張傳寶, 張敬坡, 馮 雷, 鄭 韜, 秦 靜
(石家莊市第三醫(yī)院普外二科, 石家莊 050017)
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腸、肝脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白在腸梗阻診斷中的意義
張傳寶, 張敬坡, 馮雷, 鄭韜, 秦靜
(石家莊市第三醫(yī)院普外二科, 石家莊050017)
摘要:目的探討腸脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(IFABP)、肝脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(LFABP)在腸梗阻診斷中的意義。方法選腸梗阻患者31例,分為兩組:切除腸管組(腸壞死手術(shù)切除腸管)13例、未切除腸管組(行開腹手術(shù)未切除腸管)18例。所有患者在入院時、術(shù)后第1日、術(shù)后第7日采靜脈血,檢測血清IFABP及LFABP的含量;取正常體檢者15例作為對照組,采靜脈血1次,檢測血清IFABP、LFABP含量。結(jié)果所有腸梗阻患者入院時血清IFABP及LFABP水平均高于對照組(P﹤0.01),并且切除腸管組IFABP及LFABP水平高于未切除腸管組(P﹤0.01)。術(shù)后第1日,兩研究組血清 IFABP水平均降至正常(P>0.05),切除腸管組LFABP水平較入院時降低(P﹤0.05),但仍高于對照組(P﹤0.05),未切除腸管組LFABP水平降至正常(P>0.05)。術(shù)后第7日,兩研究組血清 IFABP、LFABP水平較對照組差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論血清IFABP及LFABP均是診斷腸缺血嚴(yán)重程度的敏感指標(biāo)。
關(guān)鍵詞:腸脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白;肝脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白;腸梗阻
腸梗阻(intestinal obstruction)是普外科的常見病,不僅對胃腸道有直接的損害,還會威脅到患者的生命。然而對腸梗阻早期的診斷仍是目前臨床上的難點。我科在2013-03~2015-08對腸梗阻患者血清腸脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(intestinal fatty acid-binding protein,IFABP)、肝脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(liver fatty acid-binding protein,LFABP)的變化進(jìn)行檢測,并探討其臨床意義。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
按入院順序選取2013-03~2015-08在我科行手術(shù)治療的腸梗阻患者31例,男17例,女14例。年齡1-59歲,平均22歲。按術(shù)中所見腸缺血的嚴(yán)重程度分為切除腸管組13例,男7例,女6例,年齡1-59歲,平均23歲,其中股疝2例,腹股溝斜疝3例,腸扭轉(zhuǎn)1例,腸套疊4例,胃癌術(shù)后2例,結(jié)腸腫瘤術(shù)后1例;未切除腸管組18例,男10例,女8例,年齡1-58歲,平均21歲,其中股疝1例,腹股溝斜疝4例,腸套疊6例,腸扭轉(zhuǎn)3例,胃癌術(shù)后2例,結(jié)腸腫瘤術(shù)后2例;取健康體檢者15例設(shè)為對照組,其中男8例,女7例,年齡1歲-59歲,平均年齡23歲。三組性別、年齡比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。
1.2檢測方法
所有研究組患者在入院后、術(shù)后第1天、第7天,抽取外周靜脈血2 ml,對照組抽取外周靜脈血2 ml一次。抽取后即時用低溫高速離心機(jī)提取血清(日本HITACH Himar CF15R,3 000 r/min,離心10 min),-70 ℃保存。血清IFABP、LFABP的含量用美國RD公司提供的ELISA試劑盒測定。
1.3統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法
應(yīng)用SPSS 22.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的錄入和兩樣本計量資料的t檢驗以及多樣本計量資料的方差分析。檢驗水準(zhǔn)α=0.05。
2結(jié)果
2.1血清IFABP水平變化比較
入院時,兩研究組IFABP水平均高于對照組(均P﹤0.01),且切除腸管組IFABP水平高于未切除腸管組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P﹤0.01);術(shù)后第1天,兩研究組IFABP水平與對照組比較無差異(P均>0.05);術(shù)后第7天,兩研究組間IFABP水平無明顯差異(P>0.05),兩研究組IFABP水平較對照組均無差異(均P>0.05,見表1)。
組別n入院時術(shù)后第1天術(shù)后第7天切除腸管組131483.57±166.12*176.01±73.07181.05±83.41未切除腸管組18850.62±116.05*#161.94±56.49169.26±57.30對照組15167.35±84.04
與對照組比較,*P﹤0.01;與切除腸管組比較,#P﹤0.01
2.2血清LFABP水平變化比較
入院時,兩實驗組LFABP水平均高于對照組(均P﹤0.01),且切除腸管組LFABP水平高于未切除腸管組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P﹤0.01,見表2)。術(shù)后第1天,切除腸管組LFABP水平較術(shù)前下降(P﹤0.01),但仍高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P﹤0.01);未切除腸管組LFABP水平較對照組無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。術(shù)后第7天,兩研究組LFABP水平比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05),兩研究組LFABP水平較對照組無差異(均P>0.05,見表2)。
組別n入院時術(shù)后第1天術(shù)后第7天切除腸管組131927.17±186.04*950.39±114.57*261.87±94.20未切除腸管組181264.82±177.38*#274.41±87.35#256.18±73.24對照組15241.92±86.63
與對照組比較,*P﹤0.01;與切除腸管組比較,#P﹤0.01
3討論
脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(fatty acid binding protein,F(xiàn)ABP)由Ockner首先發(fā)現(xiàn),分子量14-15 kD[1],主要存在于能夠攝取和利用脂肪酸的組織中,能結(jié)合長鏈脂肪酸。目前己知存在9種不同類型的FABP,根據(jù)其組織分布分別為肝型(L)、腸型(I)、心型(H)、脂肪細(xì)胞型(A)、腦型(B)、回腸型(I1)、上皮細(xì)胞型(E)、髓磷脂型(My)和睪丸型。
IFABP具有較好的器官特異性,其僅存在腸道黏膜中,對腸道缺血缺氧非常敏感[2]。IFABP在正常人群中幾乎難以檢出,但在腸缺血患者中其檢出率為100%[3]。通過對人離體空腸的實驗表明,在腸缺血30 min時,IFABP水平較缺前迅速升高(3 997 pg/mlvs290 pg/ml),這時進(jìn)行再灌注,1 h后IFABP水平即明顯下降(1 143 pg/ml),然而腸管組織在顯微鏡下顯示仍然正常,僅絨毛出現(xiàn)水腫,但當(dāng)缺血時間超過1 h后,腸管損傷將不可逆[4,5]。在體實驗表明,IFABP在腸缺血15 min后外周血中即可檢出,且持續(xù)升高,而這時腸管損傷尚處于可逆階段[6]。Mitták等[7]研究證明術(shù)前緩瀉藥的應(yīng)用、手術(shù)時間、小腸切除術(shù)及術(shù)后SIRS發(fā)生等均不影響IFABP水平。與傳統(tǒng)生物學(xué)標(biāo)記物相比,如:肌酸激酶、D-二聚體、WBC、CRP等,IFABP對血管源性腸缺血的診斷更有意義[8]。本實驗顯示術(shù)前兩研究組均血清IFABP水平均高于對照組,術(shù)后第1天即恢復(fù)正常水平,沒有受到手術(shù)干擾,所以IFABP還可以作為術(shù)后腸功能恢復(fù)情況的檢測指標(biāo)。
LFABP組織特異性不及IFABP,主要分布在肝臟,在腸道、胰腺、腎臟、肺和胃都有表達(dá)[9],在腸管組織中, LFABP 的分布與IFABP相似,均以空腸水平最高,但LFABP在腸道組織中的含量更高[10]。Pelsers等[11]通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)腸管損傷患者在術(shù)前IFABP及LFABP水平均升高,術(shù)后其水平迅速下降。腸缺血時的瀑式效應(yīng)是引發(fā)LFABP持續(xù)升高的基礎(chǔ),首先低灌注引起腸細(xì)胞及肝細(xì)胞損傷,由此導(dǎo)致膿毒血癥并將最終導(dǎo)致腎臟等多器官功能損傷[12]。而腸道、肝臟、腎臟的損傷都會引起LFABP升高釋放入血[13]。本研究表明,所有研究組術(shù)前LFABP水平均增高,術(shù)后腸壞死組仍維持在較高水平,可能與其引起的肝、腎損傷尚未恢復(fù)有關(guān)。
綜上所述,IFABP及LFABP均是診斷腸缺血嚴(yán)重程度的敏感指標(biāo)。LFABP診斷腸缺血比IFABP更為敏感,但特異性較IFABP差。如何將之應(yīng)用于臨床,還需大量實驗研究及臨床研究。
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作者簡介:張傳寶,男,1963-09生,本科,副主任醫(yī)師,E-mail:fengleidian1982@163.com
收稿日期:2016-04-07
中圖分類號:R574.2
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號:1007-6611(2016)07-0608-03
DOI:10.13753/j.issn.1007-6611.2016.07.006
Diagnostic significance of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein for intestinal obstruction patients
ZHANG Chuanbao, ZHANG Jingpo, FENG Lei, ZHENG Tao, QIN Jing
(SecondDepartmentofGeneralSurgery,ThirdHospitalofShijiazhuangCity,Shijiazhuang050017,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the significance of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein(IFABP) and liver fatty acid-binding protein(LFABP) in diagnosis of the intestinal obstruction.MethodsTotally 31 patient with intestinal obstruction were chosen and divided into two groups: enterectomy+anastomosis group(n=13) and celiotomy group(n=18). Fifteen healthy people were chosen as control group. Venous blood was collected on admission, at 1, 7 day after operation in intestinal obstruction patients and only once in controls. The concentrations of serum IFABP and LFABP were measured.ResultsOn admission, the levels of serum IFABP and LFABP were significantly higher in two study groups than in control group(P﹤0.01), and the levels in enterectomy+anastomosis group were also higher than in celiotomy group(P﹤0.01).At 1 day after operation, the levels of IFABP in two study groups decreased to the normal(P>0.05).At 1 day, the level of LFABP in enterectomy+anastomosis group was decreased(P﹤0.05),but it was also higher than in control group(P﹤0.05), while the level of LFABP in celiotomy group decreased to the normal(P>0.05). At 7 day after operation, the levels of serum IFABP and LFABP in two study groups showed no significant difference between two study groups and control group(P>0.05). ConclusionBoth serum IFABP and LFABP are sensitive markers to diagnose the serious degree of intestinal ischemia.
Key words:intestinal fatty acid-binding protein;intestinal fatty acid-binding protein;intestinal obstruction