• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    My ideas On Junior English Listening Teaching

    2016-11-26 01:03向孝娥
    課程教育研究·學法教法研究 2016年23期
    關(guān)鍵詞:英語聽力外語學報

    向孝娥

    【摘要】語言的功能是和其他的人交流,聽力作為四種基本語言能力中的一種,在和人交流時顯得尤為重要,它是語言交際的基礎(chǔ)。所以在英語聽力基礎(chǔ)階段教學中,既要務(wù)必傳授聽力技巧和策略,又不可忽視聽力訓(xùn)練的持久性。在中國,初中學生的英語聽力普遍比較差,這主要是因為在老師和學生方面都存在一些問題。這篇論文主要討論了影響學生聽力的主要因素和解決這些問題的方法和策略,為學生提高英語聽力水平提出了自己的建議和措施。

    【關(guān)鍵詞】影響學生聽力的因素 聽力教學策略

    【Abstract】As we all know, the function of a language is to communicate with each other. Listening, which is one of the four basic abilities, is playing the most important role in communication. So in junior English listening teaching, not only we should focus more on techniques and strategies of listening, but also more on practicing. Most Chinese middle school students are very poor in English listening resulting from some aspect. So this paper main discuss the factors hindering the improvement of students English listening and suggest some points of teaching methods and strategies in listening class.

    【Key words】factors influencing students listening; teaching methods

    【中圖分類號】G633.41 【文獻標識碼】A 【文章編號】2095-3089(2016)23-0008-04

    1. Introduction

    As we all know, listening, speaking, reading, and writing are four basic skills in language teaching and learning, and listening is essential for developing other skills, which is not only an important skill in communication but also an important way to acquire knowledge and information. What is more, with the development of modern English teaching, more and more educators have pointed out the practical use of English is the purpose of English listening. A good listening is the precondition of learning English well and communicating well.“It is one of the important ways in English language communication. According to Rivers study indications, listening occupies 45% of the whole social interactions. From this, we can see that a good listening can help to improve students ability of language understanding. And some statistics show that nearly 50% students regard listening comprehension as the most difficult part among all kinds of examinations.”[1](2)But many learners are afraid of listening, looking on it as more difficult than any other skills and neglecting the improving of listening ability. Improving listening ability is a long time work, as we know, an important means of language.

    But in our traditional English listening teaching class, what most teachers do in class is merely to play the recorder and check answers to listening exercises. Most students could not understand what they are listening to and feel the listening class is so boring. As we all know, English plays an important part in our modern world, a good listening is a precondition of learning English well. So it is very important to find the factors that hindered the improvement of students listening ability and take some measures to solve the problems. This paper mainly discuss the problems in junior English listening teaching and suggest some measures.

    2. The factors resulting in problems of listening in junior English class.

    Listening is one of the significant skills in English language communication. But many students regard listening comprehension as the most difficult one among all kinds of examinations. Where are their barriers and what caused the problems?

    2.1 The teacher aspect

    2.1.1 Paying no attention to listening

    Because of the poor condition, especially in the countryside, some schools in China have few equipments to train students listening, teachers teach English still with a mouth, a chalk and a blackboard. On the other hand, some teachers, they themselves have problem in listening. Some even can hardly speak English fluently. They pay no attention to listening, which cause the students poor listening.

    2.1.2 Lacking training skills

    Some teachers have already known the importance of English listening, and they try to do a lot to improve students listening, but no effect. This is just because they are lack of right training skills. For example, some teachers are angry with students mistakes in English class, and they correct the mistakes all the time. Day by day, students lose their interest in English learning or complain about the teacher, some even afraid of listening. In fact, it is unnecessary for teachers to correct students mistakes continually.

    2.2 The learner aspect

    Listening comprehension is the summation of hearing and understanding. If you have a better level of English knowledge, you may be capable of understanding very well in listening to the materials, and may have an excellent response to any questions asked by the speakers on the tapes.

    2.2.1 Barriers on Phonetics and Phonology

    It is clear that “Phonetics is defined as the study of the phonetic medium of language, and Phonology studies how speech sounds system in a language form pattern.”[2](22)English, as a new language for Chinese students, usually appears some problems exactly on Phonetics and Phonology, such as the mistakes on pronunciation, intonation, and all kinds of skills like word stress, sentence stress, motion of sound, assimilation, sound-linking and incomplete explosion. Therefore some basic knowledge about English Phonetics and Phonology will directly influence students listening comprehension. So designing activities must be aimed at leting students discriminate the different pronunciation. The key point is guiding students to find the difference themselves. For example, most Chinese students find the discrimination of some sounds is a problem in listening comprehension, especially, some vowels. E.g., they can hardly distinguish the words like “sit—sea” and “bed—bad”. In a sentence like “He saw a thief steal into the palace”, steal /sti:l/ is very important in understanding the sentence, but some students just recognize it as still/stil/.

    2.2.2 Barriers on tempo

    Tempo means the speed of speaking. It can be controlled by an actor who is good at tongue twisters. Some people enjoy more variation in tempo than others, but everyone has a norm which in characteristic of his usual conversational style. Some people tends to use a rapid tempo in everyday speech in English, but Chinese students usually dont have such a tempo in listening. Although sometimes they can speak very fast, they may not catch up with the materials on normal tempo while theyre listening to a tape, especially to a longer conversation or a passage, thats their problems. Because they only used to listen to teachers who always read under the average speed in daily life, or used to speak conversations slowly with their partners while practicing oral English, thats why Chinese students can not suit the need of normal speed of listening materials or native speakers. Teachers can help students to form a good sensation. Students can train the tempo through reading, because there are many skills on it. English teachers should make efforts to teach students how to learn some knowledge about sentence stress, rhythm, sound and intonation. During in the class, or at the beginning of the class, teacher can design a game or completion about reading. The student who is the winner can give him/her a present. Through insisting on doing so, students sensation can be improved.

    2.2.3 Barriers on lexicology and grammar

    During the process of listening comprehension, listeners should not only do the exercises of sound recognition, but also learn more vocabulary. If a new word appeared while theyre listening, theyll find it difficult for them to understand the whole meaning, even some students stop to listen and think about over and over the new word they met before while the material are going on. So does the grammar. Grammar can help us to catch the implication of the vocal sounds, and understand them well, and it is also the essential condition of a whole passage comprehension. It gives us a basis for judging when the action happens, who is the operator or supporter? What is the factual evidence? Whether it is the subjunctive mood? If you dont have a solid foundation on grammar itll directly influence your achieving good results while you are listening.

    2.2.4 Barriers on listening habits

    The main purpose of listening is to understand the general idea of the materials. During the listening process, they should try to catch the major content, whichs the key point. But many Chinese students have some bad habits while listening. For example, they always try their best to get the meaning of each words, each sentences. Once they meet a new word or a difficulty sentence, they will stop to think. It is doubtless they cant catch up with the speed any more. Still some students cant directly understand materials in English, but with the help of Chinese, experienced the process of a heart translation. These bad habits are the main factors influencing their listening comprehension. In fact, it is unnecessary to know every word, every sentence, only should catch the main idea and grasp the major point, thats enough. If you concentrate to think, you cant catch up with the materials, and also thats why you have no time to attend to the main content, let alone seize the implication of it.

    Therefore, it is necessary for the teacher to point out the bad habits and then help the students form good habits. Here are some bad listening habits on listening, which are paraphrased below.

    (1)A poor listener will turn off his or her ears as soon as he or she decides a listening task is going to be dull.

    (2)A poor listener listens to only facts and ignores the ideas, the general picture.

    (3)A poor listener will fix his or her eyes on the teacher or blackboard, then relax, or Do some thing else, expecting to get the information out of the tape scripts later.

    (4)A poor listener will use very little distraction—footsteps, a door opening or closing, a cough, a dropped book—as an excuse to stop listening to the recording or the teacher.[3](1-2)

    2.2.5 Barriers on cultural background

    Language is a kind of cultural expression. It is necessary for students to know some background about the English-speaking countries, such as the history, culture, customs and habits, even life styles. Many students lack knowledge about that, so they are always making mistakes about them. For example, if teachers give two pieces of passage for Chinese students to listen, one passage is about Spring Festival, the other is about Thanksgiving Day. You will find the students can understand the former much better, because Spring Festival is the traditional festival in China, everybody knows it very well, thats helpful for their understanding, however the latter about the Thanksgiving Day, students know little about it, it is not easy for them to understand, even very difficult for them to answer some questions about it. Listeners should base on their background knowledge about the topic.

    3. Designing effective classroom activities can solve the problems

    3.1 Pre-listening activities

    3.1.1 Students in pre-listening activities

    Research points out that listening activity in general should consist of a pre-listening phase, which should make the context for listening explicit, clarify the purposes listening, and establish goals, procedures and roles for listening. So a pre-listening activity can involve listeners in the following ways:

    (1)By posing the tasks before the students listen to the topic, they are given a purpose for listening, which forces them to focus on selected information.

    (2)The listener brings an orientation to a listening event. By opening up the topic, it arouses certain expectations and mentally prepares the students for the topic, it may also activate latest knowledge of vocabulary associated with the topic.

    (3)Activating learners scripts and tuning in their prior knowledge about the topic helps to relate their background knowledge to the topic to be heard, thus enhancing the comprehension and interpretation of the received message.

    (4)By brainstorming what they know about the topic before listening, learners will be able to compare what they know with what they are going to hear, and listen selectively.[4](10)

    3.1.2 Teacher in pre-listening activities

    Before having the class, teachers must choose and analysis the materials. “Teacher need to listen the tape all the way through. That way, they will be prepared for any problems, noises, accents etc. That way they can judge whether students will be able to cope with the tape and the tasks that go with it.”[5](100) By doing so, the teacher will know the length of the materials, the difficult points and the focus of the materials, so the teacher can decide in advance how to go on with the teaching in class. Of course, it is a demand for teachers if all other courses. But some teachers do believe that they can teach listening course without any preparation so long as they have the tapes and reference books. So some researchers would like to emphasize the importance of preparations for a class: it is the basic need and also a basic insurance of an effective listening teaching. And the role of analyst, which means that teachers should analyze the functional patterns of the language used in the listening materials that students are to hear. The functions of a language can be simply divided into two patterns: the communication of emotion and the conveying of information. Communication of emotion means that the purpose of using a language is mainly for the establishment of harmonious relationship among the participants of social interaction. (admin)

    3.1.3 The activities of pre-listening

    3.1.3.1 Prediction.

    Research on speech processing and interpretation suggests that the listeners ability to make intelligent guesses about what will come next plays a crucial role in their understanding of speech, and prediction is regarded by many researchers as on of the most powerful factors in comprehension. Therefore, a good listener is a good predictor. “By helping our students become better predictors, we are helping them become better listeners.”[6](86)

    Prediction also involves asking questions and answering them. According to Fisher and Terry active comprehension is process of generating questions while reading and searching for answers to them. Questioning helps to establish the purpose and causes the listener to interact with the speech, confirming or rejecting expectations.

    “Penny Ur summarizes five types of cues that listeners depend on for making predictions about continuation of an utterance:

    (1)The stock formula of the language, such as clichés, idioms, quotations and proverbs.

    (2)Stress on a particular word in the first part of an utterance is often explained or clarified by a comment in the second.

    (3)The logical relationship between the first part of an utterance and the second is often signaled by a conjunction.

    (4)There is construction where the speaker proclaims in advance the kind of thing he is going to say.

    (5)Rhetorical questions or bold, brief statements, particularly in the negative, are often followed by answers or amplification in the form of reasons, examples or explanations.”[7](11)

    3.1.3.2 Setting the scene

    Another type of pre-listening activity is to set the scene for the students, for example: picture, video, TV etc. Listening to passages in the classroom can be more difficult than listening in real life, because of the lack of context. So the teacher can help provide the background information to activate learners schema or illustrate the picture to help students to understand the main idea, so they will be better prepared to understand what they hear.

    3.1.3.3 Listening for the gist

    This type of the pre-listening activity is listening for the gist. It is very important to give students practice in this area, because in real life, they can not listen to the materials several times. Therefore, it will be impossible for them to catch all the information, so they need to be fit with some ambiguity in listening and realize that they can still learn even when they do not understand every word. Listening for the gist is familiar with skimming a passage in reading. The key point lays in let students some questions that focus on the main idea or the tone or the mood of the passage. Find whether students can answer the questions even though they can not understand each word or phrase in the passage.

    3.1.3.4 Listening for specific information

    There are situations in real life where they listen only for some specific details and ignore the rest of the entire message. For example, when they listen to the weather report on TV, they are only interested in the temperature in the city where they live or where we plan to go on the holiday, or when they are sitting in a train station or an air port, they do not listen to the details of all the announcements. It is important to expose our students to a variety of type of listening texts for a variety of purpose so that they will develop a variety of listening strategies to use for different situations.

    3.2 While-listening activity

    This stage is the most difficult for the teacher to control, because this is where a student should pay attention and get the information actively. However, if the teacher can provide a reason, goal, or task for the learner, this should encourage and help students to focus their attention.

    In daily class, students must use all aspects of personal listening ability. At the beginning of this article, we have discussed the problems on students listening ability.

    According to these problems, we must train the comprehensive listening ability in daily time.

    Following are some special training

    3.2.1 Listen and tick

    A large part of what makes a listening task easy or difficult is what the teacher asks the students to do with the materials. If what students all need to do just is tick as they hear them, the task will be much easier. What you need to tick, you can hear them clearly. Because it is quite easy, ticking is very fit for the students who are in grade 7. It can encourage them to listen to the dialogue or passage carefully.

    3.2.2 Listen and act

    These activities relate to a method of teaching called Total Physical Response, which concentrates on learning language by listening and responding physical to commands or directions. Here is an example:

    “Beginning TPR

    Procedure:

    (1)Have two students positioned to two chairs.

    Commands supporting vocabulary:

    stand up fast slowly

    sit down table chair

    walk head stomach

    stop door blackboard

    turn around

    touch

    (2)Pick two other students and add more vocabulary that are in the classroom—such as book, pencil, paper, desk, floor, teacher—and add to the commands put, place, scratch.

    (3)Use the following type of commands repeatedly in random order, rotating pairs of students from time to time, until you can see that all the students clearly understand what these commands and actions mean.

    For example:

    Put the pencil on the book.

    Scratch your head.

    Scratch your stomach.

    Put the paper in the box.

    Put your hand on your head.

    Place the box on the teachers head.

    Scratch your head and stomach. ”[8](11)

    3.2.3 Listen and draw

    This is similar to acting out physically, but in this type, the students are drawing picture, diagrams on paper. “This type of activity works very well as an information gap activity between pairs of students.”[9](90) For example: one student draws a simple picture and then tells his/her partner how to draw it in English.Neither partner can look at each others drawing during the task. After they have completed the task, they can compare their pictures to see how similar they are.

    “Introduce the word draw. This opens up a rich network of things you can ask your students to do. Start very simply with the familiar items that the students have already internalized through TPR.

    For example:

    Draw a table.

    Draw a chair.

    Draw a hand.

    Draw a box.

    Draw a hand on a door.

    Draw a window and a hand and book.”[10](11)

    3.3 post-listening activity

    Post-listening, teachers can determine how well the students have understood what they listened to, but it is important to design the tasks well. “One important point to keep in mind is whether we are testing the students listening comprehension or their memory. In fact, in real life, listener can remember the gist of the conversation, but cannot remember exactly what words were said. It is more natural to select and interpret what we hear rather than repeat everything we have heard.”[11](187) .Here are some types of post-listening activity: multiple choice questions, answering questions, note-taking, gap-filling and dictogloss.

    “It is important to remember when designing activities not to demand that students remember more details the native-speaker would in a real life, because we do not want our students to get into the habit of thinking that they need to understand and remember.”[12]( 117)

    4.Conclusion

    In short, when we train students listening, we should have a good grasp of listening teaching characteristics on junior English, design training problems according to students actual situation and change training problems in time if the situation change. In this way, students listening ability can be improved gradually. In the training process, we should pay attention to the flowing points: (1)English teaching is an organic system, we should make listening, speaking, reading and writing together to form a interdependent teaching system in order to improve students language ability.

    (2)The improvement of listening ability is a gradual process. If a junior English teacher can have a good grasp of these characteristics, the students listening can be improved greatly.

    Bibliography:

    [1]Ren Xiaoping. Listening Barriers Among Chinese Students And Training Tactics[J].延安教育學院學報,2001.

    [2]戴煒凍 A New Concise Course on Linguistics for Students of English [Z].上海: 上海外語教育出版社,2002.

    [3]Liu Yangchun. How to increase students listening comprehension [J].開封教育學院學報,1996.10.

    [4]Zhao Jianqun. Introducing an interactive component into listening instruction[J].曲靖師專學報,1993.3.

    [5]Jeremy Harmer. How to teach English [M].北京:外語教學與研究出版社,2000.8.

    [6]王薔.A course in English language teaching [Z].上海:高等教育出版社,2002.5.

    [7]同2.

    [8]同 1.

    [9]同8.

    [10]同1.

    [11]朱純.外語教育心理學 [Z].上海:上海外語教育出版,1998.3.

    [12]王篤勤.英語教學策略論 [Z].北京:外語教學與研究出版社,2000.8.

    猜你喜歡
    英語聽力外語學報
    趣味英語聽力 How to Live a Greener Life
    趣味英語聽力:How to Live a Greener Life
    趣味英語聽力Smart Home Devices◎
    趣味英語聽力:Top 7 Most Common Types of Bread
    致敬學報40年
    外語教育:“高大上”+“接地氣”
    學報簡介
    學報簡介
    《深空探測學報》
    欧美日本亚洲视频在线播放| 精品乱码久久久久久99久播| 校园人妻丝袜中文字幕| 国产精品美女特级片免费视频播放器| 欧美潮喷喷水| 12—13女人毛片做爰片一| 色综合亚洲欧美另类图片| 日韩欧美免费精品| 久久精品国产亚洲网站| 天堂av国产一区二区熟女人妻| 日本成人三级电影网站| 最新中文字幕久久久久| 中亚洲国语对白在线视频| 91麻豆av在线| 亚洲最大成人手机在线| 国产又黄又爽又无遮挡在线| 精品一区二区三区视频在线观看免费| 国产精品久久久久久精品电影| 亚洲av第一区精品v没综合| 国产视频内射| 老司机深夜福利视频在线观看| 亚洲精品亚洲一区二区| 麻豆国产97在线/欧美| 午夜老司机福利剧场| 亚洲人成网站在线播| 免费看光身美女| 中文字幕av成人在线电影| 长腿黑丝高跟| 人妻少妇偷人精品九色| 18+在线观看网站| 亚洲专区中文字幕在线| 深爱激情五月婷婷| 99久国产av精品| 亚洲无线观看免费| 欧美bdsm另类| 一区二区三区免费毛片| 观看免费一级毛片| 亚洲精品一卡2卡三卡4卡5卡| 搡老岳熟女国产| 国内毛片毛片毛片毛片毛片| 最新在线观看一区二区三区| 亚洲欧美日韩东京热| 日本与韩国留学比较| 狂野欧美激情性xxxx在线观看| 久99久视频精品免费| 大又大粗又爽又黄少妇毛片口| 永久网站在线| 免费高清视频大片| 免费观看的影片在线观看| 99久久成人亚洲精品观看| 亚洲av二区三区四区| 午夜a级毛片| av视频在线观看入口| 国产精品久久久久久久久免| 欧美人与善性xxx| 国产男靠女视频免费网站| 亚洲熟妇熟女久久| 午夜精品久久久久久毛片777| 淫妇啪啪啪对白视频| 全区人妻精品视频| 精品乱码久久久久久99久播| 桃红色精品国产亚洲av| 日韩大尺度精品在线看网址| 国产三级中文精品| 天美传媒精品一区二区| 亚洲国产精品久久男人天堂| 亚洲电影在线观看av| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 18禁裸乳无遮挡免费网站照片| 在线播放国产精品三级| 悠悠久久av| 精品久久国产蜜桃| 桃色一区二区三区在线观看| 看免费成人av毛片| 日日撸夜夜添| 18禁裸乳无遮挡免费网站照片| 国产 一区 欧美 日韩| 全区人妻精品视频| 91久久精品国产一区二区三区| 无人区码免费观看不卡| 欧美激情国产日韩精品一区| 久久这里只有精品中国| 日韩亚洲欧美综合| 大又大粗又爽又黄少妇毛片口| 精品不卡国产一区二区三区| 99国产极品粉嫩在线观看| 男人舔奶头视频| eeuss影院久久| 亚洲国产欧洲综合997久久,| 欧美zozozo另类| 精品日产1卡2卡| 欧美激情久久久久久爽电影| 精品乱码久久久久久99久播| 免费在线观看成人毛片| 亚洲无线观看免费| av国产免费在线观看| 欧美成人性av电影在线观看| 久久人妻av系列| 三级国产精品欧美在线观看| 国产一区二区三区在线臀色熟女| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办 | 日韩欧美国产一区二区入口| 久久精品影院6| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 国内揄拍国产精品人妻在线| 给我免费播放毛片高清在线观看| 禁无遮挡网站| 可以在线观看毛片的网站| 大型黄色视频在线免费观看| 午夜亚洲福利在线播放| 久久久久精品国产欧美久久久| 亚洲成人免费电影在线观看| 久久久久久大精品| 午夜福利成人在线免费观看| 久久精品91蜜桃| 午夜福利高清视频| 噜噜噜噜噜久久久久久91| 国产中年淑女户外野战色| 在线国产一区二区在线| 欧美日韩精品成人综合77777| 狠狠狠狠99中文字幕| 中文字幕免费在线视频6| 国产黄片美女视频| 男女边吃奶边做爰视频| 亚洲精品456在线播放app | 久久久久久久精品吃奶| 又黄又爽又刺激的免费视频.| 亚洲第一区二区三区不卡| 成年女人永久免费观看视频| 亚洲av不卡在线观看| 亚洲性久久影院| 午夜免费成人在线视频| 最近中文字幕高清免费大全6 | 亚洲精品一区av在线观看| 亚洲av一区综合| 99热这里只有精品一区| 国产高潮美女av| 久久久久久大精品| 亚洲第一电影网av| 国产精品久久久久久亚洲av鲁大| 毛片一级片免费看久久久久 | 午夜影院日韩av| 少妇裸体淫交视频免费看高清| 老司机福利观看| 小说图片视频综合网站| 丰满乱子伦码专区| 亚洲国产精品久久男人天堂| 男女啪啪激烈高潮av片| 免费看美女性在线毛片视频| 中文在线观看免费www的网站| 婷婷精品国产亚洲av| 丰满人妻一区二区三区视频av| 精品一区二区三区视频在线| 亚洲欧美日韩东京热| 国产精品,欧美在线| 国产人妻一区二区三区在| av在线亚洲专区| 午夜a级毛片| 99久久精品国产国产毛片| 赤兔流量卡办理| 日本色播在线视频| 精品一区二区三区视频在线| 少妇高潮的动态图| 亚洲精品粉嫩美女一区| 内地一区二区视频在线| 中文字幕av成人在线电影| 日本a在线网址| 精品人妻一区二区三区麻豆 | 亚洲国产精品sss在线观看| 亚洲黑人精品在线| 可以在线观看毛片的网站| 少妇人妻一区二区三区视频| 欧美xxxx黑人xx丫x性爽| 人妻丰满熟妇av一区二区三区| 久久欧美精品欧美久久欧美| 日韩高清综合在线| 成人永久免费在线观看视频| 日韩精品有码人妻一区| 18禁黄网站禁片午夜丰满| 韩国av一区二区三区四区| 精品国产三级普通话版| 久久久色成人| 亚洲国产精品合色在线| 免费高清视频大片| 内地一区二区视频在线| 国产高清视频在线播放一区| 亚洲国产精品成人综合色| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 97人妻精品一区二区三区麻豆| 少妇的逼好多水| 狂野欧美白嫩少妇大欣赏| 午夜日韩欧美国产| 亚洲乱码一区二区免费版| av视频在线观看入口| 久久久精品大字幕| av国产免费在线观看| 国内精品宾馆在线| h日本视频在线播放| 亚洲精品粉嫩美女一区| 中文字幕人妻熟人妻熟丝袜美| 国产精品综合久久久久久久免费| 女人十人毛片免费观看3o分钟| 欧美一级a爱片免费观看看| 国产av在哪里看| 中国美女看黄片| 99久久精品一区二区三区| 一级a爱片免费观看的视频| 男插女下体视频免费在线播放| 中国美白少妇内射xxxbb| 黄色女人牲交| 女人被狂操c到高潮| 日本-黄色视频高清免费观看| 嫩草影院精品99| 国产精品永久免费网站| 国产午夜精品久久久久久一区二区三区 | 村上凉子中文字幕在线| 在现免费观看毛片| 欧美不卡视频在线免费观看| 亚洲最大成人av| 一卡2卡三卡四卡精品乱码亚洲| 小说图片视频综合网站| 两个人视频免费观看高清| 亚洲三级黄色毛片| 精品久久久久久久久亚洲 | 人人妻人人澡欧美一区二区| 亚洲国产色片| 免费无遮挡裸体视频| 女生性感内裤真人,穿戴方法视频| 婷婷丁香在线五月| 日本黄色视频三级网站网址| 男女视频在线观看网站免费| 久久久久免费精品人妻一区二区| 我的女老师完整版在线观看| 欧美色欧美亚洲另类二区| 全区人妻精品视频| 免费观看人在逋| 啦啦啦观看免费观看视频高清| 在线观看av片永久免费下载| 国内毛片毛片毛片毛片毛片| 国产在线男女| 亚洲av.av天堂| 热99re8久久精品国产| 国产精品98久久久久久宅男小说| 久久久精品欧美日韩精品| 国产 一区 欧美 日韩| 深夜a级毛片| 国产淫片久久久久久久久| 成人高潮视频无遮挡免费网站| 五月玫瑰六月丁香| 欧美高清性xxxxhd video| 久久精品人妻少妇| 久久久国产成人免费| 欧美激情久久久久久爽电影| 我要搜黄色片| 真人做人爱边吃奶动态| 免费不卡的大黄色大毛片视频在线观看 | 国产真实乱freesex| 精品福利观看| 岛国在线免费视频观看| 亚洲性久久影院| 哪里可以看免费的av片| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 一进一出好大好爽视频| 日韩欧美在线二视频| 国产男靠女视频免费网站| 欧美色视频一区免费| 色综合色国产| 69人妻影院| 天堂av国产一区二区熟女人妻| 久久久久久伊人网av| 夜夜夜夜夜久久久久| 欧美日韩黄片免| 日韩av在线大香蕉| 欧美激情国产日韩精品一区| 欧美性猛交╳xxx乱大交人| 97热精品久久久久久| 国产伦精品一区二区三区四那| 久久99热这里只有精品18| 免费在线观看成人毛片| 嫩草影视91久久| 久久久久九九精品影院| 免费av不卡在线播放| 听说在线观看完整版免费高清| 亚洲三级黄色毛片| 国产免费av片在线观看野外av| 夜夜夜夜夜久久久久| 12—13女人毛片做爰片一| 中国美女看黄片| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添av毛片 | 亚洲性久久影院| 麻豆国产97在线/欧美| 乱码一卡2卡4卡精品| 国产一区二区在线观看日韩| 如何舔出高潮| 日韩欧美精品v在线| 别揉我奶头~嗯~啊~动态视频| 国产精品一区二区三区四区免费观看 | 午夜日韩欧美国产| 亚洲人成网站在线播| 国产精品久久久久久久电影| or卡值多少钱| 国产精品久久电影中文字幕| 国产精品一区二区性色av| 欧美一区二区亚洲| 最新在线观看一区二区三区| 看免费成人av毛片| 精华霜和精华液先用哪个| 亚洲最大成人手机在线| 亚洲第一区二区三区不卡| 国产精品久久视频播放| 亚洲欧美日韩东京热| av在线天堂中文字幕| 大又大粗又爽又黄少妇毛片口| 香蕉av资源在线| 老司机福利观看| 国产三级在线视频| 无人区码免费观看不卡| 91午夜精品亚洲一区二区三区 | 亚洲av五月六月丁香网| 欧美激情在线99| 尾随美女入室| 一级毛片久久久久久久久女| 欧美+日韩+精品| 久久久久久国产a免费观看| 欧美一级a爱片免费观看看| 一进一出好大好爽视频| 中文字幕人妻熟人妻熟丝袜美| avwww免费| 男人狂女人下面高潮的视频| 一级a爱片免费观看的视频| 97超级碰碰碰精品色视频在线观看| 日本免费一区二区三区高清不卡| 麻豆国产av国片精品| 一区二区三区激情视频| 成年人黄色毛片网站| 国产精品亚洲一级av第二区| 欧美激情在线99| 日韩国内少妇激情av| 免费看美女性在线毛片视频| 特级一级黄色大片| 午夜亚洲福利在线播放| 尾随美女入室| 制服丝袜大香蕉在线| av在线亚洲专区| 久久久精品欧美日韩精品| 成人精品一区二区免费| 亚洲精品粉嫩美女一区| 波多野结衣巨乳人妻| 精品久久国产蜜桃| 人人妻人人看人人澡| 国产精品三级大全| 国产激情偷乱视频一区二区| 有码 亚洲区| 精品久久久噜噜| 精品乱码久久久久久99久播| 黄色欧美视频在线观看| 亚洲一级一片aⅴ在线观看| 天堂影院成人在线观看| 亚洲精品色激情综合| 久久国产精品人妻蜜桃| 亚洲一级一片aⅴ在线观看| 一本精品99久久精品77| 国产精品国产三级国产av玫瑰| 中文字幕人妻熟人妻熟丝袜美| 日韩欧美一区二区三区在线观看| 高清在线国产一区| 97超视频在线观看视频| 黄色欧美视频在线观看| 男女边吃奶边做爰视频| netflix在线观看网站| 亚洲av日韩精品久久久久久密| 国产欧美日韩精品一区二区| a级毛片免费高清观看在线播放| 国产精品野战在线观看| 色综合站精品国产| 亚洲无线观看免费| 超碰av人人做人人爽久久| 亚洲无线观看免费| 欧美成人性av电影在线观看| 黄色日韩在线| 一本久久中文字幕| 国内精品美女久久久久久| 亚洲av免费高清在线观看| 三级国产精品欧美在线观看| 国产精品美女特级片免费视频播放器| 婷婷精品国产亚洲av在线| 99热6这里只有精品| 国产精品久久久久久亚洲av鲁大| 亚洲一区高清亚洲精品| 日韩中字成人| 亚洲第一电影网av| 精品午夜福利在线看| 国产色婷婷99| 淫秽高清视频在线观看| 亚洲成av人片在线播放无| 噜噜噜噜噜久久久久久91| 欧美日本视频| а√天堂www在线а√下载| 欧美精品啪啪一区二区三区| 国产精品久久视频播放| 国产午夜福利久久久久久| 欧美色视频一区免费| 久久久久久九九精品二区国产| 国产麻豆成人av免费视频| 国产乱人视频| 啦啦啦啦在线视频资源| 欧美bdsm另类| 最近最新中文字幕大全电影3| 亚洲自偷自拍三级| 美女被艹到高潮喷水动态| 九色成人免费人妻av| 国产激情偷乱视频一区二区| 偷拍熟女少妇极品色| 伊人久久精品亚洲午夜| 国产精品久久视频播放| 身体一侧抽搐| 免费在线观看成人毛片| eeuss影院久久| 高清在线国产一区| 久久人人爽人人爽人人片va| 亚洲中文日韩欧美视频| 国内毛片毛片毛片毛片毛片| 精品福利观看| 给我免费播放毛片高清在线观看| 91午夜精品亚洲一区二区三区 | 男女做爰动态图高潮gif福利片| 亚洲美女搞黄在线观看 | 一个人观看的视频www高清免费观看| .国产精品久久| 免费观看的影片在线观看| 99久久久亚洲精品蜜臀av| 亚洲成人久久爱视频| 免费看a级黄色片| 一级av片app| 成人国产麻豆网| 又爽又黄a免费视频| 日日撸夜夜添| 免费一级毛片在线播放高清视频| 黄色视频,在线免费观看| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区 | 国产极品精品免费视频能看的| 国产人妻一区二区三区在| 日本五十路高清| 如何舔出高潮| 国产精品国产三级国产av玫瑰| 免费在线观看日本一区| 国产精品女同一区二区软件 | 亚洲欧美日韩高清专用| 97碰自拍视频| av女优亚洲男人天堂| 嫩草影视91久久| 又爽又黄无遮挡网站| 国产高清激情床上av| 亚洲av成人精品一区久久| 欧美一区二区国产精品久久精品| 日本熟妇午夜| 国产精品久久电影中文字幕| 天堂动漫精品| 免费av观看视频| 亚洲av熟女| 在线天堂最新版资源| 乱系列少妇在线播放| 最好的美女福利视频网| 亚洲avbb在线观看| 波多野结衣高清作品| 免费av观看视频| 亚洲av熟女| 夜夜看夜夜爽夜夜摸| 成人性生交大片免费视频hd| 久久国产乱子免费精品| 国产 一区 欧美 日韩| 国产一区二区亚洲精品在线观看| 国产av麻豆久久久久久久| 制服丝袜大香蕉在线| av福利片在线观看| 国产成人aa在线观看| 国产精品无大码| 欧美高清性xxxxhd video| 五月玫瑰六月丁香| 国产午夜精品论理片| 久久亚洲真实| 老熟妇仑乱视频hdxx| 有码 亚洲区| 欧美激情国产日韩精品一区| 国产成人影院久久av| 我的老师免费观看完整版| 一级黄片播放器| 在线观看一区二区三区| 啦啦啦观看免费观看视频高清| 俄罗斯特黄特色一大片| 亚洲专区国产一区二区| 日韩 亚洲 欧美在线| 18禁黄网站禁片免费观看直播| 国产综合懂色| 九九热线精品视视频播放| 亚洲最大成人中文| 日本欧美国产在线视频| 亚洲自拍偷在线| 日韩欧美国产在线观看| 国产一区二区三区在线臀色熟女| 国产精品1区2区在线观看.| 国产真实乱freesex| 91av网一区二区| av在线老鸭窝| 嫩草影院精品99| 国语自产精品视频在线第100页| 午夜精品在线福利| 国产三级在线视频| 国产又黄又爽又无遮挡在线| 最近视频中文字幕2019在线8| 亚洲经典国产精华液单| 亚洲成人久久爱视频| 午夜福利欧美成人| 亚洲三级黄色毛片| 国产高清有码在线观看视频| 精品一区二区三区人妻视频| 久久草成人影院| 色吧在线观看| 亚洲午夜理论影院| 中亚洲国语对白在线视频| 日韩人妻高清精品专区| 蜜桃久久精品国产亚洲av| 变态另类丝袜制服| 色综合色国产| 精品人妻熟女av久视频| 一区福利在线观看| 欧美最黄视频在线播放免费| 亚洲七黄色美女视频| 亚洲中文字幕一区二区三区有码在线看| 夜夜夜夜夜久久久久| 我的女老师完整版在线观看| 久久久久免费精品人妻一区二区| 一本久久中文字幕| 亚洲成人精品中文字幕电影| 精品久久久久久久久久免费视频| 观看美女的网站| 亚洲成人免费电影在线观看| 最新在线观看一区二区三区| 亚洲一级一片aⅴ在线观看| 搡老熟女国产l中国老女人| 亚洲va在线va天堂va国产| 亚洲精品一区av在线观看| 中文字幕人妻熟人妻熟丝袜美| 国产一区二区三区在线臀色熟女| 小说图片视频综合网站| 久久99热6这里只有精品| 免费电影在线观看免费观看| 国产成人一区二区在线| 午夜福利视频1000在线观看| 国产 一区精品| 中文字幕久久专区| 日日干狠狠操夜夜爽| 12—13女人毛片做爰片一| 欧美日韩亚洲国产一区二区在线观看| 亚洲av成人av| 国产毛片a区久久久久| 精品一区二区三区视频在线| 在线观看一区二区三区| 成人精品一区二区免费| 午夜老司机福利剧场| 午夜影院日韩av| 成人美女网站在线观看视频| 一区二区三区四区激情视频 | av福利片在线观看| 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 欧美日韩国产亚洲二区| 桃红色精品国产亚洲av| 成人三级黄色视频| 日日夜夜操网爽| 久久6这里有精品| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 色尼玛亚洲综合影院| 99九九线精品视频在线观看视频| 国产老妇女一区| 又爽又黄无遮挡网站| 99在线人妻在线中文字幕| 国产白丝娇喘喷水9色精品| 99热6这里只有精品| 亚洲一级一片aⅴ在线观看| 两性午夜刺激爽爽歪歪视频在线观看| 免费大片18禁| 欧美三级亚洲精品| 亚洲精品456在线播放app | 欧美绝顶高潮抽搐喷水| 毛片女人毛片| 美女免费视频网站| 看片在线看免费视频| 日韩av在线大香蕉| 99国产极品粉嫩在线观看| 精品久久久久久久久久免费视频| 久久6这里有精品| 日韩精品青青久久久久久| 国产色爽女视频免费观看| 日日干狠狠操夜夜爽| 嫩草影视91久久| 真实男女啪啪啪动态图| 天美传媒精品一区二区| 久久久久久九九精品二区国产| 99久久成人亚洲精品观看| 午夜亚洲福利在线播放| 精品人妻偷拍中文字幕| 久久久久久久久久久丰满 | 亚洲av中文字字幕乱码综合| 日韩欧美精品免费久久| 美女大奶头视频| 国产激情偷乱视频一区二区| 日韩高清综合在线| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 日韩欧美在线乱码| 亚洲四区av| 少妇丰满av| 尾随美女入室| 午夜爱爱视频在线播放| 国产精品,欧美在线|