綠廁所二號，奠邊省，越南

1 洗手池/Sinks

在2014年山羅學(xué)校的“綠廁所”項目完成之后，“綠廁所二號”增加了衛(wèi)生設(shè)備和配套設(shè)施的數(shù)量，以更整體的方式實現(xiàn)了越南教育與培訓(xùn)部和衛(wèi)生部的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。該項目將滿足達(dá)瑪社達(dá)瑪小學(xué)300多名學(xué)生的衛(wèi)生和盥洗需求——奠邊省尊角區(qū)的這個公社既有特殊的困難又缺水。

以兩棵枝繁葉茂的大樹為下方和室內(nèi)空間遮陰的標(biāo)志性形象為特征，“綠廁所二號”用四周的一層植被（綠草和樹木）輕輕地與大地相接。這層植被有助于調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)氣候，穩(wěn)定承重結(jié)構(gòu)，提供食物，同時營造出室內(nèi)外空間感覺上的邊界。該項目用當(dāng)?shù)氐娜肆筒牧希院唵?、高效的施工方法建成，并用太陽能板提供電氣照明，將雨水和廢水用于清潔和園藝。

“綠廁所”的目標(biāo)是塑造使用者未來的行為，從而在越南鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)學(xué)校廁所嚴(yán)重短缺的背景下，更積極地為當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)平衡、經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定和越南人權(quán)的改善帶來顯著的影響。

（尚晉 譯）

2 外立面/Fa?ade

Subsequent to the Toigetation project completed in Son Lap School in 2014, the Toigetation 2 has been upgraded regarding the number of sanitary equipment and accessories as a more holistic approach to the standard sanitation service by Ministry of Education and Training and Ministry of Health of Vietnam. The project is to meet the sanitation and washing needs for over 300 Ta Ma Primary School pupils in Ta Ma Commune - a commune in special difficulties and water scarcity in Tuan Giao District, Dien Bien Province.

Featured with the iconic image of two big trees with wide canopy providing shade to the space below and within, the Toigetation 2 lightly touches the ground with a layer of vegetation (trees and herbs) on its four sides. The layer of vegetation helps regulating indoor micro-climate, harnessing load bearing structure, supplying food and at the same time creating a perceived boundary between inside and outside space. Constructed by local human resources and materials in simple but efficient construction methods, the project uses solar panels for electric lightening, rain water and waste water for cleaning and gardening purposes.

The Toigetation is supposed to contribute to shaping users' future action, thereby exerting significant impacts on the promotion of local ecological balance, economic stability and improvement of Human rights in Vietnam more positively in the context of severe shortage of toilets at schools in Vietnam's rural areas.□

3 外景/Exterior view

4 植被層與洗手池/A thick layer of vegetation and sinks

5 廊道/Passageway

6 平面/Plan

7 示意/Diagram

評論

盧健松：在諸多的限定條件下，如何利用有限的資源，創(chuàng)造富有想象力的空間，進(jìn)而為不同地區(qū)的人們提供有尊嚴(yán)的生活，是當(dāng)代建筑師在鄉(xiāng)村工作中不可回避的責(zé)任。H&P建筑事務(wù)所在越南高平保樂的兩個公共衛(wèi)生間，利用原竹、波紋鋼板為主要材料，為當(dāng)?shù)睾⑼瘎?chuàng)造了干凈、清潔且充滿童趣的場所。案例中，與當(dāng)?shù)刈越ㄗ≌绯鲆晦H的材料使用方案確保了項目的低造價與可實施；混凝土抹灰部分的艷麗色彩，增強(qiáng)了建筑的現(xiàn)代性趣味；外露的原竹種植槽，讓這棟簡單的建筑煥發(fā)出童話般的色彩，且順應(yīng)了當(dāng)?shù)匮谉岬臍夂?；一系列的雨水收集設(shè)施，以一種柔和的姿態(tài)為孩童講述了自然的故事，并展示了技術(shù)的美妙。

唐勇：該項目在空間結(jié)構(gòu)上由中心如廁封閉空間與周邊竹構(gòu)架植物墻圍合而成，具有強(qiáng)烈的原型性，充分使用磚、竹等鄉(xiāng)村本地材料，利用低技低造價策略，快速施工、低成本和廣泛的適用性。同時，太陽能技術(shù)、雨水收集更強(qiáng)化了廁所的綠色節(jié)能概念，而通風(fēng)采光、植物栽培等學(xué)科教育又可讓學(xué)生們在這個小建筑的建造和使用中得到更直接的體驗。讓這個項目跨越建筑學(xué)，具備更多元的社會意義。

Comments

LU Jiansong: How to make good use of limited resources, create an imaginative space in poor conditions, and provide a dignified living environment for people, it is an unavoidable responsibility for contemporary architects working in rural area. Two public toilets in Gaoping, Vietnam, designed by H&P Architects, use bamboo and corrugated steel as the main materials, creating a clean, neat and child-friendly place for local people. In this case, the building material of the building is same as to the local self-built houses, which make this project cost low and feasibility. The bright and colourful plaster enhances the modernity of the building; the flowers in the outdoor bamboo flowerpots adapt the building to the local hot and humid climate, and make the building beautiful like a fairy tale. A series of rainwater collecting facilities tell the story of nature in a soft gesture and show the beauty of technology.

TANG Yong: The layout of this project consists in the enclosed toilet area in the centre and the surrounding buffer zones, which are created by bamboo vegetation walls. This vernacular building has made adequate use of local bricks and bamboo emphasising on an overall low-cost and low-tech building strategy. This has meant fast construction speed, a low project budget and consequently allowing the techniques to be adapted widely.Meanwhile, the use of solar energy and rainwater collection system underscores the green building concept. Other aspects such as ventilation,natural lighting and vegetation planting are also educational to the students, showing the construction process of the small-scale building.The Toigetation is a cross discipline project and as such has also a lot of social meaning. (Translated by Jue Chen)

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location: 越南奠邊省遵教縣達(dá)瑪社達(dá)瑪小學(xué)/Ta Ma Primary School, Ta Ma Commune, Tuan Giao District, Dien Bien Province, Vietnam

投資/Investor: Dien Bien Provincial Centre for Rural Water Supply and Sanitation

贊助/Sponsor: UNICEF Vietnam

設(shè)計與技術(shù)支持/Design and Technical assistance: H&P Architects

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: Doan Thanh Ha, Tran Ngoc Phuong

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/Design Team: Chu Kim Thinh, Dao Bich Lien,Nguyen Hai Hue, Nguyen Van Manh, Nguyen Van Thinh.

竣工時間/Completion Time: 2016.06

攝影/Photos: Nguyen Tien Thanh

8 細(xì)部/Detail

9 廊道/Passageway