探尋衛(wèi)溫遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣的腳步

史春波

潘國(guó)平不停地咳嗽，他體重不足40公斤，高高瘦瘦，像一根竹子。

這位知名的浙江臺(tái)州籍國(guó)際法教授生了重病，左肺喪失供氧功能，有時(shí)候呼吸也困難。但他還是趕到了首發(fā)式現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。

北京。不久前，潘國(guó)平發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)衛(wèi)溫首航臺(tái)灣1789周年紀(jì)念郵折首發(fā)式。來(lái)參加的有軍界、政界、學(xué)界、法律界等方面的專(zhuān)家學(xué)者。潘國(guó)平把他們請(qǐng)來(lái)，一起探討的是三國(guó)時(shí)期（220年-280年）衛(wèi)溫將軍遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣的兩岸往事，以及這一歷史事件在史學(xué)、政治學(xué)、法學(xué)上的價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。

這件事，瘦弱的潘國(guó)平已經(jīng)做了整整十年。

一

現(xiàn)在，潘國(guó)平的身份是：西南政法大學(xué)國(guó)際法教授、博士生導(dǎo)師，浙江省東吳衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣基金會(huì)理事長(zhǎng)。

首發(fā)式上，一張小小的郵折，印著一座章安古橋，默默訴說(shuō)的正是三國(guó)時(shí)期衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣的歷史。

靜默的，又是沸騰的。

1789周年前，東吳將軍衛(wèi)溫就是在臺(tái)州章安港率隊(duì)出海，登上“夷洲”（今臺(tái)灣），并在當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)營(yíng)開(kāi)發(fā)，促成了較大規(guī)模的文明交融與人員往來(lái)，這也是中國(guó)正史上大陸與臺(tái)灣通航的最早記錄。

潘國(guó)平動(dòng)情地講述了10年來(lái)推動(dòng)衛(wèi)溫首航臺(tái)灣這一研究的過(guò)程，他呼吁更多的力量來(lái)參與推進(jìn)，尤其是加強(qiáng)該歷史事件的考古挖掘，以提供更多的史料、文物支撐。

“衛(wèi)溫事件展現(xiàn)了兩岸關(guān)系的悠久歷史，目前正在挖掘的遺址、文物，都是見(jiàn)證自古以來(lái)兩岸關(guān)系的鐵證。”研究國(guó)際戰(zhàn)略的教授劉建飛這樣說(shuō)，“衛(wèi)溫事件的挖掘研究、宣傳普及，有助于樹(shù)立正確的臺(tái)灣史觀，對(duì)推進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系發(fā)展有著重要意義?！?/p>

潘國(guó)平自己也沒(méi)有想到，會(huì)和一個(gè)叫衛(wèi)溫的古人產(chǎn)生關(guān)系。

潘國(guó)平和衛(wèi)溫，一個(gè)是國(guó)際法泰斗邵津教授的得意門(mén)生，北京大學(xué)的博士，做過(guò)律師，年輕有為;另一個(gè)是700多年前三國(guó)時(shí)代的東吳大將，史籍上也記載不多。無(wú)論時(shí)空如何交錯(cuò)，他們的命運(yùn)也不會(huì)有任何交集。

但是，潘國(guó)平是臺(tái)州人，臺(tái)州和臺(tái)灣兩個(gè)一字之差的地方，雖然讀音不同，但潘國(guó)平經(jīng)常會(huì)聽(tīng)說(shuō)兩地之間的不少淵源關(guān)系。比如臺(tái)灣有好幾萬(wàn)臺(tái)州大陳人，有好多個(gè)大陳村。

二

10年前，潘國(guó)平認(rèn)識(shí)了衛(wèi)溫。那時(shí)，他在研究臺(tái)灣的原始主權(quán)問(wèn)題，查閱到《三國(guó)志·吳書(shū)》時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了家鄉(xiāng)的一段歷史。

據(jù)《三國(guó)志·吳書(shū)》記載，黃龍二年春正月，吳王孫權(quán)遣將軍衛(wèi)溫、諸葛直率甲士萬(wàn)余浮海求夷洲，但得數(shù)千夷洲人還。

據(jù)考證，出發(fā)地就是臺(tái)州椒江的章安。這讓他覺(jué)得興奮和好奇。

潘國(guó)平馬上從北京趕回臺(tái)州，拜訪了他的老鄉(xiāng)，臺(tái)州市政協(xié)原副主席、臺(tái)州學(xué)院歷史系教授葉哲明——衛(wèi)溫浮海夷洲研究的最權(quán)威專(zhuān)家。

從此，潘國(guó)平和臺(tái)灣、他和衛(wèi)溫發(fā)生了不解之緣。

對(duì)于潘國(guó)平來(lái)說(shuō)，這是奔波的10年。

2009年底，潘國(guó)平發(fā)起了“臺(tái)（州）臺(tái)（灣）”海上直航發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研討會(huì)。3年后，在臺(tái)州成立衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣研究會(huì)。

2013年2月24日，潘國(guó)平提出要把衛(wèi)溫遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣申報(bào)世界遺產(chǎn)，并在北京大學(xué)舉辦了研討會(huì)。

隨后，他又在臺(tái)北組織海峽兩岸紀(jì)念衛(wèi)溫遠(yuǎn)航的研討會(huì)，加強(qiáng)了兩岸的聯(lián)系。

2016年5月19日，在杭州，經(jīng)浙江省民政廳批準(zhǔn)，浙江省東吳衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣基金會(huì)成立，潘國(guó)平擔(dān)任理事長(zhǎng)。他向臺(tái)州市椒江區(qū)政府爭(zhēng)取了100萬(wàn)元經(jīng)費(fèi)支持，自己也拿出了100萬(wàn)元。

除了各種研討會(huì)，潘國(guó)平開(kāi)始尋訪各種遺跡，他覺(jué)得最難的是考古上的支撐。

這一切都是自費(fèi)的。他最遠(yuǎn)到過(guò)馬六甲海峽，去了東京的博物館和琉球博物館，去了臺(tái)灣的博物館，希望能找到一些考古上的證據(jù)。

但這太難了，畢竟距今1700多年了。他的朋友王鍵教授是近代史研究員，在首發(fā)式上，王鍵說(shuō)，以后我也給你多留意。

也有人勸他不要做了，這樣大的事靠一個(gè)人沒(méi)法做，還是好好在學(xué)校里教書(shū)吧。但潘國(guó)平依然堅(jiān)持著。這么多年來(lái)，這成了他的使命，或者說(shuō)成了他生命的一部分。

三

這幾年來(lái)，在潘國(guó)平的倡議和推動(dòng)下，衛(wèi)溫首航臺(tái)灣已成為臺(tái)州一張耀眼的“金名片”。

近日，臺(tái)州市臺(tái)辦與發(fā)改委聯(lián)合出臺(tái)《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步深化臺(tái)州與臺(tái)灣經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流合作的若干措施》，其中第38條，“支持兩岸共同推進(jìn)衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣史料和歷史遺跡的研究開(kāi)發(fā)，積極開(kāi)展相關(guān)主題紀(jì)念活動(dòng)和各種文藝形式的宣傳。”

在潘國(guó)平的推動(dòng)下，浙江和臺(tái)州各級(jí)政府做了很多工作。比如臺(tái)州連續(xù)10多次開(kāi)展紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，成立衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣研究會(huì)及研究所，對(duì)該事件持續(xù)性深入的挖掘、研究，同時(shí)也將在章安建立衛(wèi)溫主題公園。

現(xiàn)在，潘國(guó)平最大的夢(mèng)想是，能把衛(wèi)溫船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)航臺(tái)灣的故事早日拍成電影?！巴ㄟ^(guò)電影，可以讓更多的人特別是年輕人了解這段歷史。向世界宣示：臺(tái)灣自古屬于中國(guó)！”

潘國(guó)平透露，這部電影，目前已在國(guó)家電影局備案、立項(xiàng)，并獲得了批復(fù)。北京電影學(xué)院青年電影制片廠、北京大學(xué)影視戲劇研究中心等多家業(yè)內(nèi)權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)確認(rèn)參與合作。

劇本，演員都已經(jīng)有了準(zhǔn)備，投資要一億五千萬(wàn)元，這筆巨資，潘國(guó)平已經(jīng)籌集了一部分，但還有很大的困難。

“我相信能夠完成?！彼@樣說(shuō)。

Professors Research on General Wei Wen

By Shi Chunbo

The 53-year-old Pan Guoping， a professor of international law with Southwest University of Political Science & Law， has been engaged over the past ten years in the studies of General Wei Wen and his voyage to reach Taiwan 1789 years ago. His latest effort was an event in Beijing on February 24， 2019 to issue a postal stamp in commemoration of the generals voyage to Yizhou （present-day Taiwan） in 230 DC. The general stayed in Taiwan for about a year. This historical voyage and stay is widely recognized as Chinas sovereignty over Taiwan.

At the invitation of Professor Pan， government officials， military officers， scholars attended the event， exploring the practical significance and relevance of the historical event in history， politics and jurisprudence. Many of them are friends and acquaintances. They were surprised to see the professor so thin. He was very sick. He weighed no more than 40 kilograms. He coughed badly as his left lung had stopped functioning properly. And they were touched by Pans total dedication to the undertaking. His friends said they would join him in his cause.

At the event， Pan talked about his ten-year undertaking and called for more efforts to promote the study.

Pan hadnt expected that his life would have been so intimately involved with General Wei Wen of the Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period in Chinas history.

The only connection between them is Taizhou. Pan Guoping is a native of Taizhou. General Weis fleet left Taizhou for Taiwan 1，789 years ago. Pan was fascinated by the historical sailings departure point ten years ago when he was reading about the general in the? in the? written by Chen Shou （233-297）. Back then， the professor was engaged in a research project about Chinas sovereignty over Taiwan. As soon as he learned about the expedition in 230AD， he went back to Taizhou and visited Professor Ye Zheming， an expert on General Wei Wens journey to Yizhou， at the History Department of Taizhou College. This visit started his own voyage following General Wei Wen.

In the second half of 2009， Pan Guoping set up a research organization with a focus on General Weis direct sailing between Taizhou and Taiwan. Three years later， the Research Institute for Studies of Wei Wen Fleets Voyage to Taiwan was founded in Taizhou. On February 24， 2013， he proposed that the historical sailing apply for a world heritage status and held a forum at Peking University to explore the feasibilities of this proposal. Then he held a forum in Taipei in commemoration of General Weis voyage across the Taiwan Strait.

On May 19， 2016， a foundation was set up in Hangzhou with the approval of the provincial government of Zhejiang. Pan is the president of the foundation， which functions with one million yuan from the government of Jiaojing District of Taizhou and one million out of his own pocket.

Professor Pan Guoping thinks the most difficult part of his studies is that archaeological finds are hardly available for detailed information on this voyage. After all， it occurred more than 1700 years ago. In search of historical clues， he has visited museums in Japan and Taiwan. He has visited the Strait of Malacca. He got little， he revealed at the event in February 2019. His friends promised to pay attention when anything in this field may pop up in this field.

The next big thing Pan Guoping wishes to accomplish is to produce a feature film on General Weis voyage. The film has been filed with the national filmmaking authorities and has been approved. A number of filmmakers have confirmed their participation in the project. The script and selection of actors have been underway. He aims to raise 150 million yuan for the film project. He has raised some， but there are a lot to do. “I believe this can be done，” says the professor.

their eyes that she was the master of such a young age. She remembers how the fans sold out in no time in Hong Kong and regrets that none of them is in her possession as a memento. She has only a set of photos of her prize-winning paper fan drawings. In 1999， she brought her paper fans to the China Cultural Week in Paris， France. It was her first international exhibition. All the fans she brought to Paris went into private collections in France.

A turning point in her life occurred in 2010 when she demonstrated her fan-painting art at World Expo in Shanghai. She asked her daughter You Xiaoting to help her out at the expo. The daughter hadnt wanted to carry on her moms career. The girl liked to draw and was a good designer of paper fans， but she didnt want to commit herself to such a career， thinking her mothers total dedication was spiritually exhausting and unbearable. She chose to study environmental art at college. But attending the Expo in Shanghai changed her mind about paper fans. After seeing her mothers fans attracted so many people， the daughter found the work meaningful. She decided to focus on painting paper fans. Even now， the mother and the daughter feel amazed how a month at the expo in 2010 changed the life of the mother and the daughter forever. “I wouldnt want to force her to engage herself in this field. In this line of work， only a real passion can last a lifetime. Such a total dedication must come from within. It would be futile trying to impose it from without，” says the mother.

Now You Xiaoting works with her mother at the two-story studio in downtown Hefang Street. Her fan products are a little different from those by her mother. Zhao Pingjias paintings are more traditional in both subjects and skills whereas Yous works incorporate some modern elements. She will continue to do what her mother has been doing： design and create special paintings on black-paper fans. Works in this category are time-consuming and expensive. Traditional fans appeal only to a small group of people. She wants to develop paper-fans that appeal to more popular tastes of ordinary people. A series of fans that integrates paper-cutting and silk， jointly developed by the mother-daughter team， has won a gold medal in three consecutive years from the tourism authorities of Hangzhou.

The daughter is full of ideas she wants to try out in the future. While the young woman talks， Zhao Pingjia listens attentively and lovingly， knowing the fan painting art is now in the safe and youthful hands.