining hall and kitchen, teaching venues, academic offices and ground floor retail space behind a colonnade onto the square.

The Northern Cape has a dry arid landscape with the desert climate of extremely hot summers and bitingly cold winter days. The design narrative wove together a building language inspired by informants within the landscape that responded to the environmental requirements of this harsh environment.

The building is entered through a portico echoing to the historic mining structures into an entrance that leads on a large open verandah space. The verandah becomes a super element that provides deep cool shaded space facing the internal courtyard and is used as the primary structuring element of the building. It provides a large scale deep circulation space at the scale of an outside room leading from the entrance portico separating the two components of the complex into the internal courtyard. This space is a spill out space, a circulation space and space from which to address the courtyard.

Direct sunlight onto the verandah is screened by a dynamic wind driven shading screen. The effect is a continually changing dappled coloured shadow as the sun moves across the courtyard. When the wind picks up the screen ripples creating a dynamic fa?ade.□

項目信息/Credits and Data

功能/Programme: 174間學(xué)生公寓，餐廳和廚房，教學(xué)場所，學(xué)術(shù)辦公室和面向廣場的一樓零售空間/174-room student residence, dining hall and kitchen, teaching venues, academic offices and ground floor retail space facing the square

地點/Location: Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, Northern Cape

建筑設(shè)計/Architects: Savage + Dodd Architects

2 正立面/Front fa?ade（攝影/Photo: Tristan McLaren）

4 總平面/Site plan

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan

6 二層平面/First floor plan

7 三層平面/Second floor plan

8 柱廊/Portico（攝影/Photo: Tristan McLaren）

評論

曹嘉明：該項目注重內(nèi)外空間的交融，集生活、學(xué)習(xí)與工作在一組建筑之中，帶來了便利。全天候的功能設(shè)置，符合大學(xué)的生活特征。其設(shè)計理念具有獨到的社會性與開放性。

葉揚：這所大學(xué)的一個重要意義，代表著南非后種族隔離時代的高等教育。所以它盡可能地包容，盡可能地讓所有人與所有功能融匯在一個大空間之中，建筑體現(xiàn)的是城市一般的大而全的概念。所在地特殊的環(huán)境與文脈，既對建筑的舒適性提出了要求，也為建筑師提供了地域建筑形式、色彩與圖案。在該項目里，功能的多樣性原本使其具有了豐富性，室內(nèi)外空間在不同層互相滲透、穿插，不同朝向立面應(yīng)用了不同透光度的材質(zhì)，讓建筑具有了復(fù)雜的層次。

Comments

CAO Jiaming: This project focused on the interaction and interface between the internal and external space. By bringing living, learning and working attributes into one group of architecture, this scheme has provided a lot of convenience. The building is open at all times which portrays the lifestyle of university. The entire concept embedded in the design established its unique social importance and openness. (Translated by Jue Chen)

YE Yang: The university has its importance in representing the higher education in the postracial segregation of South Africa. Therefore, it is as inclusive as possible, and as far as possible, all people and all programmes are integrated into this largescale space - the architecture suggests the idea of "all-in-one" as a city. The environment and context not only put forward a request of comfort for the architecture but also offer the vernacular references of colour, pattern, and architectural form from the local area. The innate variety of programmes of this project endows its richness. The external and internal spaces interpenetrate, and materials with different transmittance of light are applied to different fa?ades, both of which give the building a complex hierarchy. (Translated by PANG Lingbo)

9 游廊/Inside veranda（攝影/Photo: Savage + Dodd Architects）

10 庭院夜景/Courtyard at night（攝影/Photo: Tristan McLaren）

11 柱廊內(nèi)景/Inside portico（攝影/Photo: Tristan McLaren）

12 通道/Passage

13 遮陽屏下方/Under screen