我的中國留學(xué)生活

文、譯/ANASTASIA SUKHORETSKAYA

我的中國留學(xué)生活

My life in China as a foreign student

文、譯/ANASTASIA SUKHORETSKAYA

對于每一個(gè)選擇漢語作為第一外語或者第二外語的學(xué)生來說, 能有機(jī)會(huì)去中國學(xué)習(xí)漢語實(shí)為幸事。目前，中國的發(fā)展吸引著全世界的目光，越來越多人愿意離開故土，到中國發(fā)展。以學(xué)生的身份來中國很方便。中國的教育跟西方國家比起來更便宜一點(diǎn)，但如果“死磕”功課不是你唯一的選擇，學(xué)習(xí)之外你還想嘗試充滿活力的都市夜生活，那你也會(huì)花費(fèi)不少。

For every student who chose to study Chinese as their second or first foreign language, it is a blessing to go to China to master their Chinese. Since nowadays China is hitting headlines, more and more people are willing to leave their home country and venture into China. It is easier to get into China being on a student’s status. Chinese education is not as expensive as, say, Western, but it also will cost a lot of money if grinding away at your studies is not enough and you would also like to engross into vibrant city nightlife.

到中國學(xué)習(xí)漢語的最佳途徑就是申請獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。中國為國際學(xué)生提供了慷慨的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金項(xiàng)目。幸運(yùn)的外國申請人可以獲得孔子學(xué)院獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、中國政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、北京市政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金以及中國大學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。這些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金覆蓋學(xué)費(fèi)、住宿費(fèi)、生活費(fèi)，甚至每個(gè)月給學(xué)生提供助學(xué)金。這些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金項(xiàng)目有針對一年或兩年進(jìn)修漢語課程的，也有針對攻讀本科、碩、博士學(xué)位的。

The best way to become a student in China is to earn a scholarship. China is rather generous on scholarships. The lucky applicant can get Confucius Institute scholarship, Chinese Government Scholarship, Beijing City scholarship, Chinese universities scholarship and all of them provide full or partly coverage of tuition fees, accommodation fees andeven issue living allowance – a monthly stipend. The scholarship can be for a one-year or two-year language program, bachelor, master or doctorate degree.

選擇一個(gè)去學(xué)習(xí)的城市也并非易事。有人說，要想學(xué)好中文，初學(xué)者先到小城市會(huì)更好一些，因?yàn)樵谛〕鞘心阌龅酵鈬说目赡苄圆淮?，而且享受夜生活的機(jī)會(huì)也不多。但這也會(huì)帶來另一個(gè)問題：你可能會(huì)學(xué)到不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的口音，比如南方口音或北方口音這些和普通話不同的方言，這對學(xué)習(xí)語言也是個(gè)障礙。眾所周知，最好的大學(xué)、最好的教師和質(zhì)量最高的語言課程都集中在大城市。此外，畢業(yè)后你在大城市找工作更容易。當(dāng)然，大城市的高生活水準(zhǔn)也有相應(yīng)高的生活成本。

The choice of a city where to study Chinese also doesn’t come easy. Some say it is better for a beginner to start from a small city or town as it is out of possibility you will meet many foreigners and there will be less intensive nightlife if any. Though the tricky part is that you risk picking up some Southern or Northern Chinese accent, different from what you will hear in the capital, in your Chinese speech. It is true that the best universities are located in big cities. Best teachers, best language programs are also there. Moreover, it is easier to find a job after graduation in a big city too. Of course, living standards are higher and living cost is more expensive.

2009年，我第一次來到中國，在北京外國語大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中文。我在俄羅斯的母校上大四時(shí)獲得了孔子學(xué)院獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。當(dāng)時(shí)我對中國一無所知。雖然在我來北京之前已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩年中文，但我只能說幾句日常用語，掌握的語法規(guī)則也不完整。我們班只有一位中國教師，所以聽中國人說話的機(jī)會(huì)很少。來北京以后，我非常努力地學(xué)習(xí)，想取得更好的成績。另外，為了充分利用這次機(jī)會(huì)，我選擇了“跳級(jí)”，直接選擇了比我應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的級(jí)別更高的漢語課程。我希望這樣能快速提高我的語言能力，因?yàn)槲抑挥邪肽甑臅r(shí)間，不得不努力。我和同學(xué)們合作做作業(yè)，請老師為我答疑解惑。我“鉆”進(jìn)了課本和考試，結(jié)果令人欣喜。我通過了漢語水平考試，而且成了班里最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。我“跑贏了”我的同學(xué)，帶著“優(yōu)秀學(xué)生”的稱號(hào)回國了。當(dāng)然，在這期間我也經(jīng)歷了困難，比如孤獨(dú)感和絕望感，特別是當(dāng)我第一次感冒時(shí)，我自己不知道怎么買藥。然而，友好的中國人給我留了很好的印象：我在北外的中國朋友把我送到醫(yī)院。直到現(xiàn)在，我仍然記得她對我的幫助。完成半年課程后，我回國了，但我默默許愿，我一定還會(huì)回來。

I came to China first in 2009 to study Chinese in Beijing Foreign Studies University. At that time, I was a 4th grade student at my home university when the Confucius scholarship program found me. I was ignorant of China, though I had studied the language for already two years before my coming to Beijing, but I could utter only a few colloquial words and was more or less aware of some grammar rules. At my home university, we had only one native Chinese teacher and all other subjects were not taught in Chinese either so the opportunity to hear a Chinese speech was very reduced. Then, in Beijing, I struggled to get well in classes. Moreover, I, assuming I needed to use the chance to its fullest, upgraded to a higher-level class than I actually should study in. I hoped it could boost my language proficiency, and since I had only half a year at my disposal, I had to study hard. I cooperated with my classmates and asked teachers to explain things for me that I could not comprehend. I dived into books and exams and the result was astonishing. I passed the HSK and finally became the best student in the class. Surprisingly, I outperformed my classmates and left Beijing with a fancy “Outstanding Student” diploma in the pocket. Of course, there were also bad sides like feeling of loneliness and some sort of despair at the beginning and especially, the feeling of hopelessness when I got down with a flu and was not able to buy medicine on my own. However, another very positive impression on China was the Chinese people who are very friendly and ready to give a hand. My Chinese friend who studied at BFSU at that time came to my rescue and accompanied me to the hospital. Until now, I still remember how kind she was to me. After completing half a year of studies, I came back to Russia making a wish I would return.

第一次來中國我就愛上了北京和中國文化。按我原來的計(jì)劃，2011年我回到中國，原因也是一樣：學(xué)習(xí)漢語。這次，我拿著中國政府獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金在北京語言大學(xué)進(jìn)修漢語一年。重回中國對我來說是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)楹鸵郧氨?，我的生活更豐富，我也更加“忙碌”。除了上課以外，業(yè)余時(shí)間里我參加了很多課外活動(dòng)。我還被選為班長，負(fù)責(zé)組織班里的活動(dòng)，參加文化節(jié)，幫助同學(xué)準(zhǔn)備演出節(jié)目。

Having fallen in love with Beijing and Chinese authentic culture, I, as planned, came back in 2011. The reason was nothing different from my first visit’s – I came to study. I earned the Chinese Government Scholarship, for a year to study Chinese in Beijing Language and Culture University. Again, it posed a challenge since I was even busier than before. That time not only classes took away my time. I was snowed under a lot of extra activities outside the classes. I was chosen to be the monitor of our group and had to organize activities for the groupmates, thenparticipated in Culture Week held by our university where the foreign students prepared performances and acted out on the stage.

在我看來，學(xué)語言不應(yīng)該只是在學(xué)校里。有時(shí)候你能從你的中國朋友那里學(xué)到更多的東西。學(xué)語言的時(shí)候，與當(dāng)?shù)厝私涣鳌⑸钊氘?dāng)?shù)匚幕潜夭豢缮俚?。在俄羅斯的時(shí)候，一位武術(shù)大師來喀山教武術(shù)，我為他做過翻譯。在我到北京后不久，我就成為了他的徒弟，開始繼續(xù)練習(xí)武術(shù)。練中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)能讓你更加深刻地了解中國文化和中國人對世界的看法。這些東西你在書本里無法找到，在大學(xué)里也學(xué)不到。我從師父那兒學(xué)到了茶道、中醫(yī)、武術(shù)。此外，我的新愛好給我?guī)砹诵碌呐笥选?/p>

Learning a language should not be only done at school. It is true that sometimes your Chinese friends will teach you more than you may learn at school. Interacting with the locals and engrossing into the culture is essential while studying the language. As the opportunity arrived, I started practicing martial arts. I used to be an interpreter for my future master when he came to Kazan with martial arts workshop. Since then I decided I should continue training and shortly after my arrival in Beijing, I became his apprentice. Practicing Chinese traditional wushu can help you in understanding the Chinese culture, and how the Chinese people see the world, which you will not find in books and will not hear from your university teachers. I learnt a lot about the tea ceremony, traditional Chinese medicine, picked up knowledge about the martial arts. Moreover, apart from the mentioned benefits, my new hobby brought new friends into my life.

一年后，北京語言大學(xué)延長了我的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，我還能再學(xué)半年的漢語。畢業(yè)之前我們需要提交論文，論文的題目可以隨便選擇，我選了“傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)和現(xiàn)代武術(shù)的區(qū)別”，因?yàn)槲覍@個(gè)題目特別有興趣。三年過去了，我還是繼續(xù)練功。我的師父說，如果你想提高自己，你要一直堅(jiān)持下去，不放棄。練武術(shù)不僅磨煉了我的意志，同時(shí)也提高了我的中文水平。

Meanwhile, a year passed and the university made a decision to prolong my scholarship for another half a year on the condition that I will contribute a written work after the course completion. The theme for the final paper was free to choose and up to the student. So, I have chosen “Traditional and modern martial arts: differences and similarities” as I had a very deep interest in the topic. Now, three years passed since I started doing the martial arts, and I still keep practicing. My master says that if you want to improve you have to make it your life-long practice. My traditional martial arts practice strengthened my character and contributed to my Chinese learning.

學(xué)生時(shí)代總是在不經(jīng)意間匆匆流過。在國外留學(xué)有一定的好處：你可以體驗(yàn)不同的文化，學(xué)習(xí)新的語言，建立新的朋友圈、收獲新的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這些都有利于你未來的職業(yè)生涯。我建議新來的留學(xué)生一定要好好珍惜留學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，充分利用時(shí)間，因?yàn)闄C(jī)會(huì)不來第二次。

When you are a student, time flies so fast, you even do not sense it. Studying abroad has its absolute benefits: the different culture, the new language, a new circle of friends and life experience for sure will contribute a lot to your future career. While you are granted with this precious time, you need to appreciate it and make the most of it. I would advise the new coming students to use this time to its fullest, the chance is never given twice, and the knowledge that you get there will be very useful in your life.

作者（左二）與中國同學(xué)們在一起

上海發(fā)布外國人永久居留新政策

Permanent Residency for Shanghai’s High-Wage Foreigners

近日，上海發(fā)布人才新政。新政策最大亮點(diǎn)是關(guān)于海外人才認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定，取消就業(yè)單位類別和職務(wù)級(jí)別限制、放寬居住時(shí)限要求、掛鉤工資和稅收。明確了工資性年收入達(dá)到60萬元人民幣以上，且年繳納個(gè)人所得稅達(dá)到12萬元人民幣以上的在滬就業(yè)外國人，在上海已經(jīng)連續(xù)工作滿4年，每年在中國境內(nèi)居住累計(jì)不少于6個(gè)月，經(jīng)所在單位推薦，就可以申請永久居留，即俗稱“中國綠卡”。

New changes in policies regarding green cards for foreign talents have taken effect in Shanghai.The main highlight of the new policies is that the standard for recognizing foreign talents has become simpler. Prior limitations regarding certain work classifications and ranks have been cancelled and have been replaced by limits regarding yearly salary and tax amounts instead. Now the definition is a much more straightforward one: a foreign worker in Shanghai whose yearly wage surpasses 600k RMB and whose taxes surpass 120k RMB. Workers who have lived in Shanghai for four years that fulfill these requirements can now apply for permanent residency, also known as a green card.

浙江省公共服務(wù)質(zhì)量滿意度全國最高

Zhejiang's Public Services Ranked Best in East China

近日，上海質(zhì)量管理科學(xué)研究院、中國行政管理學(xué)會(huì)和人民論壇雜志社聯(lián)合發(fā)布了2014年華東地區(qū)城市公共服務(wù)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測報(bào)告。報(bào)告顯示浙江省的公共服務(wù)質(zhì)量滿意度最高，上海排名第二，之后依次為山東、江蘇、福建、安徽、江西。結(jié)果顯示，在滿分為100分的情況下，2014年華東地區(qū)城市公共服務(wù)質(zhì)量整體滿意度為78.82分，屬于“比較滿意”水平。在各監(jiān)測領(lǐng)域中，公用設(shè)施服務(wù)以81.23分的滿意度位列第一，養(yǎng)老服務(wù)排名墊底。地區(qū)方面，浙江省的公共服務(wù)質(zhì)量滿意度最高，達(dá)到81.10分，上海以80.43分排名第二。

Zhejiang was ranked first in East China for its high-quality public services in a recent survey. Shanghai was ranked second, followed by Shandong, Jiangsu, Fujian, Anhui, and Jiangxi.Zhejiang residents gave their province’s public services an average of 81.10 points out of 100. Shanghaiers scored their city 80.43 points. The average for all of East China was 78.82 points. Citizens of East China are most satisfied with utilities services in their cities and provinces, and least satisfied with pension services. The report was published by Shanghai Quality Management Research Institute, Chinese Public Administration Society, and People’s Forum magazine.

中國選手寧澤濤百米奪冠成亞洲第一人

China's Ning Zetao Makes History With Swimming Gold Medal

在2015年俄羅斯喀山游泳世錦賽男子100米自由泳決賽中，中國選手寧澤濤以47秒84奪冠，成為史上首位獲得該項(xiàng)目世錦賽冠軍的亞洲人。澳大利亞的麥克沃伊獲得亞軍。寧澤濤主攻短距離游泳，主項(xiàng)為自由泳。他在2014年仁川亞運(yùn)會(huì)一游成名，連奪4塊金牌。

China’s Ning Zetao claimed the gold medal for men’s 100 freestyle at the world swimming championships. Ning is the first Chinese sprint gold medalist ever at the world champions.Ning‘s best stroke is freestyle. He won four gold medals in the 2014 Asian Games.