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      云南銀蓮花屬一新組和一新種

      2019-09-10 07:22:44王文采
      廣西植物 2019年1期
      關鍵詞:新種云南

      王文采

      摘 要: ??該文描述了自云南西北部發(fā)現(xiàn)的毛茛科銀蓮花屬一新組,即維西銀蓮花組(sect. Deinostigma)和一新種,即維西銀蓮花(Anemone weixiensis)。此組與卵葉銀蓮花組有親緣關系,與后者的區(qū)別在于其心皮較少(約11枚),子房被短柔毛,柱頭明顯,呈橢圓體形,瘦果被短柔毛,不扁,無肋,頂端具橢圓體形宿存柱頭。

      關鍵詞: ?毛茛科, 銀蓮花屬, 新組, 新種, 云南

      中圖分類號: ??Q949

      文獻標識碼: ???A

      文章編號: ??1000-3142(2019)01-0007-03

      A new section with a new species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Yunnan

      WANG Wen-tsai

      ( State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China )

      Abstract: ??A section, sect. Deinostigma with a species, Anemone weixiensis, of the genus Anemone (Ranunculaceae) is described as new from north-western part of Yunnan Province. This section is related to sect. Begonifolia (Ulbr.) Tamura, differing in its fewer carpeels, puberulous ovaries, conspicuous ellipsoid stigmas, and puberulous neither compressed nor ribbed achenes at apex with persistent stigmas.

      Key words: ?Ranunculaceae, Anemone, new section, new species, Yunnan

      銀蓮花屬 Anemone ??L.

      銀蓮花亞屬 Subgen. ??Omalocarpus ??(DC.) Juz.

      維西銀蓮花組

      Sect. ?Deinostigma ?W. T. Wang, sect. nov.

      Ob rhizoma plus minusve verticale, flores in cymam umbelliformem pauci-floram dispositos, sepala 5, filamenta filiformia section nova haec est affinis sect. Begonifoliis (Ulbr.) Tamura, a qua carpellis pauciorbius ca. 11, ovariis puberulis, stigmatibus conspicuis ellipsoideis, acheniis puberulis nec compressis nec costatis apice stigmatibus persistentibus ellipsoideis praeditis differt. In sect. Begonifoliis, carpella numerosa glabra, stigmata inconspicua, achenia glabra, dorso-ventraliter compressa dorso longitudinaliter 1-costata apice stigmatibus persistentibus carentia ?sunt.

      Rhizome more or less vertical. Basal leaves simple, ca. 7, 3-sect. Cyme umbelliform, few-flowered; involucral bracts sessile, 3-4, foliaceous, 3-sect. Flower: sepals 5, white; filaments filiform; carpels ca. 11, ovaries puberulous, styles very short glabrous, stigmas conspicuous ellipsoid. Achenes broadly ellipsoid, puberulous, neither compressed nor ribbed, on apex with ellipsoid ?persistent stgmas.

      Type: Anemone weixiensis W. T. Wang.

      Species 1, endemic to Weixi Xian, Yunnan ?Province.

      Etymology: deinos + stigma: Greek for curious mark or spot, indicating the conspicuous stigma of Anemone ?weixiensis.

      本新組的根狀莖多少垂直,聚傘花序似傘形花序,具少數(shù)花,萼片5枚,花絲絲形,因此,與也具上述特征的卵葉銀蓮花組 [sect. Begonifolia (Ulbr.) Tamura]有親緣關系,與后者的區(qū)別在于本組的心皮數(shù)目較少,約11枚,子房被短柔毛,柱頭明顯,呈橢圓體形,瘦果被短柔毛,不扁,不具肋,在頂端具橢圓體形宿存柱頭。在卵葉銀蓮花組(sect. Begonifolia),心皮多數(shù),無毛,柱頭不明顯,瘦果無毛,背腹扁,在背部具1條縱肋,在頂端無宿存柱頭(Tamura, 1995; Ziman et al., 2008)。

      維西銀蓮花 ?圖1

      Anemone weixiensis ?W. T. Wang, sp. nov. Fig. 1

      Perennial herbs. Rhizome more or less vertical, robust. Basal leaves ca. 7, long petiolate; blades papery, pentagonal, 1.6-3.2× 3-7 cm, at base cordate, adaxially subglabrous, abaxially on nerves sparsely pubescent, 3-sect, central segment broadly rhombic, 3-fid, lobes at margin lobulate, with lobules 1-denticulate or entire, lateral segments obliquely flabellate, at base cuneate, unequally 2-parted, secondary lobes 2-3-lobed, ?on margin lobulated and denticulate, nerves adaxially flat, abaxially prominent; petioles 2-10 cm long, with a few hairs. Scape solitary, 9-15 cm tall, only near involucre with a few hairs; cyme umbel-like, 2-5-flowered; involucral bracts 3-4, unequal in size, subsessile, pentagonal or broadly rhombic, 2.2-3.5 × 1.4-4 cm, 3-parted, lobes 2-3-lobed, margin lobulated; pedicels 4-8 cm long, subglabrous. Flower: sepals 5, white, oblong, 1.2-1.8 × 0.5-0.6 cm, glabrous, apex rounded. Stamens ca. 60, glabrous; filaments filiform, 3.5-5 mm long; anthers broadly elliptic or oblong, 1 × 0.25-0.8 mm, apex obtuse. Carpels ca. 11; ovaries sessile, ellipsoid, 2-2.6 × 1-1.5 mm, slightly compressed, ventrally and dorsally densely puberulous (hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long); styles 0.1-0.2 mm long, glabrous; stigmas ellipsoid, 0.3-0.4 mm long. Young achenes broadly ellipsoid, ca. 5 × 3 mm, puberulous; persistent stigmas 0.3-0.4 mm long.

      云南( Yunnan ): 維西縣 ,栗地坪(Weixi Xian, Lidiping),alt. 3 100 m,林間草地,花白色,果綠色(in grassy places among forests, flowers white, fruits green),2008-07-28,楊親二,袁瓊(Q. E. Yang & Q. Yuan)2042( holotype ?and isotype, PE)。

      參考文獻:

      TA MURA M, 1995. Anemone[M]//Hiepko P. Die naturlich Pflanzenfamilien, Zwei Aufl., 17aIV. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot: 324-349.

      ZIMAN SM, BULAKH EV, KADOTA Y, et al., 2008. Modern view on the taxonomy of the genus Anemone L. sensu stricto (Ranunculaceae)[J]. J Jpn Bot, 83: 127-155.

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