難忘馬里，一位浙江醫(yī)生的援非歲月

童思源

來(lái)自浙北安吉的商劍榮獲馬里衛(wèi)生部頒發(fā)的最高榮譽(yù)—騎士勛章

8月初，浙江安吉縣人民醫(yī)院麻醉科醫(yī)生商劍圓滿完成兩年的援非任務(wù)，戴著馬里衛(wèi)生部頒發(fā)的最高榮譽(yù)——騎士勛章，回到家鄉(xiāng)。商劍，作為第24批援非醫(yī)生，于2015年7月21日至2017年7月28日在馬里醫(yī)院工作。援非兩年時(shí)間里，他心里始終想著自己是一名中國(guó)醫(yī)生。近日，筆者采訪了商劍，請(qǐng)他講講中馬人民的友誼，以及醫(yī)療援非的故事。

手把手教當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)生操作

馬里醫(yī)院是由中國(guó)援建的一所綜合性醫(yī)院，是全馬里最好的醫(yī)院之一。它的主要醫(yī)療力量都來(lái)自中國(guó)援非醫(yī)療隊(duì)，就商劍工作的麻醉科而言，除了一名麻醉監(jiān)護(hù)室主任和幾名麻醉助手外，其他4名麻醉醫(yī)生都來(lái)自中國(guó)。馬里醫(yī)院聚集了馬里最頂尖的醫(yī)療力量，在整個(gè)西非都有很大影響力，是中馬友誼的見(jiàn)證，更是中馬醫(yī)務(wù)人員交流的平臺(tái)。

商劍在馬里醫(yī)院前。

“我們?cè)侵?，培?xùn)了半年的法語(yǔ)，但是馬里人除了說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，還說(shuō)一些土話，我們根本聽(tīng)不懂?！鄙虅φf(shuō)，“第一次手術(shù)的時(shí)候，我給病人打了局部麻藥，并跟病人說(shuō)‘如果有不適的話請(qǐng)告訴我。我以為病人理解了我的意思，沒(méi)想到手術(shù)過(guò)程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)病人嘴里嘀嘀咕咕。我問(wèn)翻譯才知道，原來(lái)病人有點(diǎn)疼。我也有點(diǎn)自責(zé)，都是事先溝通不到位造成的?！?/p>

在這之后，商劍在給病人麻醉的時(shí)候都一定讓助手、翻譯傳達(dá)清楚意思，同時(shí)都自己動(dòng)手，讓助手在邊上看。直到有一天馬里醫(yī)院的麻醉科主任對(duì)商劍說(shuō)：“商醫(yī)生，你們畢竟是要走的，還是讓我們多動(dòng)動(dòng)手，你在旁邊當(dāng)老師指導(dǎo)吧?！?/p>

據(jù)了解，馬里醫(yī)養(yǎng)分家，看病、手術(shù)要預(yù)約，三個(gè)月能看上病已經(jīng)很好了，病人做手術(shù)連器材也要自己買(mǎi)，援非醫(yī)生盡最大努力治病救人。在援非的兩年時(shí)間里，商劍手把手地教會(huì)了當(dāng)?shù)刂秩绾卧槪约叭绾慰刂扑幜康??！霸谖一貋?lái)之前，我的助手已經(jīng)能夠獨(dú)立完成任務(wù)了，這是我最開(kāi)心的，也是我援非最大的成就?！鄙虅φf(shuō)，“臨走前，我將安吉縣人民醫(yī)院的工作服贈(zèng)送給了助手。助手穿上后很高興地說(shuō)‘我是中國(guó)醫(yī)生的徒弟！”

最難熬是對(duì)家人的思念

有人曾說(shuō)過(guò)：人不經(jīng)歷戰(zhàn)亂，體會(huì)不到和平的可貴;不出國(guó)，不知道祖國(guó)有多親;不遠(yuǎn)離親人，體會(huì)不到骨肉分離的思念之苦。是的，遠(yuǎn)離祖國(guó)，遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)和親人，在萬(wàn)里之外的非洲，承受了多少離愁別緒。商劍說(shuō)，兩年的援非生涯，最難熬的不是生活的艱辛，也不是工作中的困難，而是對(duì)家人的思念。老人生病了、孩子不聽(tīng)話了、愛(ài)人工作壓力太大，這些都讓他牽腸掛肚。雖然作為護(hù)士的愛(ài)人總是報(bào)喜不報(bào)憂，但他深知，愛(ài)人柔弱的肩膀擔(dān)負(fù)著怎樣的重任。

問(wèn)起當(dāng)初為什么會(huì)想到去援非？商劍說(shuō)：“那時(shí)候我們醫(yī)院楊士雄醫(yī)生援非，拍了一張照片放在朋友圈里。我看到他穿的白大褂上有一面國(guó)旗，很是自豪。心想，如果有機(jī)會(huì)穿上這樣的工作服，代表國(guó)家去工作，那該多好?。『髞?lái)征集第24批援非醫(yī)生的時(shí)候，我就報(bào)名了?！?/p>

商劍是湖北人，作為一名新安吉人，在安吉縣人民醫(yī)院工作也有十多年了?！霸谠瞧陂g，最放心不下的就是家人，因?yàn)閮鹤有。改改昙o(jì)大，全靠妻子一個(gè)人照顧?！鄙虅φf(shuō)，“馬里和中國(guó)相差8個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)，國(guó)內(nèi)早上6點(diǎn)鐘，馬里是晚上10點(diǎn)鐘，我就微信語(yǔ)音提示他們母子倆起床，該準(zhǔn)備上班和上學(xué)了。有時(shí)，中午的時(shí)候，我們夫妻倆也會(huì)抽一點(diǎn)時(shí)間聊個(gè)天，周末的時(shí)候跟兒子視頻聊天。他們倆把我當(dāng)成定時(shí)鬧鐘了?！?/p>

在馬里普通居民家過(guò)節(jié)

馬里是西非一個(gè)內(nèi)陸國(guó)家，北部是撒哈拉沙漠，全國(guó)只有2%的國(guó)土面積可以農(nóng)作，是世界上最貧困的國(guó)家之一。援非的31位醫(yī)護(hù)人員的食品大部分來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)。

“馬里國(guó)民信奉伊斯蘭教，宰牲節(jié)是他們重要的節(jié)日，和我們的中秋節(jié)、春節(jié)等重大節(jié)日差不多。有錢(qián)人家宰殺一只羊吃，貧窮的人家至少也要買(mǎi)點(diǎn)肉吃?！鄙虅φf(shuō)，“在馬里，牛羊肉的價(jià)格相對(duì)便宜，相當(dāng)于二三十元人民幣一公斤。馬里人很少吃蔬菜，主食是小米、面包。我們助手家的條件算是好的，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)吧，有房子。宰牲節(jié)那天，他邀請(qǐng)我和另外一位醫(yī)生去他家做客，我?guī)Я税布撞杞o他作為禮物。”

商劍告訴筆者，馬里人一天只吃?xún)刹椭魇?，但很喜歡喝茶，尤其是中國(guó)茶，他們?cè)诓璞锓挪韬桶滋?，白糖也是中資企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的。“2016年我曾經(jīng)回國(guó)探親，帶了很多茶葉作為禮物送給他們?！?/p>

商劍和他的助手、同事在一起過(guò)宰牲節(jié)，餐桌上放著一盤(pán)羊肝、一盤(pán)面包?！把蚋螌?duì)于馬里人來(lái)說(shuō)是最好的食物，是用來(lái)招待尊貴客人的。說(shuō)句實(shí)話，羊肝我們真不喜歡吃，但是必須尊重當(dāng)?shù)氐拿袼罪L(fēng)情，品嘗一塊之后，就拿面包蘸湯汁吃。”商劍說(shuō)，“不管怎樣，我們走進(jìn)了馬里普通居民的家里，過(guò)了一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日?！?h3>始終踐行中國(guó)醫(yī)生職責(zé)

在馬里，商劍體會(huì)到普通老百姓的純真與善良，人們對(duì)于和平生活的渴望！兩年來(lái)，他完成了很多重癥兒童的麻醉。那些原本可能殘疾或患重病的孩子，只要走進(jìn)馬里醫(yī)院，都得到了來(lái)自中國(guó)醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)精心的醫(yī)治。在馬里，不僅馬里人民得到中國(guó)醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)的救助，當(dāng)?shù)氐娜A人華僑、中資企業(yè)人員也因?yàn)橹袊?guó)醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)而得到更優(yōu)質(zhì)的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。

在馬里工作期間，商劍充分發(fā)揮自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)特長(zhǎng)為馬里人民服務(wù)。現(xiàn)在，他傳授的“坐式麻醉”已成為馬里醫(yī)院對(duì)剖宮產(chǎn)患者的首選麻醉體位，有效減少了產(chǎn)婦臥式麻醉帶來(lái)的呼吸等影響。在做好麻醉工作之外，商劍還隨醫(yī)療隊(duì)積極參與中國(guó)駐馬里大使館的重大外事活動(dòng)，受到中國(guó)駐馬里大使陸慧英的高度評(píng)價(jià)和贊賞。

商劍在給病人打麻藥（左）。

“馬里恐怖襲擊比較多，家人最擔(dān)心的就是我的安全?！鄙虅φf(shuō)，“還好，我們駐地離市中心較遠(yuǎn)。隊(duì)里規(guī)定只有周六可以出門(mén)，而且要結(jié)伴。平時(shí)我們就在駐地看書(shū)、看電視、看手機(jī)里的新聞，或者打球、健身，總之還好吧，畢竟我們的祖國(guó)強(qiáng)大了，我們?cè)谕庖舶踩芏??！?/p>

“微信成了我們和家人聯(lián)系的有效方式。記得有一次醫(yī)院停電三天，恢復(fù)通訊后，一打開(kāi)微信全是家人擔(dān)心的話語(yǔ)。通過(guò)及時(shí)溝通情況，家人懸著的一顆心終于放了下來(lái)?！?/p>

春節(jié)是中國(guó)人的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，援非醫(yī)療隊(duì)也邀請(qǐng)馬里醫(yī)院的同事來(lái)參加。馬里朋友能歌善舞，大家紛紛上臺(tái)表演節(jié)目，盡管聽(tīng)不懂他們?cè)诔裁矗菑乃麄兊母杪?、舞姿中可以看到快?lè)，因?yàn)樗囆g(shù)和醫(yī)術(shù)一樣，沒(méi)有國(guó)界之分。

援非任務(wù)結(jié)束之際，因?yàn)樯虅Τ錾墓ぷ鞅憩F(xiàn)，馬里衛(wèi)生部官員給他頒發(fā)了最高榮譽(yù)勛章——騎士勛章。作為中國(guó)援非醫(yī)療隊(duì)的一員，他用理想和信念，踐行了醫(yī)者對(duì)職業(yè)和人類(lèi)生命的神圣承諾。這份經(jīng)歷，永駐心間。“平凡與偉大之間，是時(shí)間的積累。馬里的生活是由很多普通的生活片斷組成的。雖然經(jīng)歷了疾病、恐怖襲擊等事情，但是作為一名醫(yī)務(wù)工作者，治病救人是職責(zé)也是使命，不分國(guó)界，不分種族?！鄙虅φf(shuō)，“我們?cè)隈R里工作兩年，始終堅(jiān)定一顆愛(ài)國(guó)心。我自豪，因?yàn)槲沂且幻袊?guó)醫(yī)生。”

A Chinese

Helping Hand in Mali

By Tong Siyuan

Shang Jian， working in the Anesthesiology Department of Anji Peoples Hospital， Zhejiang， returned home with a Knights Cross awarded by Ministry of Health in early August this year after completion of two years international aid work in the Republic of Mali in West Africa. Cultural Dialogue sits down to quiz the doctor about his mission and the friendship between the Chinese and people in Mali.

From July 21， 2015 to July 28， 2017， Shang Jian worked with a team that included four anesthetists from China and several assistants in Mali Hospital， one of the best hospitals not only in Mali but also in western Africa regions. With Chinese specialists constituting the core of the medical team， the hospital is also an important witness of the China-Mali medical exchanges and friendship.

“We took part in a six-month language training program before we set off， and took it for granted that we could handle the French basics when we were there，” Shang Jian recalled. “During our first operation there， I realized the patient did not understand what I tried to tell him and found out later that many of the locals only speak the local dialect， for which I felt a little guilty.”

The medical service system in Mali， a landlocked country in West Africa， is based on the reservation mechanism， which means a waiting list decides who gets operation at a certain time. The charging system does not include the cost of surgical equipments， which raises the cost sustained by the patient. “I tried my best to teach my assistants so that they can work independently after I leave， which brought me a great sense of accomplishments，” Shang Jian shared.

For Shang Jian， the biggest challenge in the two years was not the pressure at work or the hardships of life in a war-inflicted foreign country， but was the separation from the family. “For two years， my wife who is a nurse had to take care of my parents and my son all by herself， but she never complained. And the eight-hour time difference was not easy to handle.”endprint

The eighth-largest country in Africa， Mali is one of the worlds poorest countries， with about half the population living below the international poverty line. Its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert. The countrys economy centers on agriculture and fishing. During the two years， most of the food supply of the 31 Chinese doctors working in Mali was from China.

With a majority of the population being Muslims in Mali， Eid al-Adha is considered the most important festival by the locals. “My assistant invited me to join the celebration at his home， and to reciprocate his hospitality I brought him the Anji White Tea. Many locals are huge fans of Chinese tea.”

The expertise and dedication of Chinese doctors have saved the life of many local children. The medical services also reached the local Chinese community. The Chinese medical teams active involvement in cultural exchange activities was praised by Lu Huiying， representing the Chinese Embassy in Mali.

A Tuareg rebellion began in Northern Mali in 2012， led by the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. The chaos triggered a series of social problems， making Mali one of the worlds most dangerous places to live in. “We had to be very careful every day， spending most of our free time in the ‘safe zone reading， playing basketball and watching TV. WeChat， an omnipresent mobile phonen social app in China， turned out to be the best communication tool when it came to the connection with my family in Anji. My parents and my wife worried to death when a three-day power failure cut the normal connection.”

Beside his work in Mali， Shang was able to find more about the country. The varied everyday culture of Malians reflects the countrys ethnic and geographic diversity. Despite frequent terrorist attacks and long-time social instability， Malians frequently participate in traditional festivals， dances， and ceremonies. Living in a war-ridden country， most Malians wear flowing， colorful robes that are typical of West Africa. Dance also plays a large role in Malian culture. Dance parties are common events among friends.

For Shang Jian， who has returned to his hometown safe and sound， the two-year adventure in Africa was a character-building experience that not only saved the life of the Malians but also healed his own soul.endprint