長(zhǎng)期遞增負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)大鼠股骨OPG和RANKL蛋白表達(dá)的影響

王孝強(qiáng)+鄭陸+王培林+李荀

摘 要：目的：觀察長(zhǎng)期遞增負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)大鼠股骨OPG、RANKL蛋白表達(dá)以及BMD的影響效應(yīng)。方法：130只3月齡SD雌性大鼠，適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練后隨機(jī)分為運(yùn)動(dòng)組和對(duì)照組。運(yùn)動(dòng)組分別進(jìn)行為期4、9、11、13、15、17 W的遞增負(fù)荷跑臺(tái)運(yùn)動(dòng)（E4、E9、E11、E13、E15、E17），并設(shè)立同期對(duì)照組（C4、C9、C11、C13、C15、C17）和基礎(chǔ)對(duì)照組（BC），每組10只。于末次運(yùn)動(dòng)后12～24 h，以DXA測(cè)定大鼠全身BMD，用Western Blot方法測(cè)定股骨OPG和RANKL的蛋白表達(dá)。結(jié)果：在17 W遞增負(fù)荷跑臺(tái)運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中，運(yùn)動(dòng)組大鼠OPG表達(dá)及OPG/RANKL比值呈現(xiàn)先升高趨勢(shì)，于第9 W達(dá)到峰值，隨后呈下降的趨勢(shì)，于17 W降至最低（E17 vs. C17， P<0.05， ES=2.66；P<0.05， ES=2.65）。運(yùn)動(dòng)組可溶性RANKL（sRANKL）、膜結(jié)合型RANKL（mRANKL）及總RANKL表達(dá)呈現(xiàn)先下降趨勢(shì)，于第9 W或11 W時(shí)降至最低，隨后呈逐漸升高的趨勢(shì)。在17 W運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中，運(yùn)動(dòng)組大鼠全身BMD先表現(xiàn)為增加趨勢(shì)，于第9W達(dá)到峰值（E9 vs. C9， P<0.05， ES=0.85），隨后呈下降趨勢(shì)，于17 W降至最低（E17 vs. C17， P<0.01， 效果量=1.49）。結(jié)論：長(zhǎng)期遞增負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中，前9 W適量運(yùn)動(dòng)可上調(diào)OPG表達(dá)、下調(diào)RANKL表達(dá)，抑制骨吸收，促進(jìn)BMD增加；后期過(guò)量運(yùn)動(dòng)則抑制OPG表達(dá)、促進(jìn)RANKL表達(dá)，骨吸收作用增強(qiáng)，導(dǎo)致BMD下降。

關(guān)鍵詞：長(zhǎng)期遞增負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)；OPG；RANKL；骨密度

中圖分類號(hào)：G804.7 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1006-2076（2017）02-0073-07

Abstract：Objective： To determine the effects of long-term treadmill running with progressive increasing load on OPG and RANKL expression of femur and the whole bone mineral density in rats. Methods： 3-month-old female SD rats were randomly divided into control groups and exercise groups， each group having 10 rats. Exercise groups respectively received 4， 9， 11， 13， 15， 17 weeks progressive increasing load training on treadmill （E4， E9， E11， E13， E15， E17）， and meanwhile， corresponding control groups （C4， C9， C11， C13， C15， C17） and basic control group （BC） were set. The whole bone mineral density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry， whereas the OPG and RANKL expression of femur were measured by Western Blot. Results： During 17 weeks treadmill training period， the OPG protein expression and OPG/RANKL ratio gradually increased， peaked at the 9th week， and then decreased， reached the lowest at the17th week （E17 vs. C17， P<0.05， ES=2.66； P<0.05， ES =2.65）. The sRANKL， mRANKL and total RANKL of the exercise groups' expression gradually decreased， reached the lowest at the 9th or 11th weeks， and then increased. The whole BMD in exercise group gradually increased， peaked at the 9th week （E9 vs. C9， P<0.05， ES=0.85）， and then decreased， reached the lowest at the 17th week （E17 vs. C17， P<0.01， ES=1.49）. Conclusion： During long-term progressive increasing load exercise， the first 9 weeks at moderate exercise load upregulated OPG expression and deregulated RANKL expression， resulting in BMD enhancement； the last 9 weeks at high exercise load deregulated OPG expression and upregulated RANKL expression， resulting in BMD decrement.

Key words： long-term progressive increasing load exercise； OPG； RANKL； bone mineral density