趙煒 趙志正
摘要:目的? 觀察五味子乙素對(duì)人乳腺癌細(xì)胞增殖及Notch-1信號(hào)通路的影響,探討其抑制乳腺癌發(fā)展的可能分子機(jī)制。方法? 不同濃度五味子乙素(0、20、40、80 μmol/L)處理乳腺癌細(xì)胞MCF-7,作用24、48、72 h后,CCK-8法檢測(cè)MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖。裸鼠皮下接種MCF-7細(xì)胞建立裸鼠乳腺癌移植瘤模型,隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和五味子乙素組,每4 d測(cè)量腫瘤體積并繪制腫瘤生長(zhǎng)曲線,32 d后取腫瘤稱(chēng)重。Western blot檢測(cè)MCF-7細(xì)胞和腫瘤組織Notch-1及其下游分子Hes-1、Hey-1蛋白水平;免疫組化檢測(cè)小鼠腫瘤組織Notch-1的表達(dá)。結(jié)果? 與空白組比較,五味子乙素顯著抑制MCF-7細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng),且抑制作用具有時(shí)間和濃度依賴(lài)性,同時(shí)顯著降低MCF-7細(xì)胞Notch-1及其下游分子Hes-1、Hey-1蛋白的表達(dá)。與對(duì)照組比較,五味子乙素組裸鼠腫瘤體積及質(zhì)量明顯受抑制,且腫瘤組織Notch-1及其下游分子Hes-1、Hey-1蛋白表達(dá)顯著降低。結(jié)論? 五味子乙素可抑制乳腺癌發(fā)展,其機(jī)制可能與抑制乳腺癌細(xì)胞MCF-7及其裸鼠模型移植瘤的生長(zhǎng)、降低Notch-1信號(hào)通路相關(guān)因子表達(dá)有關(guān)。
關(guān)鍵詞:五味子乙素;細(xì)胞增殖;Notch-1;移植瘤;乳腺癌細(xì)胞MCF-7;小鼠
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R285.5??? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A??? 文章編號(hào):1005-5304(2019)10-0055-05
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2019.10.013????? 開(kāi)放科學(xué)(資源服務(wù))標(biāo)識(shí)碼(OSID):
Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of schisandrin B on the growth of MCF-7 and Notch-1 signaling pathway in breast cancer; To explore possible molecular mechanism that inhibit the development of breast cancer. Methods Human breast cancer cell MCF-7 was treated with different concentrations of schisandrin B (0, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L) for 24, 48, 72 h. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell growth. Nude mice breast cancer xenograft models were established by subcutaneous inoculation of MCF-7 cells in nude mice and were randomly divided into the control group and the schisandrin B treatment group. Tumor volume was measured every 4 days and the tumor growth curve was drawn. After 32 days, the tumor was weighed. The expressions of Notch-1, Hes-1, Hey-1 in MCF-7 cells and tumor tissues were detected by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Notch-1 in tumor tissues. Results Compared with the blank group, schisandrin B significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, and significantly decreased the expression of Notch-1 and its downstream molecules Hes-1 and Hey-1 in MCF-7 cells. Compared with the control group, the tumor volume and quality of the schisandrin B treatment group were significantly inhibited, and the expression of Notch-1 and its downstream molecules Hes-1 and Hey-1 significantly decreased. Conclusion Schisandrin B can inhibit the growth of breast cancer, and its mechanism can be related to inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells MCF-7 and its nude mouse model, and decreasing the expression of Notch-1 signaling pathway.
Keywords: schisandrin B; cell proliferation; Notch-1; xenografted tumor ; breast cancer cell MCF-7; mice
乳腺癌是發(fā)生在女性中最常見(jiàn)腫瘤之一,是女性癌癥相關(guān)死亡的主要原因[1]。近年來(lái),隨著診斷學(xué)尤其是癌癥分子生物學(xué)和基因組學(xué)領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步,乳腺癌檢測(cè)發(fā)生了革命性的變化[2]。目前,治療乳腺癌主要方法包括外科手術(shù)、化療、放療,大大改善了乳腺癌的預(yù)后,但仍有許多患者復(fù)發(fā)及在治療過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)不良反應(yīng)和耐藥。因此,尋找有效治療乳腺癌的藥物,成為當(dāng)前研究的重點(diǎn)。五味子乙素(Schisandrin B)是從五味子中分離得到的主要生物活性成分[3]。近年研究發(fā)現(xiàn),五味子乙素在多種疾病中介導(dǎo)多種生物活性,包括抗炎、抗氧化和心血管保護(hù)作用[4-6]。有報(bào)道顯示,五味子乙素可抑制膽管癌、肺腺癌、膠質(zhì)瘤、胃癌細(xì)胞增殖[7-10],誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡,減弱腫瘤的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移[11]。本研究分別通過(guò)細(xì)胞與動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn),觀察五味子乙素對(duì)人乳腺癌細(xì)胞增殖及Notch-1信號(hào)通路表達(dá)的影響,探討其可能的分子機(jī)制。
1? 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料
1.1? 動(dòng)物
SPF級(jí)雌性Balb/C小鼠10只,6~8周,體質(zhì)量18~20 g,購(gòu)自廣東省醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心。飼養(yǎng)于溫度(20±2)℃、相對(duì)濕度(50±5)%環(huán)境,日照時(shí)間12 h,自由攝食飲水。實(shí)驗(yàn)前小鼠適應(yīng)性喂養(yǎng)7 d。
1.2? 藥物
五味子乙素,南京道斯夫生物科技有限公司,溶于二甲基亞砜并配制成100 mmol/L貯備液保存。
1.3? 細(xì)胞
人乳腺癌細(xì)胞株MCF-7,中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海細(xì)胞庫(kù)提供,在本實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)。
1.4? 主要試劑與儀器
杜爾伯科改良伊格爾(DMEM)培養(yǎng)基、胰蛋白酶和胎牛血清,美國(guó)Gibco公司;青/鏈霉素,美國(guó)Sigma公司;BCA法蛋白濃度檢測(cè)試劑盒,上海碧云天生物技術(shù)公司;抗Notch-1抗體、抗Hes-1抗體、抗Hey-1抗體、抗β-actin抗體和辣根過(guò)氧化物標(biāo)記的二抗,英國(guó)Abcam公司;CCK-8試劑盒,上海博谷生物科技有限公司。超低溫冰箱(日本Sanyo公司),CO2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱(美國(guó)Thermo公司),低速離心機(jī)(美國(guó)Thermo公司),電泳儀(北京六一生物科技有限公司),凝膠成像儀(美國(guó)Azure Biosystems公司)。
2? 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
2.1? 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)
MCF-7細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)于含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基,置于37 ℃、含5%CO2且濕度完全飽和的恒溫培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng),定期取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞進(jìn)行傳代。
2.2? CCK-8實(shí)驗(yàn)
用于檢測(cè)細(xì)胞增殖并計(jì)算增殖抑制率。100 μL對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期MCF-7細(xì)胞(1×105/孔)接種于96孔板,每組設(shè)置4個(gè)復(fù)孔,共4組,加入終濃度為0、20、40、80 μmol/L五味子乙素,培養(yǎng)24、48、72 h,每孔加入CCK-8試劑10 μL,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)4 h,使用分光光度計(jì)檢測(cè)波長(zhǎng)450 nm處吸光度,計(jì)算細(xì)胞增殖抑制率。細(xì)胞增殖抑制率(%)=(1-給藥組A450÷對(duì)照組A450)×100%。
2.3? 乳腺癌細(xì)胞移植瘤裸鼠模型建立
用PBS將對(duì)數(shù)期乳腺癌細(xì)胞MCF-7濃度調(diào)整為2×107/mL,取0.1 mL懸液注射于小鼠右后側(cè)肢體皮下,接種后觀察1周成瘤,將10只成瘤小鼠隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和五味子乙素組,每組5只。五味子乙素組小鼠腹腔注射五味子乙素,每2 d注射1次,直至細(xì)胞接種后32 d,每次100 mg/kg,體積0.2 mL;對(duì)照組注射等體積PBS。每4 d用游標(biāo)卡尺測(cè)量腫瘤長(zhǎng)徑和短徑,腫瘤體積=長(zhǎng)徑×短徑2÷2。細(xì)胞接種32 d,處死裸鼠,稱(chēng)取瘤重,計(jì)算抑瘤率。抑瘤率(%)=(對(duì)照組瘤體平均質(zhì)量-給藥組瘤體平均質(zhì)量)÷對(duì)照組瘤體平均質(zhì)量×100%。腫瘤組織置于液氮中保存?zhèn)溆谩?/p>
2.4? Western blot檢測(cè)
MCF-7細(xì)胞用預(yù)冷的細(xì)胞裂解液裂解15 min,4 ℃、12 000 r/min離心5 min,取上清液,收取蛋白。腫瘤組織先用液氮進(jìn)行研磨,然后加入細(xì)胞裂解液,離心后獲得腫瘤組織蛋白。BCA比色法計(jì)算蛋白濃度,通過(guò)SDS-PAGE將蛋白進(jìn)行分離后,將蛋白轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜,隨后用5%脫脂奶粉封閉液封閉2 h,根據(jù)說(shuō)明書(shū)稀釋一抗,利用封閉液將抗體稀釋到所需濃度,4 ℃孵育過(guò)夜,用TBST洗滌3次×5 min,隨后根據(jù)用量,稀釋HRP標(biāo)記的二抗,37 ℃孵育1 h。用TBST洗滌3次×5 min。用ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光檢測(cè),用Image J對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行灰度分析。
2.5? 免疫組化檢測(cè)
脫蠟、水化后切片,經(jīng)1%Triton X-100處理15 min,再用3%H2O2處理10 min,隨后加入Notch-1抗體孵育,置于濕盒4 ℃過(guò)夜,第2日清洗后孵育對(duì)應(yīng)的二抗,室溫30 min,最后進(jìn)行染色封片。染色結(jié)果采用DAB顯色法進(jìn)行觀察,使用蘇木精進(jìn)行對(duì)比染色。
3? 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以—x±s表示,用方差分析進(jìn)行比較,兩組間比較用t檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
4? 結(jié)果
4.1? 五味子乙素對(duì)乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖的影響
經(jīng)不同濃度五味子乙素(0、20、40、80 μmol/L)處理的乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞,其對(duì)乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖的抑制作用具有時(shí)間和濃度依賴(lài)性,細(xì)胞抑制率隨五味子乙素濃度增加和處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增加。結(jié)果見(jiàn)表1。
4.2? 五味子乙素對(duì)乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞Notch-1信號(hào)通路相關(guān)因子表達(dá)的影響
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