馬鈴薯切片外敷小兒輸液腫脹部位的療效

羅小香

【摘要】 目的：探詢馬鈴薯切片外敷小兒輸液腫脹部位的療效。方法：從筆者所在醫(yī)院2018年4月-2019年4月收治的行靜脈輸液治療且出現(xiàn)靜脈局部軟組織腫脹的患兒100例為研究對象，采用簡單隨機(jī)法分成用濕毛巾熱敷及50%硫酸鎂濕敷的對照組，以及用馬鈴薯切片外敷的觀察組。比較兩組療效、腫脹消退時(shí)間、治療前后癥狀情況、癥狀改善率及不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率。結(jié)果：觀察組總有效率為98%，明顯高于對照組的84%（P<0.05）;觀察組腫脹消退時(shí)間早于對照組（P<0.05）;兩組治療前癥狀情況比較，差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）;觀察組治療后癥狀改善率為92%，顯著高于對照組的74%（P<0.05）;觀察組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為0，低于對照組的12%（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：運(yùn)用馬鈴薯切片外敷小兒輸液局部軟組織腫脹的療效甚佳，腫脹消退時(shí)間更早，癥狀得到明顯改善，且不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率顯著降低。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 馬鈴薯切片 外敷 靜脈輸液 軟組織腫脹

[Abstract] Objective： To investigate the effect of external application with potato slice on the swelling of infusion in children. Method： From April 2018 to April 2019， 100 children with intravenous infusion and local venous soft tissue swelling treated in our hospital were selected as subjects. A simple random method was used to divide the control group with wet towel hot compress and 50% Magnesium Sulfate wet compress and the observation group with potato slice external application. The efficacy， time of swelling resolution， symptoms before and after treatment， symptom improvement rate and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Result： The total effective rate was 98% in the observation group， which was significantly higher than 84% of the control group （P<0.05）. The time of swelling resolution in the observation group was earlier than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The symptoms before treatment were compared between the two groups， and the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The symptom improvement rate of the observation group was 92% after treatment， which was significantly higher than 74% of the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 0， which was significantly lower than 12% of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The effect of external application with potato slice on the local soft tissue swelling of infusion in children is very good， time of swelling resolution is shorter， the symptoms are obviously improved， and the incidence of adverse reactions is greatly reduced.

靜脈輸液過程中，可由諸多因素致使液體外滲，譬如護(hù)理人員在注射時(shí)進(jìn)針角度不佳、未按規(guī)范操作牢固性不佳、藥物濃度高、刺激性大及患者自身運(yùn)動(dòng)幅度過度等[1-2]。針刺周邊皮膚受到刺激后，患者常出現(xiàn)疼痛、紅腫等癥狀，極不利于后續(xù)治療的順利進(jìn)行，不僅增加患者治療的痛苦，且護(hù)理人員再次實(shí)施靜脈穿刺難度加大[3]。以往多使用濕毛巾熱敷、硫酸鎂濕敷針刺局部，但治療效果不顯著[4]?；诖?，筆者選取醫(yī)院100例靜脈輸液中出現(xiàn)靜脈局部軟組織腫脹的患兒為研究對象，按簡單隨機(jī)法分成濕毛巾熱敷及50%硫酸鎂濕敷的對照組及用馬鈴薯切片外敷的觀察組進(jìn)行對比研究，以尋求具體療效，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

從筆者所在醫(yī)院2018年4月-2019年4月收治的行靜脈輸液治療且出現(xiàn)靜脈局部軟組織腫脹的患兒100例為研究對象。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：（1）均因輸液外滲引起局部軟組織腫脹或靜脈炎;（2）年齡2～15歲;（3）營養(yǎng)狀況及局部皮膚良好。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：（1）有精神疾病障礙;（2）有過敏史及皮膚病。采用簡單隨機(jī)法分成對照組（n=50）及觀察組（n=50）。觀察組男28例，女22例;年齡3～11歲，平均（6.4±2.2）歲。對照組男29例，女21例;年齡4～12歲，平均（6.5±2.1）歲。兩組一般資料比較，差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），可對比。本次研究已通過醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)審批，家屬享有知情權(quán)，同意患兒參與研究。