2018年12月大學英語四六級作文試題評析（二）

賈從永

四級

Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

這道四級作文試題要求考生論述生活在大城市的挑戰(zhàn)。為了使論述具有說服力，我們在立論時要避免偏激。比如，雖然本文的重點在于闡述生活在大城市的各種挑戰(zhàn)，但同時我們也要承認生活在大城市有其優(yōu)點，否則就有失公允。

本文可以寫成三個段落。引言段引出本文的話題，先指出許多大學生希望自己畢業(yè)后能留在大城市工作和生活，然后承認生活在大城市確實有很多好處，最后指出生活在大城市也不乏挑戰(zhàn)。主體段詳細闡述生活在大城市的各種挑戰(zhàn)。與生活在鄉(xiāng)下相比，生活在大城市確實有很多挑戰(zhàn)，如房價高昂、交通擁堵、競爭激烈、犯罪率高、人情冷漠、工作壓力大、空氣質量差等，但我們在闡述時不妨從大學畢業(yè)生的視角，選擇與大學畢業(yè)生的工作和生活關系最密切的方面來談。比如，我們可以從以下兩個方面分析生活在大城市的挑戰(zhàn)：生活成本高;交通擁堵。這兩個方面都要略作展開，以使主體段的論述豐滿詳實。比如，我們在分析生活成本高時，不妨以房價為例，指出北京、上海、深圳這種大城市的房價高得離譜，上班族租房已經(jīng)不易，遑論買房。在闡述交通擁堵時，我們不妨進入細節(jié)，指出在大城市里公交車如蝸牛爬行，地鐵擠得水泄不通，這樣可以給讀者以具體可感的形象。下面請看范文：

Now many college students dream of settling down in big cities after graduation. Sure， there are many advantages to living in a big city， such as better jobs and easier access to public services. But urban life is not without challenges.

First， cost-of-living is sky-high. For instance， houses are outrageously expensive in such metropolises as Beijing， Shanghai and Shenzhen. Renting a decent flat in such cities already costs you an arm and a leg， let alone buying one. Second， traffic is always a nightmare. It is not unusual for you to get stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour on your way to work or back home. If you think you can avail yourself of the public transportation system， you will have to choose between crawling along in buses and being packed like sardines on subway trains.

In a word， there are significant challenges of living in a big city despite its benefits. Therefore， you have to weigh up the pros and cons before deciding whether to live in a metropolis. （173 words）

語言亮點借鑒：

1. Sure， there are many advantages to living in a big city， such as better jobs and easier access to public services. 誠然，住在大城市里有許多好處，比如工作更好，使用公共服務更方便。sure誠然，表示讓步，后面一般有but與之相呼應。

2. But urban life is not without challenges.但是城市生活并非沒有挑戰(zhàn)。

3. Renting a decent flat in such cities already costs you an arm and a leg， let alone buying one.在這樣的大城市里租一套像樣的房子已經(jīng)花費巨大，更不用說買一套房子了。already已經(jīng)。用于強調(diào)情況或問題已經(jīng)存在。an arm and a leg巨額花費。let alone更不用說。

4. It is not unusual for you to get stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour on your way to work or back home. 你經(jīng)常會在上班或下班的路上被堵上半個小時。本句是一個雙重否定句，表示強烈的肯定。

5. If you think you can avail yourself of the public transportation system， you will have to choose between crawling along in buses and being packed like sardines on subway trains.如果你認為你可以乘公交，你將不得不或者在公交車上緩慢移動，或者在地鐵上被擠得像沙丁魚。avail oneself of利用。be packed like sardines被擠得像罐頭里的沙丁魚。

6. Therefore， you have to weigh up the pros and cons before deciding whether to live in a metropolis.因而，你得先權衡利弊再決定是否住在大城市里。weigh up the pros and cons權衡利弊。

六級

Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on how to balance academic study and extracurricular activities. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

2018年12月大學英語六級考試的三道作文試題都屬于解決問題型作文。此類型作文的特點是題目中一般含有how to，即要求考生闡述如何解決某個問題。這種類型的作文更接近于說明文，議論的成分不多。以本題為例，它要求考生闡述如何在學習和課外活動之間保持平衡。由于這道題密切聯(lián)系大學生的校園生活，考生都應該有話可說。

這篇作文可以寫成三個段落。引言段先指出如今大學都提供豐富多彩的課外活動，此為引出話題。然后指出如果你覺得難以平衡學習與課外活動，下面的這些建議可能對你有用。主體段提出一些平衡學習與課外活動的具體建議。這一段可以從兩個方面展開。首先，每天要留出大量的時間用于學習，因為平均分對于申請獎學金和找到好工作都關系重大。其次，精選幾個課外活動。雖然課外活動能讓人精神放松和恢復活力，還能培養(yǎng)團隊精神和領導能力，但不可貪多。所以宜選擇幾個自己真正喜歡并對自己未來的成功有幫助的課外活動。

本文的結尾段可以用建議法結尾：先承認找到學習與課外活動之間的平衡確實是一個不小的挑戰(zhàn)，然后指出時間管理是在大學里必須學會的一項技能，因為它對學生的學業(yè)和未來事業(yè)的成功都至關重要。下面請看范文：

Most universities now offer a wide variety of extracurricular activities， from music， drama， sports to academic clubs. If you find it hard to strike a balance between academic study and extracurricular activities， the following tips may be useful.

First， set aside a chunk of your time each day for academics. Never allow your schoolwork to suffer， for it is your grade point average that makes all the difference in your application for scholarships and a decent job. Second， choose the right few activities. Aside from relaxing and refreshing you， extracurricular activities help cultivate team spirit and improve your leadership. But be that as it may， never have too much on your plate. Instead of getting involved in multiple activities， stick to just a few which you are really passionate about and which will help you on your way to success.

It is true enough that finding the right balance between schoolwork and extracurricular activities is quite a challenge， but time management is one of the most important skills you must learn at university， for it is essential to your success on campus and in future career. （186 words）

語言亮點借鑒：

1. If you find it hard to strike a balance between academic study and extracurricular activities， the following tips may be useful.如果你覺得難以在學習和課外活動之間保持平衡，下面這些建議可能對你有用。find 覺得。作詞義時，后面一般有形容詞作賓語補足語。strike a balance between A and B在A和B之間保持平衡。

2. First， set aside a chunk of your time each day for academics.首先，每天留出大部分時間用于學習。set aside留出。a chunk of大部分。

3. Never allow your schoolwork to suffer， for it is your grade point average that makes all the difference in your application for scholarships and a decent job.絕不要讓你的學業(yè)變差，因為你的年級平均成績對申請獎學金和找到一份體面的工作關系重大。suffer變糟，變差。make all the difference關系重大，大不相同。

4. Aside from relaxing and refreshing you， extracurricular activities help cultivate team spirit and improve your leadership. 除了讓你身體放松、精力恢復之外，課外活動還有助于培養(yǎng)團隊精神和增強你的領導能力。aside from除了……（還）。team spirit團隊精神，合作精神。

5. But be that as it may， never have too much on your plate.但是盡管那樣，絕不要貪多。be that as it may盡管那樣。

6. It is true enough that finding the right balance between schoolwork and extracurricular activities is quite a challenge.誠然，在學習和課外活動之間找到平衡確實是一個挑戰(zhàn)。true enough誠然，表示讓步，下文一般有but或however與之相呼應。quite a很，相當。