肖立平,鄧俊國(guó),何 方
·中醫(yī)·中西醫(yī)結(jié)合·
經(jīng)鼻持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療心力衰竭并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征的臨床療效觀察
肖立平,鄧俊國(guó),何 方
目的 觀察經(jīng)鼻持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣(CPAP)聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療心力衰竭并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征(OSAHS)患者的臨床療效。方法 選取秦皇島市第二醫(yī)院2014—2015年收治的心力衰竭并OSAHS患者131例,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為A組41例、B組46例、C組44例。3組患者入院后均給予常規(guī)治療,A組患者在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上給予經(jīng)鼻CPAP治療3個(gè)月,B組患者在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上給予心脈隆注射液治療10 d,C組患者在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上給予經(jīng)鼻CPAP治療3個(gè)月聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療10 d。比較3組患者治療前后通氣功能指標(biāo)〔睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù)(AHI)、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間及最低血氧飽和度(SaO2)〕、心功能指標(biāo)〔氨基末端B型腦鈉肽前體(NT-proBNP)、左心室射血分?jǐn)?shù)(LVEF)、左心室收縮末期內(nèi)徑(LVESD)及左心室舒張末期內(nèi)徑(LVEDD)〕、腎素-血管緊張素-醛固酮系統(tǒng)(RAAS)活性指標(biāo)〔腎素活性(PRA)及血漿血管緊張素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、醛固酮(ALD)水平〕及治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 治療前3組患者AHI、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間、最低SaO2比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療后A組和C組患者AHI低于B組,最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間短于B組,最低SaO2高于B組(P<0.05);C組患者AHI低于A組,最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間短于A組(P<0.05),而A組與C組患者最低SaO2比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療前3組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療后B組和C組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVESD、LVEDD低于A組,LVEF高于A組(P<0.05);C組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVEDD低于B組,LVEF高于B組(P<0.05),而B(niǎo)組與C組患者LVESD比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療前3組患者血漿PRA、AngⅡ、ALD水平比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);治療后A組和C組患者血漿PRA、AngⅡ、ALD水平低于B組(P<0.05),C組患者血漿PRA、AngⅡ、ALD水平低于A組(P<0.05)。3組患者治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液可有效改善心力衰竭并OSAHS患者通氣功能和心功能,降低血漿NT-proBNP水平并抑制RAAS活性,且安全性較高。
心力衰竭;睡眠呼吸暫停,阻塞性;連續(xù)氣道正壓通氣;心脈隆注射液;治療結(jié)果
肖立平,鄧俊國(guó),何方.經(jīng)鼻持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療心力衰竭并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征的臨床療效觀察[J].實(shí)用心腦肺血管病雜志,2016,24(11):71-75.[www.syxnf.net]
XIAO L P,DENG J G,HE F.Clinical effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation combined with xinmailong injection in treating heart failure patients complicated with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome[J].Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease,2016,24(11):71-75.
心力衰竭是一種常見(jiàn)的臨床綜合征,主要發(fā)病機(jī)制為各種心臟疾病導(dǎo)致心肌收縮力下降、心輸出量減少而無(wú)法滿足機(jī)體代謝需求,是心肌神經(jīng)、體液調(diào)節(jié)失衡綜合作用的結(jié)果[1]。中醫(yī)學(xué)理論認(rèn)為,心力衰竭患者常為氣陽(yáng)兩虛、瘀血內(nèi)阻,而心脈隆注射液可通陽(yáng)利水、益氣活血,能夠改善患者心功能并抑制心室重構(gòu),近年來(lái)其用于治療心力衰竭的研究報(bào)道較多[2-3]。
心力衰竭患者常伴有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征(OSAHS),主要表現(xiàn)為睡眠時(shí)突發(fā)短暫窒息而導(dǎo)致微覺(jué)醒、間斷低氧和白天嗜睡,可導(dǎo)致患者生活質(zhì)量下降,OSAHS長(zhǎng)期存在還可能引發(fā)其他心血管疾病,因此有學(xué)者認(rèn)為OSAHS是心血管疾病的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素[4]。研究表明,持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣(CPAP)治療中重度OSAHS的療效確切,其可在患者睡眠時(shí)支撐上呼吸道以糾正和預(yù)防低氧血癥及其引發(fā)的一系列病理生理變化[5]。本研究旨在觀察經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療心力衰竭并OSAHS的臨床療效,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1.1 納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
1.1.1 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (1)符合Framingham標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中心力衰竭的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[6]:主要診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①端坐呼吸或陣發(fā)性夜間呼吸困難;②肺部啰音;③頸靜脈怒張;④急性肺水腫;⑤心臟擴(kuò)大;⑥頸靜脈壓增高>16 cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa),循環(huán)時(shí)間>25 s;⑦第三心音呈奔馬律;⑧肝-頸靜脈反流征陽(yáng)性。次要診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①夜間咳嗽;②踝部水腫;③活動(dòng)后呼吸困難;④肝腫大;⑤胸腔積液;⑥肺活量降至最大肺活量的1/3;⑦心率≥120次/min;⑧治療5 d后體質(zhì)量減輕>4.5 kg。具備1個(gè)主要診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和2個(gè)次要診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或2個(gè)主要診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)即可診斷為心力衰竭。(2)美國(guó)紐約心臟病學(xué)會(huì)(NYHA)心功能分級(jí)Ⅱ~Ⅳ級(jí)。(3)經(jīng)多導(dǎo)睡眠圖(PSG)監(jiān)測(cè)證實(shí)存在中度或重度OSAHS,OSAHS診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照2007年美國(guó)睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)制定的“睡眠及呼吸相關(guān)事件判讀手冊(cè)”,即呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù)(AHI)>30次/d或AHI>5次/h。以AHI為21~40次/h,夜間最低血氧飽和度(SaO2)介于80%~84%為中度OSAHS;AHI>40次/h,夜間最低SaO2<80%為重度OSAHS。(4)年齡40~80歲。(5)患者及其家屬知情同意并簽署知情同意書(shū)。
1.1.2 排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (1)合并急性心肌梗死、快速性心律失常、先天性心臟病、原發(fā)性肺動(dòng)脈高壓等可能影響研究結(jié)果的疾病患者;(2)合并中樞性睡眠呼吸暫停綜合征、上氣道阻力綜合征、單純性鼾癥、發(fā)作性睡病、肥胖低通氣綜合征、不安腿綜合征及睡眠中周期性腿動(dòng)患者;(3)需手術(shù)治療的OSAHS患者,如存在腎動(dòng)脈狹窄、原發(fā)性醛固酮增多癥、嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤、繼發(fā)性高血壓等患者;(4)合并慢性肺部疾病、哮喘及嚴(yán)重神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病患者;(5)合并肝、腎功能不全及胰腺炎、惡性腫瘤、結(jié)締組織疾病患者;(6)對(duì)本研究所用藥物過(guò)敏患者;(7)治療依從性差及失訪患者。
1.2 一般資料 選取秦皇島市第二醫(yī)院2014—2015年收治的心力衰竭并OSAHS患者131例,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為A組41例、B組46例、C組44例,3組患者性別、年齡、病程、基礎(chǔ)疾病、NYHA心功能分級(jí)及OSAHS嚴(yán)重程度比較,差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見(jiàn)表1),具有可比性。本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)審核批準(zhǔn)。
1.3 治療方法 3組患者入院后均給予強(qiáng)心劑、利尿劑、血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)換酶抑制劑(ACEI)、血管緊張素受體拮抗劑(ARB)等常規(guī)治療,A組患者在此基礎(chǔ)上采用自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣診療儀(澳大利亞RESMED公司生產(chǎn))行經(jīng)鼻CPAP,設(shè)定呼吸頻率為5~30次/min,壓力為4~20 cm H2O,1次/晚,6~8 h/次,連續(xù)治療3個(gè)月;B組患者在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上給予心脈隆注射液(云南騰藥制藥股份有限公司生產(chǎn),國(guó)藥準(zhǔn)字Z20060443,規(guī)格:2 ml∶100 mg)2 ml+0.9%氯化鈉溶液250 ml靜脈滴注,2次/d,連續(xù)治療10 d,注意在用藥前進(jìn)行皮膚過(guò)敏試驗(yàn)以防過(guò)敏;C組患者在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上給予經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療,治療時(shí)間與治療方法同A組、B組。待患者病情穩(wěn)定出院后仍需進(jìn)行常規(guī)治療,A組、C組患者自購(gòu)相同型號(hào)持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣診療儀繼續(xù)行經(jīng)鼻CPAP治療;由專人對(duì)患者進(jìn)行電話或門診隨訪,隨訪時(shí)間為3個(gè)月,隨訪時(shí)主要詢問(wèn)患者服藥情況及持續(xù)氣道正壓通氣診療儀使用情況,監(jiān)督患者完成治療。
1.4 觀察指標(biāo) (1)采用Embletter 9睡眠呼吸監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)(美國(guó)邦德公司生產(chǎn))監(jiān)測(cè)3組患者治療前后通氣功能指標(biāo),包括AHI、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間及最低SaO2。(2)比較3組患者治療前后心功能指標(biāo),包括氨基末端B型腦鈉肽前體(NT-proBNP)、左心室射血分?jǐn)?shù)(LVEF)、左心室收縮末期內(nèi)徑(LVESD)及左心室舒張末期內(nèi)徑(LVEDD),即分別于治療前后抽取患者空腹靜脈血2 ml,采用Triage免疫熒光快速診斷儀(美國(guó)Biosite公司生產(chǎn))檢測(cè)血漿NT-proBNP水平,采用彩色多普勒超聲顯像儀檢測(cè)LVEF、LVESD及LVEDD。(3)比較3組患者治療前后腎素-血管緊張素-醛固酮系統(tǒng)(RAAS)活性指標(biāo),包括腎素活性(PRA)及血漿血管緊張素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)及醛固酮(ALD)水平。(4)觀察3組患者治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況。
2.1 通氣功能指標(biāo) 治療前3組患者AHI、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間、最低SaO2比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療后3組患者AHI、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間、最低SaO2比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);其中A組和C組患者AHI低于B組,最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間短于B組,最低SaO2高于B組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);C組患者AHI低于A組,最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間短于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),而A組與C組患者最低SaO2比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見(jiàn)表2)。
2.2 心功能指標(biāo) 治療前3組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療后3組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);其中B組和C組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVESD、LVEDD低于A組,LVEF高于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);C組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVEDD低于B組,LVEF高于B組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),而B(niǎo)組與C組患者LVESD比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05,見(jiàn)表3)。
2.3RAAS活性指標(biāo) 治療前3組患者PRA及血漿AngⅡ、ALD水平比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。治療后3組患者PRA及血漿AngⅡ、ALD水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);其中A組和C組患者PRA及血漿AngⅡ、ALD水平低于B組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);C組患者PRA及血漿AngⅡ、ALD水平低于A組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見(jiàn)表4)。
表1 3組患者一般資料比較
注:a為F值;NYHA=美國(guó)紐約心臟病學(xué)會(huì),OSAHS=阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣綜合征
表2 3組患者治療前后通氣功能指標(biāo)比較±s)
注:與B組比較,aP<0.05;與C組比較,bP<0.05;AHI=睡眠呼吸暫停低通氣指數(shù),SaO2=血氧飽和度
表3 3組患者治療前后心功能指標(biāo)比較±s)
注:與A組比較,aP<0.05,與B組比較,bP<0.05;NT-proBNP=氨基末端B型腦鈉肽前體,LVEF=左心室射血分?jǐn)?shù),LVESD=左心室收縮末期內(nèi)徑,LVEDD=左心室舒張末期內(nèi)徑
表4 3組患者治療前后RAAS活性指標(biāo)比較±s)
注:與B組比較,aP<0.05,與C組比較,bP<0.05;PRA=腎素活性,AngⅡ=血管緊張素Ⅱ,ALD=醛固酮
2.4 不良反應(yīng) A組患者治療期間出現(xiàn)惡心、嘔吐2例,心悸1例,不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為7.3%;B組患者出現(xiàn)干咳4例,頭暈2例,不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為13.0%;C組患者出現(xiàn)惡心、嘔吐3例,一過(guò)性肝功能異常1例,不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為9.1%。3組患者治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=0.846,P=0.655)。3組患者出現(xiàn)的不良反應(yīng)均未經(jīng)特殊處理而自行好轉(zhuǎn)。
心力衰竭是一種臨床常見(jiàn)的復(fù)雜綜合征,常由心臟結(jié)構(gòu)或功能異常而導(dǎo)致心室充盈和/或射血功能受損引發(fā),是多種心臟疾病的終末期階段。OSAHS指患者在睡眠過(guò)程中因氣道狹窄或閉塞而導(dǎo)致呼吸道阻力增加,氣體進(jìn)入減少,可引發(fā)低氧血癥及高碳酸血癥[7],還可引發(fā)一系列病理生理變化[8],如心臟負(fù)荷增加、心肌代謝紊亂等。此外,OSAHS還可誘發(fā)心律失常(如竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)緩、竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)速、室性心律失常等)[9]或加重心力衰竭[10]。研究表明,心力衰竭患者常合并OSAHS,且OSAHS可導(dǎo)致接受了恰當(dāng)治療后的心力衰竭患者遠(yuǎn)期心功能損傷及不良結(jié)局[11]。
CPAP可通過(guò)在自主呼吸過(guò)程中施加壓力而防止氣道萎陷,增加功能殘氣量并改善肺順應(yīng)性,同時(shí)通過(guò)胸壁和迷走神經(jīng)的反饋?zhàn)饔枚龠M(jìn)上氣道肌群開(kāi)放,進(jìn)而保持氣道開(kāi)放,消除呼吸暫停癥狀并改善低氧血癥或高碳酸血癥,減少夜間反復(fù)覺(jué)醒次數(shù)[12]。因此,在常規(guī)藥物治療基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)合使用CPAP可有效提高心力衰竭并OSAHS患者的臨床療效。FU等[13]進(jìn)行的Meta分析結(jié)果顯示,在常規(guī)治療基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)合使用CPAP可有效降低心力衰竭患者病死率。也有研究表明,在常規(guī)藥物治療基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)合使用CPAP可有效提高慢性心力衰竭并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暫停(OSA)患者LVEF,縮短LVEDD并降低非致死性心肌梗死、死亡及卒中聯(lián)合事件發(fā)生率[14-15]。
中醫(yī)學(xué)理論認(rèn)為,心力衰竭是由于心病日久導(dǎo)致心氣虧虛、陽(yáng)氣虛衰所致,患者由于血運(yùn)無(wú)力、血瘀內(nèi)阻而出現(xiàn)心悸、氣促、咳嗽、水腫、乏力、畏寒肢冷等。心脈隆注射液是從美洲大蠊體內(nèi)提取的生物活性物質(zhì),其主要有效成分為核苷、多肽及復(fù)合氨基酸,具有通陽(yáng)利水、益氣活血功效,可改善心力衰竭患者心悸、胸悶、胸痛、氣促、水腫、口唇發(fā)紺等癥狀[6]。此外,心脈隆注射液還可促進(jìn)心肌細(xì)胞Ca2+內(nèi)流、擴(kuò)張冠狀動(dòng)脈、腎動(dòng)脈及肺毛細(xì)血管、肺動(dòng)脈,從而增加心肌收縮力、改善心肌灌注及腎血管血流量,降低肺動(dòng)脈壓、心臟前后負(fù)荷等[16-17]。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,治療后A組和C組患者AHI低于B組、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間短于B組、最低SaO2高于B組,C組患者AHI低于A組、最長(zhǎng)低通氣時(shí)間短于A組,表明經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液可有效改善心力衰竭并OSAHS患者通氣功能,減少呼吸暫停次數(shù)。
腦鈉肽(BNP)是一種由心臟分泌的循環(huán)激素,具有利鈉、利尿、擴(kuò)張血管、抑制ALD分泌及交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)活性等作用,心臟容量負(fù)荷或壓力負(fù)荷增加可導(dǎo)致心肌牽張力或室壁張力增高,進(jìn)而刺激BNP的合成及分泌,多項(xiàng)研究表明,血漿BNP水平與心力衰竭嚴(yán)重程度呈正相關(guān)[18-19],可將血漿BNP水平作為判斷心力衰竭患者預(yù)后的指標(biāo)及其危險(xiǎn)分層的依據(jù)[20]。NT-proBNP是由BNP裂解而成的無(wú)生物活性的多肽物質(zhì),檢測(cè)穩(wěn)定性較BNP好,因此臨床常用NT-proBNP代替BNP。本研究結(jié)果顯示,治療后B組和C組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVESD、LVEDD低于A組,LVEF高于A組;C組患者血漿NT-proBNP水平、LVEDD低于B組,LVEF高于B組,表明經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液可有效改善心力衰竭并OSAHS患者心功能。
目前,國(guó)內(nèi)關(guān)于CPAP對(duì)心力衰竭患者RAAS影響的研究報(bào)道較少,但RAAS在心血管疾病發(fā)生、發(fā)展過(guò)程中具有重要作用,因此臨床治療心力衰竭時(shí)??紤]使用RAAS拮抗劑,如ACEI和ARB[21]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,治療后A組和C組患者PRA及血漿AngⅡ、ALD水平低于B組,C組患者PRA及血漿AngⅡ、ALD水平低于A組,表明經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液可有效抑制心力衰竭并OSAHS患者RAAS活性。本研究結(jié)果還顯示,3組患者治療期間不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率間無(wú)明顯差異,提示經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液治療心力衰竭并OSAHS患者的安全性較高。
綜上所述,經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液可有效改善心力衰竭并OSAHS患者通氣功能和心功能,降低血漿NT-proBNP水平并抑制RAAS活性,且安全性較高,具有較高的臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。但由于心力衰竭患者存在心率變異性,而心率變異性與自主神經(jīng)功能有關(guān),本研究由于臨床條件有限而未能分析心力衰竭并OSAHS患者心率變異性指標(biāo)等,因此經(jīng)鼻CPAP聯(lián)合心脈隆注射液對(duì)心力衰竭并OSAHS患者自主神經(jīng)功能的影響仍需在今后的研究中進(jìn)一步完善。
作者貢獻(xiàn):肖立平進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施、資料收集整理、撰寫(xiě)論文、成文并對(duì)文章負(fù)責(zé);肖立平、鄧俊國(guó)、何方進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施、評(píng)估、資料收集;肖立平進(jìn)行質(zhì)量控制及審校。
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(本文編輯:李越娜)
Clinical Effect of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation Combined with Xinmailong Injection in Treating Heart Failure Patients Complicated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome
XIAO Li-ping,DENG Jun-guo,HE Fang.
The Second Hospital of Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao 066600,China
Objective To observe the clinical effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation(nCPAP)combined with xinmailong injection in treating heart failure patients complicated with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods A total of 131 heart failure patients complicated with OSAHS were selected in the Second Hospital of Qinhuangdao from 2014 to 2015,and they were divided into A group(n=41),B group(n=46)and C group(n=44)according to random number table.Patients of the three groups received conventional treatment after admission,meanwhile patients of A group received nCPAP for 3 months,patients of B group received xinmailong injection for 10 days,while patients of C group received nCPAP for 3 months and xinmailong injection for 10 days.Index of ventilation function(including AHI,the longest duration of hypopnea,the lowest SaO2),index of cardiac function(including NT-proBNP,LVEF,LVESD and LVEDD)and index of RAAS activity(including PRA,plasma levels of AngⅡ and ALD)before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment were compared among the three groups.Results No statistically significant differences of AHI,the longest duration of hypopnea or the lowest SaO2was found among the three groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,AHI of A group and C group was statistically significantly lower than that of B group,respectively,the longest duration of hypopnea of A group and C group was statistically significantly shorter than that of B group,respectively,while the lowest SaO2of A group and C group was statistically significantly higher than that of B group,respectively(P<0.05);AHI of C group was statistically significantly lower than that of A group,the longest duration of hypopnea of C group was statistically significantly shorter than that of A group(P<0.05),while no statistically significant differences of the lowest SaO2was found between A group and C group(P>0.05).No statistically significant differences of plasma NT-proBNP level,LVEF,LVESD or LVEDD was found among the three groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,plasma NT-proBNP level,LVESD and LVEDD of B group and C group were statistically significantly lower than those of A group,while LVEF of B group and C group was statistically significantly higher than that of A group,respectively(P<0.05);plasma NT-proBNP level and LVEDD of C group were statistically significantly lower than B group,LVEF of C group was statistically significantly higher than that of B group(P<0.05),while no statistically significant differences of LVESD was found between B group and C group(P>0.05).No statistically significant differences of PRA,plasma level of AngⅡ or ALD was found among the three groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,PRA,plasma levels of AngⅡ and ALD of A group and C group were statistically significantly lower than those of B group(P<0.05);PRA,plasma levels of AngⅡ and ALD of C group were statistically significantly lower than those of A group(P<0.05).No statistically significant differences of incidence of adverse reactions was found among the three groups during the treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion nCPAP combined with xinmailong injection can effectively improve the ventilation function and cardiac function of heart failure patients complicated with OSAHS,reduce the plasma NT-proBNP level and inhibit the RAAS activity,and is safe.
Heart failure;Sleep apnea,obstructive;Continuous positive airway pressure;Xinmailong injection;Treatment outcome
066600河北省秦皇島市第二醫(yī)院
R 541.6 R 563.8
B
10.3969/j.issn.1008-5971.2016.11.019
2016-07-20;
2016-10-24)