新加坡啟匯城Solaris大樓

Solaris，Singapore

主持T. R. Hamzah & Yeang Sdn. Bhd.事務所，是建筑師，也是生態(tài)學家，以獨特的生態(tài)建筑聞名，且為全球綠色建筑設計權威。他曾求學于英國AA建筑學院，取得劍橋大學博士學位。他擁有美國伊利諾大學杰出普立姆教授資格，撰寫超過12本有關綠色建筑的書籍；并屢獲獎項，如阿卡汗獎、馬來西亞建筑師協(xié)會金牌及馬來西亞官方默迪卡獎；曾獲英國《衛(wèi)報》“拯救地球的五十能人之一”。

Solaris位于新加坡中部One-north科技園內，這棟建筑是整個園區(qū)一期的標桿項目。啟匯城（Fusionopolis）是旨在信息通信技術、媒體、物理科學與工程等領域有所創(chuàng)新的企業(yè)研發(fā)中心，混合了多種用途的總平面由扎哈·哈迪德建筑師事務所設計。

Solaris由兩棟塔樓組成，中間是一個可自然通風的巨大中庭，辦公樓層通過中庭上方一系列空中連橋連接。與當?shù)氐钠渌椖肯啾?，這座建筑的整體能耗降低了33%，目標是超過新加坡綠色建筑認證標準白金級，這是新加坡可持續(xù)建筑的最高認證標準（就像LEED、綠建、BREEAM等）。Solaris 擁有超過8 000m2的景觀綠化，其植被面積甚至超出了建筑原有場地的面積。項目建成后，在2009年9月被評為新加坡綠色建筑認證標準白金級。

Solaris是探索用生態(tài)方法進行建筑設計可能性的范例。該建筑通過引入開放的互動空間，創(chuàng)造性地運用天窗、庭院的自然采光和通風，以及連續(xù)的螺旋形景觀斜坡成為One-north園區(qū)充滿活力的焦點。向馬路對面One-north公園的延伸把不斷升高的屋頂花園與穿插在建筑外立面上的空中露臺結合在一起，形成了生態(tài)連接。憑借其大量的生態(tài)設施、可持續(xù)的設計手法和創(chuàng)新的垂直綠化的理念，Solaris完善了現(xiàn)有場地的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，而不是取代它們。

連續(xù)的周邊景觀斜坡

一個長1.5km、不間斷的生態(tài)骨架將相鄰的One-north公園和生態(tài)細胞與建筑頂部層疊的屋頂花園聯(lián)系起來，斜坡的最小寬度是3m。螺旋形景觀斜坡的維護是通過一條平行的路徑實現(xiàn)的，不需要進入租戶的內部空間就能夠進行種植服務。這條路徑還起到了連接地面到最上層屋頂區(qū)域的線性公園的作用。連續(xù)的景觀是這個項目生態(tài)設計理念的核心內容，因為它允許建筑物內的有機體和植物物種可以在所有綠化區(qū)域內游動，加強了生物多樣性，促進生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的整體健康。斜坡憑借其厚重的綠蔭和密集的陰生植物，還是整體建筑立面冷卻的一個要素。這個生態(tài)設施為住戶提供了兼具社會性、互動和創(chuàng)造性的環(huán)境，同時在非有機的既有形式和更加有機的體量之間達到一個平衡。

陽光豎井

從A座上部樓層穿過的一條斜向井道讓自然光可以直達建筑深處。內部照明傳感器系統(tǒng)會在自然光照度足夠明亮的時候自動關掉燈具，以減少能源使用。陽光豎井內的園林花架提升了周邊空間的品質，也使得從下面街道向上到建筑擁有良好的景觀。

生態(tài)細胞

生態(tài)細胞位于建筑物的東北角螺旋斜坡與地面相接的地方，它可以讓植物、自然的光和風一直延伸到下部停放車輛的樓層。最下面的生態(tài)細胞包含了雨水回收系統(tǒng)的水池和泵房。

自然通風和采光的大中庭

兩棟塔樓之間的公共廣場為社區(qū)活動和創(chuàng)造性的表演提供了空間。首層中庭沒有設置空調，可通過上方可調節(jié)的玻璃百葉屋頂形成不同的模式，既可以遮風避雨，也可以在必要的時候提供足夠的通風量。中庭的熱環(huán)境和風速均經(jīng)過CFD（計算機流體動力學）模擬分析，并將研究結果用于優(yōu)化中庭的立面設計，以改善空氣流量并提高舒適度。

口袋廣場

首層廣場與對面的One-north公園的景觀相連，形成穿堂風，并為社交與互動活動提供場所。

大量的遮陽百葉

本項目的立面設計源于對太陽路徑的分析。新加坡在赤道上，太陽路徑幾乎是完全橫貫東西。通過分析確定立面上遮陽百葉的形狀和深度，這一策略進一步減少了立面雙層Low-E玻璃的熱量傳遞，外部傳熱系數(shù)僅為39watts/m2。在與螺旋形景觀斜坡、空中花園和大挑檐銜接的地方，遮陽百葉還有助于在建筑外圍的居住空間中形成舒適的微氣候，其百葉的直線長度超過10km。

屋頂花園和角部的空中露臺

垂直綠化起到了熱緩沖的作用，并且創(chuàng)造了一個放松和活動的空間。大量的花園為居住者提供了與自然互動的機會，創(chuàng)造了體驗外部環(huán)境、欣賞園區(qū)綠色的空間。在大樓每個角部，螺旋形斜坡擴展成寬敞的雙層空中露臺。建成后，該項目的綠化面積之和超過了建筑的基地面積。

雨水回收

該建筑巨大的景觀面積是通過龐大的雨水回收系統(tǒng)來灌溉的。雨水從外圍景觀斜坡的排水溝及B座屋頂?shù)暮缥脚潘占?，存儲在屋頂水箱和生態(tài)細胞下面的最底層。通過雨水的循環(huán)可提供超過700m3的庫容，可供五天灌溉用水。（譯/馬琴，校/吳春花）

Solaris is located in the research and business park in central Singapores one-north community. The building is proving to be the flagship on this locality. Fusionopolis is an R&D; hub for Info-communication Technology， Media， Physical Sciences & Engineering sectors which is intended to facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship in these fields. The masterplan for the visionary mixed-use development was prepared by Zaha Hadid Architects.

Solaris comprises two tower blocks separated by a grand naturally-ventilated central atrium. Office floors are linked by a series of sky bridges which span the atrium at upper floors. The buildings overall energy consumption will represent a reduction of over 33% compared to local precedents and the project is on target to exceed BCAs GreenMark Platinum rating， the highest possible certification granted by Singapores sustainable building benchmark （eg. LEED， GreenStar， BREEAM， etc.）. With over 8000 sq.m. landscaping， Solaris introduces vegetation which exceeds the area of the buildings original site.

In September 2009， Solaris was awarded a Green Mark Platinum rating， the highest level of certification granted by BCAs Green Mark.

Solaris stands as a dramatic demonstration of the possibilities inherent in an ecological approach to building design. The building will become a vibrant focal point for the one-north community through the introduction of open interactive spaces， creative use of skylights and courtyards for natural light and ventilation and a continuous spiral landscaped ramp， an extension of one-north Park across the street， which forms an ecological nexus tying together an escalating sequence roof gardens with sky terraces that interpenetrate the buildings facade. With its extensive eco-infrastructure， sustainable design features and innovative vertical green concept， Solaris strives to enhance its sites existing ecosystems， rather than replace them.

Continuous Perimeter Landscaped Ramp

An uninterrupted 1.5 km long ecological armature connects the adjacent one-north Park at ground level and the basement Eco-cell with the cascading sequence of roof-gardens at the buildings highest levels. The ramp has a minimum width of 3m. Maintenance of the spiral landscaped ramp is achieved via a parallel pathway which allows for servicing of the continuous planters without requiring access from internal tenanted spaces. The pathway also serves as a linear park that stretches all the way from the ground plane to the uppermost roof areas. The continuity of the landscaping is a key component of the projects ecological design concept as it allows for fluid movement of organisms and plant species between all vegetated areas within the building， enhancing biodiversity and contributing to the overall health of these ecosystems. The ramp， with its deep overhangs and large concentrations of shade plants， is also one element in a comprehensive strategy for the ambient cooling of the building facade. This eco-infrastructure provides social， interactive and creative environments for the occupants of the buildings upper floors while balancing the inherent inorganicness of the built-form with a more organic mass.

Solar Shaft

A diagonal shaft cut through the upper floors of Tower A allows day-light to penetrate deep into the buildings interior. Internal lighting operates on a system of sensors which reduces energy use by automatically turning-off lights when adequate day-lighting is available. Landscaped planter boxes within the solar shaft bring added quality to adjacent spaces and enhance views up into the building from the street below.

Eco-cell

Located at the buildings north-east corner where the spiral ramp meets the ground， the Eco-cell allows vegetation， daylight and natural ventilation to extend into the car-park levels below. The lowest level of the Eco-cell contains the storage tank and pump room of the rainwater recycling system.

Naturally Ventilated and Day Lit Grand Atrium

A public plaza between the two tower blocks provides a space for communal activities and creative performances. This naturally-ventilated ground floor operates as a mixed-mode （non-air conditioned） zone with an operable glass-louvered roof over the atrium providing protection from the elements while enabling full ventilation when needed. CFD （Computational Fluid Dynamic） simulations were used to analyse thermal conditions and wind-speed within the atrium. The results of these studies were used to optimize the atrium facade design to improve air flow and enhance comfort levels.

Pocket Park / Plaza

Ground level landscaping， linking to one-north Park across the street， allows for cross ventilation of the ground-floor plaza and provides a venue for social/interactive events.

Extensive Sun-Shading Louvers

The projects climate-responsive fa?ade design originated with analysis of the local sun-path. Singapore is on the equator and the sun-path is almost exactly east-west. Facade studies analyzing the solar-path determined the shape and depth of the sunshade louvers， which also double as light-shelves. This solar shading strategy further reduces heat transfer across the buildings low-e double-glazed perimeter facade， contributing to an extremely low External Thermal Transfer Value （ETTV） of 39 watts/m.sq. In conjunction with the spiral landscaped ramp， sky gardens， and deep overhangs， the sunshade louvers also assist in establishing comfortable micro-climates in habitable spaces along the buildings exterior. The combined linear length of the buildings sun-shade louvers exceeds 10km.

Roof Gardens and Corner Sky Terraces

Vertical landscaping acts as a thermal buffer and creates areas for relaxation and event spaces. These extensive gardens allow for interaction between the buildings occupants and nature offering opportunities to experience the external environment and enjoy views of the treetops of one-north Park. As it reaches each corner of the building the spiral ramp expands into generous double-volume sky terraces. Upon completion， the sum of the projects vegetated areas will exceed the footprint of the site on which the building sits.

Rainwater Harvesting/Recycling

The buildings extensive landscaped areas are irrigated via a large-scale rainwater recycling system. Rainwater is collected from the drainage downpipes of the perimeter landscaped ramp and from the roof of tower B via Siphonic drainage. It is stored in rooftop tanks and at the lowest basement level， beneath the Eco-cell. A storage capacity of over 700 cubic meters allows for over five days of irrigation via recycled water between rainfalls.

業(yè)主：JTC公司

開發(fā)商：Soilbuild集團控股有限公司

建設地點：新加坡One-north科技園

建筑設計：T·R·哈姆扎和楊經(jīng)文建筑師事務所

設計團隊：楊經(jīng)文（首席），Mitchell Gelber（項目負責人），Esther Klausen，

Faizah Rahmat，David Loh Ing Hui

總建筑面積：50 271m2

用地面積：7 734m2

總景觀面積：8 363m2（其中首層景觀487m2，屋頂花園2 987m2，中庭花架304m2，

生態(tài)細胞83m2，綠色斜坡4 115m2，陽光豎井223m2，綠墻164m2）

層數(shù)：A座15層，B座8層

容積率：1：6.5

綠化率：108%

資料提供：?T. R. Hamzah & Yeang Sdn. Bhd.