貝靈恩礦區(qū)冒險山

卡韋事務(wù)所 奧黑明設(shè)計事務(wù)所

貝靈恩礦區(qū)冒險山

卡韋事務(wù)所 奧黑明設(shè)計事務(wù)所

2015年1 月，卡韋事務(wù)所(Carve)、奧黑明設(shè)計事務(wù)所(Omgeving)以及科林克思工程公司(Krinkels)組成的團隊，贏得了位于比利時貝靈恩煤渣山改造的國際競賽。貝靈恩礦區(qū)為弗蘭德斯(Flanders)地區(qū)最大的遺址之一，業(yè)主希望通過發(fā)展旅游休閑業(yè)促進礦區(qū)更新。煤渣山改造是整個礦區(qū)更新項目的一部分。這座曾經(jīng)的礦業(yè)城市希望設(shè)計團隊能夠給60m高的煤渣山賦予新的功能，成為文化熱點，讓人們可以在玩樂中體驗礦區(qū)歷史。

場地的尺度——無論是煤渣山的高度，還是其大工業(yè)的特征——都與林堡-弗蘭德斯(Limburgian-Flanders)區(qū)域的平坦景觀形成了鮮明對比。設(shè)計介入既注重大尺度的景觀地標(biāo)的塑造，也注重身體尺度，特別是兒童的身體尺度的游玩體驗。工業(yè)遺址的獨特價值作為連續(xù)的概念貫穿了整個設(shè)計，從而為人們帶來了獨一無二的游樂景觀。這座礦山被賦予了新的意義，串聯(lián)起了過去與未來。這個設(shè)計包含了3個部分，并藉此建立與歷史的聯(lián)系：木樁森林、凹凸起伏的多面體坡地以及山頂?shù)拿旱V廣場。一條長樓梯貫通山頂與山腳，串聯(lián)起位于不同高度的各個空間。在夜晚，樓梯的輪廓燈開啟，燈光勾勒的起伏地形在黑夜中清晰可見。

呼應(yīng)歷史的木樁森林

1 總體平面圖Plandrawing large scale

木樁森林由1 600根木桿構(gòu)成，它們井然有序地從頂部至底部排列在煤渣山體北側(cè)。木樁的秩序讓山體的結(jié)構(gòu)清晰可見。這些圓形木桿曾經(jīng)被用于在地下延綿數(shù)公里的礦井的支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，提醒著人們礦山的過去。同時，木樁森林作為極具沖擊力的空間元素，強調(diào)了山體的尺度與工業(yè)特征。

平衡木、攀爬網(wǎng)、吊床、迷宮和繩網(wǎng)等錯落地安置在木樁森林中，形成了帶狀的游戲空間。木桿都按照網(wǎng)格排列，形成了有趣的透視效果：站在兩列木桿的中央向上眺望，如同看到過往深埋在腳下的礦井隧道。

2 節(jié)點平面圖Plandrawing zoom in

多面體游戲場地

一塊楔形場地鑲嵌在木樁森林的中部，形成了多面變化的游樂場地。場地的表面順著山坡起伏，隨之產(chǎn)生的變幻光影在遠處也清晰可見。場地表面寬窄不一，越在高處越狹窄，而在山腳，場地則成為與木樁交織的碎片。起伏的景觀空間與穿插其中的爬行隧道、攀爬墻提供了多樣化的游戲方式。其中最引人注意的就是在半山腰上穿插于游樂場地中長達20m的巨大滑梯。孩子們在不同的游戲場地中玩耍、 攀爬、滑落、躲藏和探索。埋藏在斜坡下的隧道縱橫交錯，仿佛是過去錯綜復(fù)雜的礦井的重現(xiàn)。

無論在木樁森林還是多面體游戲場地中，所有的游樂設(shè)施都有一個共同點：它們都在不停挑戰(zhàn)孩子們、促使他們改進他們同他人協(xié)作，并改善自己的運動技巧。隨著空間高度的不斷上升，游戲的難度也在逐漸增加，爬得越高遇到的困難越大，孩子們只有相互合作、相互鼓勵，才能一直攀爬到頂峰。這種在游戲中學(xué)習(xí)合作以及鼓勵機制的靈感來源于過去煤礦工人的工作經(jīng)驗，他們只有無條件地相信對方才有可能在井下完成繁重的體力工作。

煤礦廣場

在60m高的煤渣山頂之上，煤礦廣場串聯(lián)起過去與現(xiàn)在。廣場地面的黑色碎石意指煤礦為“黑色黃金”。廣場微微下沉，為其中人們擋住了山頂?shù)拇箫L(fēng)。站在廣場的中央，周遭環(huán)境全被擋住，視野里將只剩下天上的云朵。煤礦廣場傾斜的邊緣墻壁上鑲嵌著煤礦歷史資料以及周邊礦區(qū)景觀的介紹，人們可以在此坐下休息，也可以順著抬高場地邊緣環(huán)行一周，俯瞰林堡礦區(qū)中的壯美景色。

樹樁森林、多面體游戲場地與煤礦廣場成為了安托亞集團(Antea)擬定的冒險山總體規(guī)劃有力補充。這些游戲場地也推動了弗蘭德斯地區(qū)最大的工業(yè)遺址向休閑旅游目的地的歷史轉(zhuǎn)變。2016年9月6號，貝靈恩礦區(qū)冒險山游樂場盛大開幕。

(編輯／吳曉彤)

設(shè)計團隊：奧黑明設(shè)計事務(wù)所(盧克·威雷斯，馬騰·莫爾斯，皮特·斯維戈道，艾達·巴布，湯姆·畢耶特)卡韋事務(wù)所(埃爾赫·比利茨，馬克·凡·德·英格，賈斯珀·凡·德·沙夫，漢娜·舒伯特，約翰內(nèi)斯·穆勒，克萊門特·蓋)

設(shè)計時間：2015年1月

建成時間：2016年12月

總體規(guī)劃：安托亞集團

主施工方：科林克思工程公司

副施工方：凡·福利特公司，伊瑞卡公司

面積：10 060m2(包括5 200m2樹干森林，1 200m2多面體游戲場，1 200m2煤炭廣場)

網(wǎng)址：www.omgeving.be, www.carve.nl

攝影：貝努瓦·姆茲，馬琳·貝克(卡韋設(shè)計事務(wù)所)，漢娜·舒伯特(卡韋設(shè)計事務(wù)所)

翻譯：宋怡

校對：唐彧瑋，張博雅

4 工業(yè)場地將成為一個具有文化意義的熱門場所The industrial site will be redeveloped to a cultural hotspot

5 滑梯與凹凸的混凝土表面完整接合The slide is integrated within the relief of the concrete play surface

6 混凝土滑梯經(jīng)過了打磨、拋光處理The slide is made of polished concrete

7 大型、多面起伏的游樂場地鑲嵌在樹干森林中間Wedged in between the pole forest lies a large, multifaceted play surface

The team of Carve and Omgeving (design) and Krinkels (contractor) won the international competition to design an adventurous play-scape and landmark on a 'terril' in Beringen, Belgium, in January 2015. The adventure mountain is part of the touristic, recreative project be-MINE, that aims to breathe new life into the monumental coalmining site in Beringen, the largest industrialarcheological site in Flanders. The former mining city asked to add new function to the 60 meter high rubble mountain, and to redevelop the old industrial buildings into a cultural hotspot where its history can be experienced in a playful way.

The spectacular scale of this site - regarding both the height of the terril as well as its industrial heritage - is unique in the relatively flat surrounding landscape of Limburgian-Flanders. The intervention is a landmark on a large scale, but through its playable character it also reflects the small scale of a child. The values of the industrial heritage have been a continuous leading theme in the design process that resulted in an unprecedented playscape. The mining 'terril' has been given a new meaning, rooted in both the past and the future.

The design consists of three parts, that create a unity with the mountain and its past: a pole forest as a landmark, an adventurous prismatic play surface on the flank of the mountain and a coal square on the top of the 'terril'. The spine of the ensemble is a straight stairs that provides access to all levels. At night, a light line along the stairs makes the topography of the terril visible.

8 多面體場地包括各種環(huán)繞的爬行路線和攀爬面The tectonic play scape contains various routes with crawling tunnels and climbing surfaces

9 爬行通道使人們想起地底的礦井The crawling tunnels refer to the underground mining shafts

Pole Forest as Reference to the Mining Past

The topography of the landscape has regained structure and is made visible by a pole forest: 1 600 timber poles are anchored in the northern flank of the terril, from top to bottom. The rounded poles refer to the mining past; they were used for supporting the kilometres long underground mining shafts. It is a strong spatial gesture and an intervention that relates to the scale of the hill and the industrial heritage on this location.

A part between the poles has been dedicated to an adventurous play course with balancing beams, climbing nets, hammocks, a labyrinth and a rope course. The poles are placed in a grid, which results in an interesting perspective effect: the sightlines create an experience that reminds of the dark mining shafts of the past.

Prismatic Play Surface

Wedged in between the pole forest lies a large, prismatically shaped play surface. It has been 'draped' over the terril, following its heightlines -a gesture that is visible from afar. The surface is a challenging object, that narrows down to the top and 'crumbles' at the foot of the hill. This tectonic landscape offers space to an endless variation of play options, and is scattered with crawling tunnels, climbing surfaces with climbing grips and 'giant stairs'. Its spectacular highlight is the more than twenty meters long slide, which is placed halfway up the hill and is integrated within the relief of the concrete play surface. The various prismatic surfaces invite children to climb, slide, hide and discover. The surface consists of sloped, horizontal and vertical crossings, inspired by the undergroundmining shafts.

All integrated playelements in both the pole forest and the prismatic playsurface have one thing in common: they challenge children physically, to play together and use their motor skills. The sensation of an increasing height and difficulty level of the 'parcours' - the higher you climb, the more difficult it gets - asks for collaboration and mutual encouragement, until one reaches the top. Cooperation and stimulation are therefore intrinsically connected with the play experience, as an immaterial reference to the hard physical work of the old mine-workers, who had to trust one another unconditionally.

10 游戲場地容納攀爬、滑落、躲藏和探索等活動功能The play surface consists of steep, playable slopes and horizontal and vertical crossings

11 巨大的臺階強化了高度上升的壓迫感The giant steps intensify the sensation of the increasing height

12 1 600根木桿整齊排列，從頂端到底部覆蓋著整個山體的北坡1 600 timber poles are anchored in the northern flank of the terril, from top to bottom

Coal Square

On top of the terril, at sixty meter height, a 'Coal Square' was created that reflects both the past as the present character of the terril. The square is sunken and visualises the presence of the 'black gold'. Its sunken position provides shelter from the strong winds at the top of the hill. In the middle of the square the horizon will not be visible anymore, directing full attention to the clouds above. The sloped edges of the Coal Square can be used for seating and contain historic information on the site and the surrounding mining landscape. Visitors can take a stroll on the raised talud and enjoy the panoramic views on the surrounding Limburg mining landscape.

Together, the pole forest, the prismatic play surface and the Coal Square create a unique addition to the Masterplan Adventure Mountain, drawn by Antea Group, and are a valuable contribution to the transition of Flanders' largest industrial heritage towards a touristic, recreative project. On the 9th of September 2016 the Adventure Mountain was festively inaugurated.

13礦區(qū)冒險山是大尺度的地標(biāo)性景觀元素，同時作為游樂設(shè)施，設(shè)計著重關(guān)注孩子作為使用者的小尺度體驗Be-MINE is a landmark on a large scale, but through its playable character it also reflects the small scale of a child

Design team: Carve( Elger Blitz, Mark van de Eng, Jasper van de Schaaf, Hannah Schubert, Johannes Müller, Clément Gay)

Omgeving( Luc Wallays, Maarten Moers, Peter Swyngedauw, Ada Barbu, Tom Beyaert)

Time of design: January 2015

Time of completion: September 2016

Masterplan Avonturenberg: Antea Group

Main contractor: Krinkels

Sub contractors: Van Vliet BV, IJreka BV

Size: 10 060 m2(of which 5 200m2rope forest, 1 200m2prismatic play surface, 1 200m2coal square)

Websites: www.omgeving.be, www.carve.nl

Photography: Benoit Meeus, Marleen Beek(Carve), Hannah Schubert(Carve)

Translator: SONG Yi

Proofreader: TANG Yu-wei, ZHANG Bo-ya

Play Landscape be-MINE, Beringen (BE)

Carve Landscape Architecture, Omgeving Landscape Architecture Urbanism