何惠嬌 盧先卿 蘇慧
【摘要】 目的 探討觀察鹽酸右美托咪定對(duì)剖宮產(chǎn)患者椎管內(nèi)麻醉期間寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng)的預(yù)防效果。方法 86例剖宮產(chǎn)并接受椎管內(nèi)麻醉的患者, 根據(jù)其臨床是否應(yīng)用鹽酸右美托咪定分為研究組與對(duì)照組, 每組43例。研究組患者在胎兒剖出后給予鹽酸右美托咪定靜脈注射, 對(duì)照組患者則在胎兒剖出后給予等量生理鹽水靜脈注射, 觀察比較兩組患者寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng)及不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 研究組中93.02%的患者未出現(xiàn)寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng), 明顯高于對(duì)照組的76.74%, 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.440, P<0.05)。研究組患者的總不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率(11.63%)明顯低于對(duì)照組(30.23%), 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.497, P<0.05)。結(jié)論 鹽酸右美托咪定可有效預(yù)防剖宮產(chǎn)患者椎管內(nèi)麻醉期間寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng), 且還有助于減少不良反應(yīng), 值得臨床進(jìn)一步推廣應(yīng)用。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 鹽酸右美托咪定;剖宮產(chǎn);椎管內(nèi)麻醉;寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng);預(yù)防效果
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.25.064
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the preventive effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on shivering reaction during spinal anesthesia in cesarean section. Methods A total of 86 cesarean section patients undergoing spinal anesthesia were divided by whether using dexmedetomidine hydrochloride into research group and control group, with 43 cases in each group. The research group received intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride after dissection, and the control group received intravenous injection of equal volume of saline after dissection. Observation and comparison were made on shivering reaction and adverse reaction in two groups. Results The research group had obviously higher proportion of shivering reaction as 93.02% than 76.74% in the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (χ2=4.440, P<0.05). The research group had obviously lower incidence of total adverse reactions (11.63%) than the control group (30.23%), and the difference had statistical significance (χ2=4.497, P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride can effectively prevent shivering reaction during spinal anesthesia in cesarean section, and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. It is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.
【Key words】 Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride; Cesarean section; Spinal anesthesia; Shivering reaction; Preventive effect
寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng)是術(shù)后常見的并發(fā)癥之一, 是機(jī)體對(duì)中心體溫降低的一種生理反應(yīng), 會(huì)對(duì)患者的生理、心理造成不良影響。有研究證實(shí)[1], 誘發(fā)患者發(fā)生寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng)的因素主要來源于兩個(gè)方面, 即手術(shù)因素與麻醉因素。其中麻醉因素是最主要且最常見的誘因之一[2], 因?yàn)榛颊呓邮苈樽砗螅?麻醉藥物都會(huì)明顯抑制正常的自主體位調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制, 從而抑制機(jī)體體溫調(diào)節(jié)中樞, 引起體溫下降, 導(dǎo)致寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng)的發(fā)生。鑒于此, 本研究為進(jìn)一步預(yù)防剖宮產(chǎn)患者椎管內(nèi)麻醉期間寒戰(zhàn)反應(yīng)的發(fā)生, 將鹽酸右美托咪定應(yīng)用于臨床, 結(jié)果取得了不錯(cuò)的成效, 現(xiàn)將其具體詳情報(bào)告如下。
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 本研究所選取的86例研究對(duì)象均為2016年1~12月在本院行剖宮產(chǎn)并接受椎管內(nèi)麻醉的患者, 根據(jù)其臨床是否應(yīng)用鹽酸右美托咪定分為研究組與對(duì)照組, 每組43例。
研究組患者年齡20~42歲, 平均年齡(29.26±4.37)歲;孕周36~42周, 平均孕周(38.94±1.03)周。對(duì)照組患者年齡20~43歲, 平均年齡(28.86±4.72)歲;孕周36~42周, 平均孕周(38.88±1.12)周。兩組患者的年齡、孕周等一般資料比較, 差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05), 具有可比性。
1. 2 納入及排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①均于本院行剖宮產(chǎn), 且接受椎管內(nèi)麻醉;②美國(guó)麻醉醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)(ASA)分級(jí)為Ⅰ~Ⅱ級(jí);③患者病歷資料完整;④經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn);⑤患者自愿簽署知情同意書。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①合并有嚴(yán)重心、肝、腎等重要臟器疾病者;②癲癇患者;③未足月妊娠者;④認(rèn)知障礙或精神異常者;⑤不同意參與本次研究者。endprint