單句語法填空專項訓練

河南 張英杰

單句語法填空專項訓練

河南 張英杰

1. The 36ft_____14 ft front room was divided into two by a wall to make space for the Journeyman Union.

2. The money could go towards hiring people with limited employment opportunities，or to help cover more pressing needs______（face）the charity，such as rent or staff salaries.

3. Many people are under the impression that taking on the responsibility of the family is quite tiresome，but they do not know______it takes to be a parent.

4. It was the first time __I___（mention）beer in front of my father，let alone ask him to drink one with me.

5. It was at Fair Oaks，in a sixth grade English class，_____I met Ms. Victoria Hunter，a teacher who had a huge influence on my life.

6. Not only_____this cost financial loss，it also affects peace of mind.

7. We soon found ourselves at Blue Gum Corner，a place _____（name）after the huge old blue gum tree that stood by there.

8. It will be interesting to see what the future has_____ store for Worcestershire’s butterflies.

9._____your kids wish to have some fun，see this device change into a musical instrument.

10. On the way home last night，Sarah struggled through the wind，rain______（beat）against her face.

11. It is______（high）likely that the world of production will become more and more networked until everything is connected with everything else.

12. This park is also home_____many small mammals and birds.

13. Suddenly I noticed a new sound______（add）to those already surrounding me.

14. This is the point_____I start to take issue with you.

15. He wanted a job developing X-ray film， ____ that everyone must do in the dark.

16. Researchers believe that since 2010_____ average of nearly 35 000 elephants have been killed annually on the continent.

17. Earlier this month，Alberto Torres’s wife，who had just been laid off from her job，had to have a breast_____（remove）due to cancer and now faces a year of radiation treatments.

18. If she_____（allow）to continue her studies，she would never have taken a “gut”.

19. She had decided long ago that______（grow）old was like slowly turning to stone；you couldn’t take anything for granted.

20._____（fortunate），Rosemary had no idea what the name of river was，and could not look it up.

21. The work was hard，but at least it_____（pay）off.

22. Her youngest grandson behaved_____he had never done a chore in his life.

23. As a black person，she didn’t run for president _____she wanted to win. Instead，she ran to make a point—Shirley Chisholm.

24. But what we may regret most is the extra time spent on analyzing and comparing each and every bit of information，_____can lower our decision-making ability.

25. It is reported that a new school has been built in what ______（be） a deserted village a few decades ago.

26. When it comes to_____（choose）a college major，consider more than just what seems the easiest.

27. I took_____for granted that I’d feel a sense of freedom.

28. In the course of growing up，children have a natural tendency to bring their aggressiveness more and more_____ control if their parents encourage this.

29. Boldness，a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme is not_____that can be acquired overnight.

30. I also believe that the survival of the world now depends on a much_____（great）awareness of the need to avoid war and to actively seek peaceful agreements.

31. One day we were taking lots of eggs in a basket on the truck to the market_____we hit a stone on the road.

32. As the market for infant products grows，there is _____increased demand for photos and shoots of babies.

33. We’d walk the two blocks to the main street_____ the school band would start off the festivities.

34.____arrival，our grandparents always had a decorative pumpkin with a smile.

35. While riding along the country road，we saw the trees standing tall and many_____（fall）leaves lying on the ground.

36. This is the time of the year I feel the memories of small towns and country days come______（live）.

37. Often the small town would have a homecoming parade_____Saturday morning.

38. No sooner had I taken a few steps_____ he showed up again，this time with his friend，and they both gave me a huge smile.

39. He was one of the first_____（spot）the potential of China under a former leader Deng Xiaoping and contributed to China’s reform and opening up.

40._____people in China expected to buy 500 million smart phones in 2015，Xiaomi plans to solidify its position as one of the most powerful phone makers in the world’s most important market.

41. There are 13.7 million single parents in the U.S. and this could be due to the fact that parents don’t take_____（respond）for their children，so they leave one parent to do it alone.

42. The mother teaches her children manners and good health skills， ____the father teaches them how to catch a ball or drive a car.

43. If nothing seems like it is happening in your life，_____all the work you’re putting in，remember that you’re probably growing roots not fruit.

44. If you are trying to achieve big goals in your life and work，the chances are_____from time to time，you hit rock bottom.

45. The answer to the question took her_____surprise.

46. Oprah Winfrey set up Harpo Production，thus_____（get）to be the third woman in the media industry to have her own studio.

47._____was expected，the program has aroused enthusiasm for the native language.

48. The importance of the information from the Internet is almost equal to_____of all knowledge we gain from our friends and coworkers.

49. As they read，they just put pauses_____they fit best.

50. Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them_____second thought.

51. It is an often heard complaint of the middle-class mother，for instance，that she must let her children watch television for hours_____end every day if she is to steal any time for herself.

52. Over the past 80 years the Trust_____（become）a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life.

53. Each covering letter should be designed to suit the job ______which you are applying.

54. By watching others fail，an animal can avoid making the same mistakes，thus improving its chance of_____（survive）.

55. Some of us suggested we hold a party while_____ said we could spend the lucky money playing games.

56. The raccoon extended her tiny paw as if she_____（be）asking for some food.

57._____more jobs you apply for，the better youl’l get an interviewing.

58. In mixed schools，boys feel forced to act like men _____they understand themselves well enough to know what that means.

59. He stood over that fire with a rake in one hand and a water pipe in_____.

60. Keep your pets inside as much as you_____when the weather is bad.

【參考答案及解析】

1. 【解析】by?？疾榻樵~。此處by表示數(shù)學上乘法的概念。

2. 【解析】facing?？疾榉侵^語動詞?！癴ace”和句子謂語“cover”之間沒有連詞，故應用非謂語動詞，且后面有賓語，故不用過去分詞，而應用現(xiàn)在分詞。

3.【 解析】what?？疾橘e語從句。what引導賓語從句，在從句中作動詞“take”的賓語，符合語境。

4. 【解析】had mentioned?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)固定句型：It is the first time that sb./sth.+完成時，且主從句時態(tài)應保持一致可知，應與was呼應，故此處應用過去完成時，符合語境。

5. 【解析】that?？疾閺娬{句?！癐t is/was...that...”是強調句型，其判斷方式是把“It is/was...that...”去掉之后，句子結構和意思仍完整。本句是對句子的狀語“at Fair Oaks，in a sixth grade English class”進行強調，符合語境。

6. 【解析】does?？疾榈寡b句。“not only...but also”引導并列句時，前倒后不倒，即：助動詞放在主語之前，且主從句時態(tài)一致，與“affects”呼應，故應填助動詞does。

7. 【解析】named?？疾榉侵^語動詞?！皀ame”和句子謂語“found”之間沒有連詞，且和其邏輯主語“place”之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。

8. 【解析】in?？疾榻樵~。固定短語搭配：have sth. in store意為“即將到來，等待”，符合語境，故填介詞in。

9. 【解析】Should?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。本句是一個虛擬省略倒裝句，補充還原為：If your kids should wish to have fun，see this device change into a musical instrument。should在本句中意為“萬一”，符合語境。

10. 【解析】beating?？疾榉侵^語動詞?！癰eat”和句子謂語“struggled”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞，且和其邏輯主語“rain”之間是主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。本句還是一個獨立主格結構，即：非謂語動詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語不是同一人或物。

11. 【解析】highly?？疾樵~性轉換。副詞修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞，此處“highly”是副詞，修飾形容詞“l(fā)ikely”，在句中作狀語，符合語境。

12. 【解析】to。考查介詞。固定詞組搭配：be home to sth.意為“……的大本營，根據(jù)地”，符合語境，故填介詞to。

13. 【解析】added?？疾榉侵^語動詞。“add”和句子謂語“noticed”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞，且和其邏輯主語“sound”之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞。

14. 【解析】where?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。where引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞“point”，符合語境。

15. 【解析】something?？疾榇~。此處“something”是“a job”的同位語，代表一事物，后被that引導的定語從句限定和修飾，符合語境。

16. 【解析】an?？疾楣谠~?！癮n average of+數(shù)字”意為“平均數(shù)”，是抽象名詞具體化，故用不定冠詞an修飾。

17. 【解析】removed?？疾榉侵^語動詞。固定搭配：have sth. done，過去分詞作賓語補足語，符合語境。

18. 【解析】had been allowed?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)語境“would never have taken”可知，本句是一個對過去情況虛擬的句子，故if條件句應用過去完成時，且此處主謂之間表示邏輯上的被動關系，故應填had been allowed。

19. 【解析】growing?？疾閯用~。growing在此處是動名詞短語作主語，符合語境。

20. 【解析】Unfortunately?？疾樵~性轉換。根據(jù)逗號可知，此處應填副詞，可單獨使用，修飾整個句子，作狀語，且根據(jù)語境“and could not look it up”可知，此處表示“令人遺憾的是”，故應用副詞的否定形式，即：Unfortunately。

21. 【解析】 paid?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)和語態(tài)。pay off意為“償還清”，此處表示努力會得到回報，往往不用被動的形式，且與語境was呼應，故用一般過去時的主動形式。

22. 【解析】as if?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)語境可知，本句是一個虛擬語氣的句子，意為“好像”，故用連詞as if。

23. 【解析】because。考查連詞。句意為：競選總統(tǒng)不是為了獲勝，而是為了證明黑人有能力去競選總統(tǒng)。根據(jù)句意可知，上下句表示邏輯上的因果關系，故用連詞because。

24. 【解析】which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。which引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞，即：前面的整個句子，符合語境。

25. 【解析】was?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“a few decades ago”可知，空格處表示過去的狀態(tài)，應用一般過去時態(tài)，故填was。

26. 【解析】choosing。考查動名詞。“when it comes to sb./sth.”意為“當提及某人或某物時”，to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故填choosing。

27. 【解析】it。考查代詞。it是形式賓語，代替后面that引導的真正的賓語從句，符合語境。

28. 【解析】under?？疾榻樵~。固定短語搭配：under control意為“得到控制，在控制中”，符合語境，故填介詞under。

29. 【解析】one?？疾榇~。one在此處是“a willingness”的同位語，表示“一個”的概念，后被that引導的定語從句所限定和修飾，符合語境。

30. 【解析】greater?？疾樾稳菰~比較級。much，far，any等副詞經常修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級，且與名詞awareness呼應，故填形容詞比較級形式，即：greater。

31. 【解析】when?？疾檫B詞。固定句型：be doing... when...意為“正在做某事時，突然……”，符合語境，故應填連詞when。

32. 【解析】an?？疾楣谠~。demand在此處是抽象名詞具體化，故用不定冠詞修飾，且與其修飾詞“increased”呼應，故填an。

33. 【解析】where。考查定語從句。where引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞“the main street”，符合語境。

34. 【解析】On?？疾榻樵~。on在此處意為“一……就……”，符合語境。

35. 【解析】fallen。考查非謂語動詞。“fall”和句子謂語“saw”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞，且和其邏輯主語“l(fā)eaves”之間是被動、完成的關系，故用過去分詞作定語。

36. 【解析】alive?？疾樵~性轉換。此處應填形容詞alive，意為“活著的”，和系動詞“come”構成系表結構，符合語境。

37. 【解析】on?？疾榻樵~。此處表示具體某一天的早上，故用介詞on，而不是in。

38. 【解析】than?？疾檫B詞。固定句型：no sooner... than...意為“一……就……”，符合語境，故填連詞than。

39. 【解析】to spot?？疾榉侵^語動詞。序數(shù)詞后經常跟不定式作后置定語，符合語境。

40. 【解析】With?？疾閣ith復合結構。with+名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語，即with的復合結構，在句中作狀語，符合語境。

41. 【解析】responsibility。考查詞性轉換。固定詞組搭配：take responsibility for意為“對……負責”，符合語境，故應用其名詞形式responsibility。

42. 【解析】while?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)語境可知，上下分句之間表示邏輯上的對比關系，故用連詞while，意為“然而”。

43. 【解析】despite。考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，上下分句之間表示邏輯上的讓步關系，且“all the work”是名詞，故用介詞despite，意為“盡管”。

44. 【解析】that?？疾槊~性從句。that引導表語從句，在從句中不作句子成分，符合語境。

45. 【解析】by。考查介詞。固定短語搭配：take sb. by surprise意為“嚇某人一跳”，符合語境，故應填介詞by。

46. 【解析】getting?？疾榉侵^語動詞。“get”和句子謂語“set up”之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞，且和句子主語“Oprah Winfrey”之間是邏輯上的主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。thus是副詞，不是連詞。

47. 【解析】As?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。as引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，代指先行詞，即：后面的整個句子，符合語境。

48. 【解析】that?？疾榇~。此處that代指“importance”，且被后面的介詞短語所修飾，在此表示同類不同物，符合語境。

49. 【解析】where?？疾檫B詞。where引導地點狀語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，符合語境。

50. 【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。thought是可數(shù)名詞，且第一次在語境中出現(xiàn)，故用不定冠詞修飾。此外，此處second表示“又一次”的含義，而并非第二次的概念。

51. 【解析】on?？疾榻樵~。固定短語搭配：on end=in a row，意為“連續(xù)”，符合語境，故應填介詞on。

52. 【解析】has become。考查動詞時態(tài)。over/in+時間段，句子經常用現(xiàn)在完成時，符合語境，故應填has become。

53. 【解析】for。考查介詞。定語從句中，在“介詞+which/whom”的結構中，介詞的選擇要瞻前顧后。固定短語搭配：apply for 意為“申請”，與語境“the job”呼應，故填介詞for。

54. 【解析】survival。考查詞性轉換。介詞后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故此處應用名詞形式，且表示“存活”這樣一個抽象概念，故應填survival。

55. 【解析】others。考查代詞。固定搭配：some...others...意為“一些……另一些……”，表示對比或呼應，符合語境，故用代詞others。

56. 【解析】were?？疾樘摂M語氣。在as if引導的狀語從句中，從句往往用虛擬語氣，表示與事實不符。當動詞是be時，無論主語的單復數(shù)，都用were的形式，符合語境。

57. 【解析】The?？疾楣谠~。固定句型：“the+比較級……，the+比較級……”，意為“越來越……”，符合語境，故此處應用定冠詞The。

58. 【解析】before。考查連詞。before引導狀語從句，在從句中作狀語，意為“在……之前”，符合語境。

59. 【解析】the other。考查代詞。與語境“one hand”形成呼應，故應填the other，表示“兩者之中的另一個”，符合語境。

60. 【解析】can。考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“可能”的含義，故應填情態(tài)動詞can。

（作者單位：河南省新密市第二高級中學）