寧夏 王國(guó)軍 韓利群
短文改錯(cuò)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
寧夏 王國(guó)軍 韓利群
Passage 1
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m writing to telling you my decision to quit my job like the assistant editor of the school newspaper.
As you know it,I hope to pass the college entrance examination to be held this June,but I will have to spend more time studying. I’m afraid I couldn’t concentrate on the work any more. Having worked as the assistant editor for half a year,I learned a lot from you—not only English but also the attitudes towards work. I find it hardly to convey my gratitude in words. Thank you very much.
I am very sorry for making a decision and apologize to you for the inconvenience what I might cause to your work.Notice
Passage 2
The English Club will be set up in April 26,2016,aiming to arouse our interest in English and broadening our horizons.
The club offers a platform,where we English lovers can improve their English proficiency through various activity. Firstly,we will be discuss some major topic and express our opinions freely. Secondly,English speech contests or English debates are going to be held to develop our speaking ability. However,there will be some lectures about Western cultures.
I am sure English lovers will benefit the English Club. Those who are interested is welcome to join us. Please sign up for it in Room 208 of the library building.
English Club April 10,2016
Passage 3
A large number of people enjoy listen to music. Listening to music is beneficial us in many way.
To begin with,since the stress is the cause of many illnesses,we can reduce the risk of getting these diseases by listening to the music that we liked. Secondly,listening to music is a effective way to remove worry and it is also help to a good nights’ sleep. In addition,listening to music can provide we with inspiration and help develop our creativity,that will play an important role in our future success.
In general,listening to music make us live better.
Passage 4
Last Sunday,our class organized a meaningful voluntary activity—we had a visit an orphanage and show our love for orphans there.
As soon as we arrived,they gave us a warmly welcome. We gave the children gifts such as book and pencil boxes,which we had prepared in advance. Then we patiently taught them to sing some children songs. After leaving,we took pictures with they to mark the activity. When it was the time for us to leave,the children waved their hands but said they were grateful for our kindness.
We made the effort to bring sunshine to the childrens’ life and the childrens’ bright smiles confirmed that it was worthwhile to doing such a job.
Passage 5
Dear Jim,
I am sorry to hear what you have been having a stomachache recently. I want to give you some advices;maybe it was helpful to you.
First,you should eat a plenty of vegetables and fruits and not drink a lot of soft drinks. Second,if you are picky,you lack nutrition. In order to stay health,you should balance you diet. Third,some restaurants in the street doesnt’ have a business license and they dont’ serve safe food to customers,so please avoid eat at those restaurants.
I hope the above suggestions can help you and that you can get better as soon as possibly.
Yours sincerely,Li Hua
【參考答案與解析】
Passage 1
第一處:第一句中的telling改為tell。其前面的to是不定式符號(hào),后面應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞原形。
第二處:第一句中的like改為as。根據(jù)上下文可知,這封信的作者就是一名“assistant editor”,而不是“像”的意思,下文也有線索。
第三處:第二句中去掉it。“as you know”是常見(jiàn)句式,as做know的賓語(yǔ)。故應(yīng)去掉it。
第四處:第二句中的but改為so。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處是因果關(guān)系,不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故but應(yīng)改為so。
第五處:第三句中的couldn’t改為can’t或 cannot。時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤,由全文可知,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
第六處:第四句中“I”和“l(fā)earned”之間加have。從前面的“Having worked as the assistant editor for half a year”可知,后面應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。
第七處:第四句中attitudes改為attitude。attitude是抽象名詞,不可數(shù)。
第八處:第五句中的hardly改為hard。這里hard是形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),而hardly是個(gè)否定意義的副詞,表示“幾乎不”,兩者沒(méi)有任何“血緣”關(guān)系。
第九處:第七句中的a改為the。從上下文可看出指的是做出的這個(gè)決定,是特指。故應(yīng)用the。
第十處:第七句中的what改為that / which或去掉。從語(yǔ)法分析,這里是定語(yǔ)從句修飾“inconvenience”,關(guān)系代詞作后面“cause”的賓語(yǔ),而what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
Passage 2
第一處:第一句中April前面的in改為on。年月日齊全用on,只有年或月或者年月都有才用in。
第二處:第一句中的broadening改為broaden。aiming to后面接了兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形,arouse和broaden,broadening前的and是關(guān)鍵。
第三處:第二句中的their改為our。從句的主語(yǔ)是“we”,根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知,此處應(yīng)改為our。
第四處:第二句中的activity改為activities。various后面的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
第五處:第三句中去掉be?!皐ill discuss”是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu),be多余。
第六處:第三句中的topic改為topics。topic是可數(shù)名詞,由前后的“some”“opinions”可知,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
第七處:第四句中的or改為and?!癊nglish speech contests”和“English debates”都是English Club組織的活動(dòng),而不是二者選其一。故應(yīng)改為and。
第八處:第五句中的However改為Besides。從前面的“Firstly”和“Secondly”可知這是又一點(diǎn),表示“另外、還有”,而不是轉(zhuǎn)折的意思。要特別注意首字母要大寫(xiě)!
第九處:第六句中的benefit后面加from?!癰enefit from”是短語(yǔ),意為“從……中獲益”。
第十處:第七句中的is改為are。主謂一致原則。整句話的主語(yǔ)是those,是人的概念,而系動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。
Passage 3
第一處:第一句中的listen改為listening。此處是“enjoy doing”結(jié)構(gòu)。
第二處:第二句中的“us”前面加to。“be beneficial to...”意為“對(duì)……有益”。
第三處:第二句中的way改為ways。many后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
第四處:第三句中去掉stress前的the。stress是抽象名詞,抽象名詞前不用定冠詞,況且這里是泛指。
第五處:第三句中的liked改為like。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前后文可知是指現(xiàn)在,故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
第六處:第四句中第一個(gè)a改為an。effective是元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞,元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。
第七處:第四句中的help改為helpful?!癰e helpful to sb./sth.”是固定短語(yǔ),意為“對(duì)某人/某事有益”。
第八處:第五句中的we改為us。provide是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,后面的代詞應(yīng)該用賓格形式。
第九處:第五句中的that改為which。這是個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
第十處:第六句中的make改為makes。考查主謂一致。“l(fā)istening to music”是主語(yǔ),單個(gè)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
Passage 4
第一處:第一句中的visit后加to。visit作名詞時(shí),有常用短語(yǔ):have/pay a visit to + sb./sw.。
第二處:第一句中的show改為showed。根據(jù)短文開(kāi)頭的“Last Sunday”,以及后面的并列連詞and可知,show應(yīng)改為showed。
第三處:第二句中的warmly改為warm。從前面的“a”可知,welcome在此處作名詞,形容詞修飾名詞,而warmly是副詞。故應(yīng)將warmly改為warm。
第四處:第三句中的book改為books。book是可數(shù)名詞,后面的并列連詞“and”和“pencil boxes”是提示,故應(yīng)用book的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
第五處:第四句中的children改為children’s。應(yīng)該用所有格表示“兒童的歌曲”。
第六處:第五句中的After改為Before。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可知,是在離開(kāi)前和孩子們照相。注意首字母要大寫(xiě)!
第七處:第五句中的they改為them。with 是介詞,介詞后的代詞應(yīng)用賓格。
第八處:第六句中去掉time前的the?!癐t is/was time for sb. to do...”是句型結(jié)構(gòu),time前無(wú)須用the。
第九處:第六句中but改為and。孩子們做了兩件事,“waved”和“said”是平行并列關(guān)系,不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
第十處:第七句中的doing改為do?!癰e worth doing”和“be worthwhile to do...”都表示“某事值得一做”,但搭配方式不一樣。
Passage 5
第一處:第一句中的what改為that或去掉。hear后面是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中不缺句子成分,應(yīng)用連詞that,that不作成分時(shí)還可以省略。
第二處:第二句中的advices改為advice。advice是不可數(shù)名詞。
第三處:第二句中的was改為is。結(jié)合前后文可知是指現(xiàn)在,故應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
第四處:第三句中去掉plenty前面的a。“plenty of...”是短語(yǔ),其前無(wú)須用a修飾。
第五處:第四句中的lack前加will。此處是“主將從現(xiàn)”的現(xiàn)象。
第六處:第五句中的health改為healthy?!皊tay healthy”是系表結(jié)構(gòu),這里應(yīng)該用形容詞。
第七處:第五句中diet前面的you改為your??疾榇~,“balance your diet”意為“平衡你的膳食”,故應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。
第八處:第六句中的doesn’t改為don’t??疾橹髦^一致。本句的主語(yǔ)是“some restaurants”。
第九處:第六句中的eat改為eating。avoid 后面接動(dòng)詞時(shí),動(dòng)詞應(yīng)變成-ing形式,即“avoid doing...”。
第十處:第七句中的possibly改為possible。“as soon as possible”表示“盡快”,是固定短語(yǔ)。
(作者單位:寧夏回族自治區(qū)銀川市第九中學(xué))