婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病圍術(shù)期的臨床護(hù)理

王金芳

[摘要] 目的 探討婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病圍術(shù)期的臨床護(hù)理。 方法 回顧性分析2016年該院婦產(chǎn)科收治的87例婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病患者臨床資料，分析護(hù)理前后患者焦慮、抑郁評分以及對護(hù)理服務(wù)滿意度。 結(jié)果 護(hù)理后，患者SAS評分和SDS評分均明顯低于護(hù)理前（P<0.05）；患者對護(hù)理服務(wù)十分滿意44例、比較滿意43例，對護(hù)理服務(wù)滿意度達(dá)到100%。結(jié)論 圍術(shù)期護(hù)理服務(wù)不僅能明顯改善婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病患者術(shù)后焦慮和抑郁，同時還能提高護(hù)理服務(wù)滿意度，值得推廣借鑒。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 婦產(chǎn)科疾病；糖尿病；圍術(shù)期護(hù)理；護(hù)理效果

[中圖分類號] R47 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-4062（2017）09（a）-0007-02

Clinical Nursing of Diseases in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Diabetes during the Perioperative Period

WANG Jin-fang

West Coast New Area Langya Health Center， Qingdao， Shandong Province， 266408 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical nursing of diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics and diabetes during the perioperative period. Methods 87 cases of patients with diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics and diabetes admitted and treated in our hospital in 2016 were selected， and the anxiety， depression scores and satisfactory degree to nursing services before and after nursing were analyzed. Results After nursing， the SAS score and SDS score of patients were obviously lower than those in Care before（P<0.05）， and 44 cases of patients were very satisfied with the nursing services， 43 cases were more satisfied， and the satisfactory degree to the nursing services reached 100%. Conclusion The nursing service during the perioperative period can not only obviously improve the postoperative anxiety and depression of patients with diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics and diabetes but also can improve the satisfactory degree to the nursing services， and it is worth promotion and reference.

[Key words] Diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics； Diabetes； Nursing during the perioperative period； Nursing effect

臨床婦產(chǎn)科主要工作為開展妊娠、分娩、保健計劃生育以及處理女性患者生殖器官性疾病[1]。然而婦產(chǎn)科患者有可能合并其他類型疾病，如糖尿病和心血管疾病等慢性基礎(chǔ)性疾病。臨床上在治療婦產(chǎn)科疾病，尤其對于婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病患者注意事項要多于普通患者，如該類患者心肝腎臟器器官并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率增加，同時麻醉和手術(shù)對機(jī)體造成的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)，使得代謝亢進(jìn)，體內(nèi)皮質(zhì)醇、兒茶酚和生長激素等分泌異常，不利于糖尿病患者血糖穩(wěn)定[2]。該研究對婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病圍術(shù)期的臨床護(hù)理措施進(jìn)行分析，旨在為婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病患者臨床護(hù)理提供參考意見，現(xiàn)報道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

選取2016年該院婦產(chǎn)科收治的87例婦產(chǎn)科疾病合并糖尿病患者進(jìn)行分析，所有婦科疾病患者其臨床診斷均與《婦產(chǎn)科疾病》中相關(guān)婦產(chǎn)科疾病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相符合，且均合并2型糖尿病，未有重要組織器官異常，無嚴(yán)重精神和意識障礙，能與人正常交流。87例患者年齡范圍為17～55歲，平均年齡為（33.6±2.2）歲，婦科疾病類型包括盆腔炎11例、子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥14例、子宮肌瘤10例、孕產(chǎn)婦52例。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 術(shù)前護(hù)理 護(hù)理人員在患者住院后協(xié)助其做好常規(guī)檢查，如血常規(guī)、尿常規(guī)、肝腎功能以及血糖等；加強(qiáng)與患者之間的交流和溝通，對患者心理情況進(jìn)行了解，同時根據(jù)患者心理情況采取針對性的護(hù)理方案，從而改善患者焦慮和抑郁等不良情緒，提高其治療依從性；護(hù)理人員應(yīng)密切關(guān)注患者血糖改變情況，對患者飲食進(jìn)行合理控制和安排，針對糖尿病患者血糖情況予以對應(yīng)飲食指導(dǎo)，如患者出現(xiàn)饑餓時給其增加豆制品和蔬菜等副食，科學(xué)的更換食物，盡可能保持食物多樣化，防止患者因食物單調(diào)而影響飲食，嚴(yán)格遵守飲食原則，做到少數(shù)多餐限制鹽類物質(zhì)的食入；護(hù)理人指導(dǎo)患者合理科學(xué)用藥，積極將血糖維持在合理范圍內(nèi)；手術(shù)前3 d，護(hù)理人員指導(dǎo)患者加強(qiáng)陰道清洗，做好清潔衛(wèi)生工作，防止感染發(fā)生；術(shù)前當(dāng)天，護(hù)理人員協(xié)助患者做好導(dǎo)瀉，排除腸內(nèi)糞便。endprint