從“獲得感”說(shuō)起

文/王逢鑫

近年來(lái)，中國(guó)人民越來(lái)越體會(huì)到不斷增強(qiáng)的獲得感（sense of gain）。人們對(duì)“獲得感”這個(gè)新鮮的詞組有了實(shí)實(shí)在在的感覺(jué)。漢語(yǔ)存在大量的“抽象名詞 + 感”結(jié)構(gòu)的詞組。英語(yǔ)中也有 sense of +抽象名詞 的對(duì)應(yīng)詞組。這里的sense不是指視覺(jué)（sense of sight）、聽(tīng)覺(jué) （sense of hearing）、嗅覺(jué) （sense of smell）、味覺(jué)（sense of taste）和觸覺(jué)（sense of touch）等五種感覺(jué)官能，而是指“對(duì)某種重要的抽象事物的感覺(jué)、感想、情感或意識(shí)”（a feeling about sth important）。有些sense是與正面意義或褒義的抽象名詞相連的。例如：

1. 經(jīng)濟(jì)改革取得的巨大成就已大大增強(qiáng)了中國(guó)人民的獲得感。

The great achievements made in the economic reforms have dramatically boosted the Chinese people’s sense of gain.

2. 中國(guó)人民因經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮和生活幸福而充滿成就感。

The Chinese people are filled with the sense of fulfillment for their prosperous economy and happy life.

3. 作為這個(gè)貧困縣的縣委書(shū)記，他具有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感,正帶領(lǐng)著當(dāng)?shù)匕傩张c貧困作斗爭(zhēng)。

As the Party Secretary of the poverty-stricken county, he has rich experience and a keen sense of responsibility, and is leading the local people in the battle against poverty.

4. 懷著強(qiáng)烈的使命感,他作為一名志愿者到一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)山村，在一所小學(xué)教了10年留守兒童。

With a strong sense of mission, he went to a remote mountainous village as a volunteer and taught the left-behind children at a primary school for ten years.

5. 當(dāng)這對(duì)中年夫婦聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們的雙胞胎兒子被他們?cè)妥x的著名大學(xué)雙雙錄取時(shí),他們表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的自豪感。

When the middle-aged couple heard that their twin sons had been both admitted to the famous university where they had studied, they demonstrated a strong sense of pride.

6. 當(dāng)這些棚戶區(qū)居民與他們久居的貧民窟告別，遷往人民政府為他們新建的樓房時(shí),他們顯現(xiàn)出幸福感。

When these shanty dwellers said good-bye to the slum where they had lived for a long time, and moved into new buildings put up for them by the People’s Government, they exhibited a sense of happiness.

7. 這位在中國(guó)生活和工作了20年的外國(guó)專家對(duì)一名記者說(shuō)：“我在這里有安全感，比方說(shuō)，我能半夜獨(dú)自在一條偏僻的街道上行走，而毫不恐懼。”

The foreign expert, who has lived and worked in China for twenty years,said to a news reporter, “I have a sense of security here, for instance, I can walk alone in an out-of-the-way street at midnight without any fear.”

8. 這位老人是一個(gè)快樂(lè)、健康并具有強(qiáng)烈幽默感的人，幽默感對(duì)他的身心健康都有好處。

The old man is a happy and healthy person with a keen sense of humour,which is beneficial to both his mental and physical health.

有些 sense 是與中性意義的抽象名詞相連的。例如：

9. 由于他沒(méi)有很好的方向感, 他總是在城里迷路。

As he hasn’t got a very good sense of direction, he is always getting lost in town.

10. 一名優(yōu)秀體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員需要有力量、耐力、靈活度、協(xié)調(diào)性、彈跳力、速度、平衡能力、節(jié)奏感和良好的姿態(tài)。

A good gymnast requires strength, stamina, flexibility, coordination, spring,speed, balance, a sense of rhythm, and good posture.

11. 一個(gè)有挑戰(zhàn)性的目標(biāo)能產(chǎn)生緊迫感，它激發(fā)我們更加努力工作，以達(dá)成目標(biāo)。

A challenging goal can create a sense of urgency that inspires us to work harder to achieve this goal.

12. 當(dāng)他站在輪船甲板上眺望遼闊的大海時(shí),他悄然感到一種神秘感。

When he stood on the deck of the ship and looked out on the wide sea, a sense of mystery stole over him.

有些 sense 是與負(fù)面意義或貶義的抽象名詞相連的。例如：

13. 只有像這名貪官一樣沒(méi)有羞恥感而且從不覺(jué)得內(nèi)疚的人，才會(huì)做出這樣可恥的事。

Only a person like the corrupt official who has no sense of shame and never feels guilty can do such a shameful thing.

14. 由于這名貪官極其自負(fù),他對(duì)自己所犯的罪行沒(méi)有絲毫的內(nèi)疚感。

As the corrupt official was extremely self-conceited, he didn’t have any sense of guilt about the mistakes he had made.

15. 當(dāng)?shù)铱税l(fā)現(xiàn)錄取名單上沒(méi)有他的名字時(shí)，他意識(shí)到自己沒(méi)有通過(guò)入學(xué)考試，因而產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的失落感。

When Dick found his name was not on the list of enrolled students, he realized that he had failed in the entrance examination and got an overwhelming sense of loss.

16. 唯恐產(chǎn)生滿足感,這個(gè)學(xué)生總是敦促自己在學(xué)習(xí)中保持謙虛和勤勉。

For fear of inviting a sense of complacency, the student always urges himself to remain modest and diligent in his studies. □