王有姣
【摘要】本文就高考全國(guó)II卷語法填空題中無提示詞的幾種情況做了詳細(xì)的剖析和解題技巧的介紹并配有典型的例句。從介詞、代詞、冠詞和并列連詞和從屬連詞四大方面講解。
【關(guān)鍵詞】語法填空 無提示詞 解題技巧
高考英語語法填空題型設(shè)置分為有提示詞和無提示詞兩種題型,其中無提示詞占4.5左右。經(jīng)過筆者多年教學(xué)實(shí)踐總結(jié),無提示詞部分在冠詞、代詞、介詞、并列連詞和從屬連詞設(shè)題,其中尤其注重對(duì)三大從句的考查。
一、冠詞a/an/the
空格后有名詞且表示泛指或特指含義,或有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、表示特指意義的比較級(jí)等,空格處要填冠詞。冠詞考察的是a和an表示泛指時(shí)an的特殊性,而the則表示特指范疇。
The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,the other is with mum—she never suspects.
He owned a farm,which looked almost abandoned.
二、介詞
當(dāng)名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí),則前面填介詞。通常是介詞與動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的搭配。在日常學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)注意對(duì)詞組的積累和誦讀。
Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
Dont laugh at me.I may look funny.
三、代詞
句中缺少主語或賓語時(shí),一般要填代詞,包括人稱代詞,不定代詞.這其中考查最多的是it的用法。
Its not easy to learn a foreign language.
I find it easy to get on with Jim.
四、并列連詞
一般空格前后是兩個(gè)并列成分,如兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整的詞、句子、短語等,而且相并列的成分相互之間存在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果關(guān)系。
It was time for her to have a new baby,and it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
When you smile not only do you feel happy,but you also bring a ray of light into the lives of others.
遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:and; both...and...; not only...but( also)... 等 選擇關(guān)系:or;either...or...;not...but...等。
轉(zhuǎn)折/對(duì)比:but;while等. 因果:so,for等。
并列連詞的常用句式:祈使句+and/or+陳述句(and表示順承;or表示轉(zhuǎn)折)
五、從屬連詞
主要是對(duì)狀語從句,名詞性從句和定語從句。首先要判斷出是否為從句。定語從句,需判斷句中缺少的是什么成分。名詞性從句,缺什么補(bǔ)什么。針對(duì)狀語從句,則要進(jìn)一步確定是什么狀語。
They live in a small house,in front of which stands an orange tree.
They live in a small house,and in front of it stands an orange tree.
The news that they won the match is true.
The news that/which you told me yesterday is true.
在實(shí)際解題過程中,學(xué)子們不能脫離對(duì)文章的整體理解,在做題時(shí)可以將10個(gè)題中的有提示詞先完成,再將以上五個(gè)方面對(duì)無提示詞題逐個(gè)篩查和判斷,利用排除法,做題的效率和準(zhǔn)確率一定會(huì)有很大的提高。