王萌 陸曉輝
【摘 要】目的:分析心理護(hù)理干預(yù)方法針對(duì)自閉癥患兒的臨床護(hù)理應(yīng)用效果。方法:以我院2017年2月-2018年3月收治的52例自閉癥患兒為本次研究對(duì)象,兩組患兒例數(shù)對(duì)等的前提下,以隨機(jī)數(shù)字分組方法分成研究組和對(duì)照組,對(duì)照組患兒應(yīng)用常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù)方法,研究組患兒在常規(guī)護(hù)理基礎(chǔ)上融入心理護(hù)理干預(yù)方法,對(duì)護(hù)理干預(yù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。結(jié)果:護(hù)理后研究組患兒的ABC測評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組,PEP測評(píng)分高于對(duì)照組,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);護(hù)理后,研究組患兒在運(yùn)動(dòng)評(píng)分、應(yīng)物評(píng)分、應(yīng)人評(píng)分、言語評(píng)分上均高于對(duì)照組,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);護(hù)理后,研究組患兒家屬的護(hù)理滿意度顯著高于研究組,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:針對(duì)自閉癥患兒的疾病治療應(yīng)用心理護(hù)理干預(yù),利于患兒的自閉情況改善,還可提升患兒運(yùn)動(dòng)能力、應(yīng)物能力、應(yīng)人能力、言語能力均有提升,患兒家屬也比較滿意,可見,心理護(hù)理干預(yù)方法具有在臨床上推廣應(yīng)用的價(jià)值。
【關(guān)鍵詞】自閉癥;兒童;心理護(hù)理;心理發(fā)育
Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical nursing effect of psychological nursing intervention methods on children with autism. Methods: our hospital in February 2017 - March 2018, 52 cases of autism as the study object, under the premise of two groups of children were equivalent, in a random digital grouping method is divided into research group and the control group, control group with routine nursing intervention method, research on the basis of conventional nursing care into the psychological nursing intervention in children with method, the result of the nursing intervention were analyzed. Results: the score of ABC in the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the score of PEP was higher than that of the control group. The comparison between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After nursing, the scores of exercise, substance, person and speech in the study group were all higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). After nursing, the nursing satisfaction of the families of the children in the study group was significantly higher than that of the study group, and the comparison between the groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: in view of the autism treatment application of psychological nursing intervention, for children with autism improvement, also can promote children sports ability, should be ability, should be people ability, verbal ability have promoted, children's family also satisfied, visible, psychological nursing intervention method has the value of popularization and application in clinic.
Key words: autism; Children; Psychological nursing; Psychological development
【中圖分類號(hào)】R19【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】B【文章編號(hào)】1005-0019(2019)20-00-01
引言:
自閉癥(孤獨(dú)癥)是發(fā)育障礙,兒童屬于該疾病的高發(fā)群體,針對(duì)自閉癥患者實(shí)施臨床治療的過程中,合理進(jìn)行心理干預(yù),疏導(dǎo)患兒,可以避免其產(chǎn)生過多的負(fù)面情緒。本研究以我院2017年2月-2018年3月收治的52例自閉癥患兒為本次研究對(duì)象,對(duì)比分析護(hù)理結(jié)局,現(xiàn)將研究結(jié)果會(huì)匯報(bào)如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
本研究以我院2017年2月-2018年3月收治的52例自閉癥患兒為本次研究對(duì)象,兩組患兒例數(shù)對(duì)等的前提下,以隨機(jī)數(shù)字分組方法分成研究組(n=26)和對(duì)照組(n=26)。
對(duì)照組有男性患兒18例、女性患兒8例,年齡3-14歲,平均年齡(5.7±1.2)歲;
研究組有男性患兒12例、女性患兒14例,年齡4-15歲,平均年齡(5.8±1.4)歲。
一般資料對(duì)比上無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 護(hù)理方法
對(duì)照組應(yīng)用常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù)方法,主要包括入院宣教、溫馨病房布置、飲食指導(dǎo)、基礎(chǔ)生活護(hù)理以及語言訓(xùn)練等。
研究組患者的常規(guī)護(hù)理干預(yù)基礎(chǔ)上應(yīng)用心理護(hù)理干預(yù)方法,具體措施如下:
(1)和患兒建立和諧關(guān)系。護(hù)理人員要向入院接受治療的患兒主動(dòng)介紹醫(yī)院情況,在溝通交流過程中,語言要溫和、親切,減輕患兒心理的恐懼感。
(2)健康教育、情緒干預(yù)。在臨床護(hù)理工作中,我們要密切關(guān)注患兒的心理和情緒變化,一旦有焦慮、自卑等情緒問題,我們一定要及時(shí)疏導(dǎo)。針對(duì)年齡較大的兒童,主要側(cè)重和患兒的交流,利用成功案例幫其樹立康復(fù)信心。
(3)言語護(hù)理。語言護(hù)理是自閉癥兒童護(hù)理干預(yù)的重要內(nèi)容。我們要在日常和患兒進(jìn)行簡單溝通,由于自閉癥兒童缺乏溝通興趣且注意力不容易集中,因此我們?cè)谥笇?dǎo)語言訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)的時(shí)候,就要選擇新穎符合童趣的內(nèi)容。
(4)家長、社會(huì)支持護(hù)理。護(hù)理人員要結(jié)合自閉癥患兒的病情,采用宣教、培訓(xùn)等方式普及專業(yè)護(hù)理知識(shí),提升患兒家屬對(duì)疾病的認(rèn)知,明確注意事項(xiàng)。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組患兒ABC、PEP 評(píng)分對(duì)比
護(hù)理后研究組患兒的ABC測評(píng)分低于對(duì)照組,PEP測評(píng)分高于對(duì)照組,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳情參考表1。
2.2兩組患兒CARS指標(biāo)評(píng)分對(duì)比
護(hù)理后,研究組患兒在運(yùn)動(dòng)評(píng)分、應(yīng)物評(píng)分、應(yīng)人評(píng)分、言語評(píng)分上均高于對(duì)照組,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳情參考表2。
2.3 兩組患兒技家屬護(hù)理滿意度對(duì)比
護(hù)理后,研究組患兒家屬的護(hù)理滿意度92.31%顯著高于研究組76.92%,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
3 討論
本研究以我院2017年2月-2018年3月收治的52例自閉癥患兒為本次研究對(duì)象,以隨機(jī)數(shù)字分組方法分成研究組和對(duì)照組,對(duì)護(hù)理干預(yù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。
研究結(jié)果表明,研究組疾病護(hù)理結(jié)果由于對(duì)照組,組間比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)??梢?,針對(duì)自閉癥患兒的疾病治療應(yīng)用心理護(hù)理干預(yù),利于優(yōu)化疾病治療效果。心理護(hù)理干預(yù)方法具有在臨床上推廣應(yīng)用的價(jià)值。
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